The Borg Scale as an Important Tool of Self-Monitoring and Self-Regulation of Exercise Prescription in Heart Failure Patients During Hydrotherapy - A Randomized Blinded Controlled Trial

Background: The Borg Scale may be a useful tool for heart failure patients to self-monitor and self-regulate exercise on land or in water (hydrotherapy) by maintaining the heart rate (HR) between the anaerobic threshold and respiratory compensation point. Methods and Results: Patients performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test to determine their anaerobic threshold/respiratory compensation points. The percentage of the mean HR during the exercise session in relation to the anaerobic threshold HR (%EHR-AT), in relation to the respiratory compensation point (%EHR-RCP), in relation to the peak HR by the exercise test (%EHR-Peak) and in relation to the maximum predicted HR (%EHR-Predicted) was calculated. Next, patients were randomized into the land or water exercise group. One blinded investigator instructed the patients in each group to exercise at a level between ""relatively easy and slightly tiring"". The mean HR throughout the 30-min exercise session was recorded. The %EHR-AT and %EHR-Predicted did not differ between the land and water exercisegroups, but they differed in the %EHR-RCP (95 +/- 7 to 86 +/- 7. P<0.001) and in the %EHR-Peak (85 +/- 8 to 78 +/- 9, P=0.007). Conclusions: Exercise guided by the Borg scale maintains the patient's HR between the anaerobic threshold and respiratory compensation point (ie, in the exercise training zone). (Circ J 2009; 73: 1871-1876)

Osastopäällikkö Bruno Nyberg 19/2 1963

Kirje 19.2.1963

Hans Kejserliga Majestäts Nådiga Försäkran till samtelige Finlands Inbyggare; Gifwen Borgå, den 15/27 Martii 1809 - [Titelsidan]

Åbo 1809, Frenckell

Hans Kejserliga Majestäts Nådiga Kungörelse till samtelige Finlands Inbyggare; Gifwen Borgå den 23 Martii/4 April 1809 - [Titelsidan]

Åbo 1809, Frenckell

Vue de Borgå

Digitoitu valokuvasta, joka julkaistu kirjassa: R. Knapas & P. Koistinen, Historiallisia kuvia, 1993.

Hans Kejserliga Majestäts Nådiga Påbud angående En Allmän Landtdags hållande i Borgå Stad till den 10/22 Martii nästkommande. Gifven St. Petersburgs Slott den 20 Januarii/1 Februarii 1809 - [Titelsidan]

St.Petersburg 1809

Hans Kejserliga Majestäts Alexander I:s Tal hållet wid Landtdagens slut, i Borgå, den 6/18 Julii 1809 - [Titelsidan]

Åbo 1809, Frenckell

Hans Kejserliga Majestäts Alexander I:s Tal, hållet wid hyllningen i Borgå den 17/29 Martii 1809 - [Titelsidan]

Åbo 1809, Frenckell

Borgå

London : Methuen & Co. Ltd 1915

Borgå

Helsingfors : A.W. Gröndahl & A.C. Öhman 1845 : Dresden, Adler u. Dietze