Environmental safety aspects of nuclear rocket flight operations : annual progress report : for Space Nuclear Propulsion Office, Atomic Energy Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

"Contract SNPC-6".

100,000,000 miles safely steamed on nuclear power : the United States Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program, January 1955 - April 1994.

Shipping list no.: 94-0322-P.

Experimental study of a methodology for Fission-track Dating without neutron irradiation

To carry out the dating by the Fission Track Method (FTM) the international community that works with this method employs methodologies in which the mineral to be dated must be irradiated with neutrons. Such irradiation, performed in a nuclear reactor, demand a relatively long waiting time so that the activity of the sample attain a proper level for handling. The present work aims to establish a methodology that makes possible the dating by FTM using a mass spectrometer instead of a nuclear reactor. This methodology was applied to apatite samples from Durango, Mexico. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In vivo analysis of uropod function during physiological T cell trafficking

Migrating lymphocytes acquire a polarized phenotype with a leading and a trailing edge, or uropod. Although in vitro experiments in cell lines or activated primary cell cultures have established that Rho-p160 coiled-coil kinase (ROCK)-myosin II-mediated uropod contractility is required for integrin de-adhesion on two-dimensional surfaces and nuclear propulsion through narrow pores in three-dimensional matrices, less is known about the role of these two events during the recirculation of primary, nonactivated lymphocytes. Using pharmacological antagonists of ROCK and myosin II, we report that inhibition of uropod contractility blocked integrin-independent mouse T cell migration through narrow, but not large, pores in vitro. T cell crawling on chemokine-coated endothelial cells under shear was severely impaired by ROCK inhibition, whereas transendothelial migration was only reduced through endothelial cells with high, but not low, barrier properties. Using three-dimensional thick-tissue imaging and dynamic two-photon microscopy of T cell motility in lymphoid tissue, we demonstrated a significant role for uropod contractility in intraluminal crawling and transendothelial migration through lymph node, but not bone marrow, endothelial cells. Finally, we demonstrated that ICAM-1, but not anatomical constraints or integrin-independent interactions, reduced parenchymal motility of inhibitor-treated T cells within the dense lymphoid microenvironment, thus assigning context-dependent roles for uropod contraction during lymphocyte recirculation.

Estudo numérico do efeito de blocagem hidrodinâmica em um túnel de cavitação sobre o escoamento ao redor de um submarino.

O projeto de submarinos é um tema que vem se desenvolvendo há muitos anos. No Brasil, vivemos um momento de pleno avanço na área, sendo encabeçado pela Marinha do Brasil com o desenvolvimento do primeiro submarino de propulsão nuclear brasileiro. No decorrer desse projeto, diversos estudos devem ser desenvolvidos, dentre eles, ensaios com modelos em escala, que serão realizados em um túnel de cavitação. Durante estes experimentos, espera-se que surjam diversas fontes de incerteza, que podem comprometer os resultados obtidos, destacando-se o efeito de blocagem hidrodinâmica. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação apresenta uma investigação do fenômeno de blocagem no modelo de submarino DARPA SUBOFF na seção de testes de um túnel de cavitação. Para isso, simulações tridimensionais de média de Reynolds (RANS) foram realizadas para o modelo de submarino posicionado no túnel (sob blocagem) e sob condição de águas profundas (referência), para diferentes ângulos de ataque e número de Reynolds (Re) constante. Coeficientes de força e momento hidrodinâmicos foram obtidos e os métodos de correção de blocagem clássico e WICS foram empregados para obter fatores que pudessem corrigir esses valores. A eficiência de cada método foi avaliada comparando os valores corrigidos com os de referência. Os resultados mostraram que ambos métodos de correção são eficientes na recuperação de coeficientes de força e momento hidrodinâmicos para razões de blocagem inferiores a 10%, mas ressalvas são feitas quanto à utilização de cada um desses métodos, sendo o método clássico indicado para o estudo de geometrias simples e o método WICS para modelos mais complexos. Paralelamente, a topologia do escoamento ao redor do submarino foi estudada através do método dos pontos críticos, para avaliar se a blocagem hidrodinâmica pode causar alterações nas estruturas presentes no escoamento. A análise topológica permitiu avaliar a evolução nas estruturas do escoamento para os ângulos de ataque e Re simulados. Foram capturadas as linhas de separação no corpo e avaliada sua relação com a tensão de cisalhamento ao longo do casco. A blocagem hidrodinâmica não causou alterações drásticas na topologia do escoamento.

Technical information engineering system /

"United States Atomic Energy Commission, Contract No. AT (11-1)-171."

Department of Defense appropriations for 1962 : hearings before the subcomittee ... Eighty-seventh Congress, first session.

pt. 1. Overall financial statements, military personnel.--pt. 2. Operation and maintenance.--pt. 3. Secretary of defense; Chairman, Joint chiefs of staff; Service secretaries and chiefs of staff.--pt. 4. Research, development, test, and evaluation.--pt. 5. Procurement.--pt. 6. Nuclear propulsion; appropriation language; amendments to the budget, 1962; statements of members of Congress, organizations, and interested individuals.

Gas turbines and jet propulsion, including rocket, hydrogen peroxide, and nuclear power plants: theory and application.

"Portions of this book first published [by the Dept. of Marine Engineering, U. S. Naval Academy] as a part of Combustion engines manual and...of Internal combustion engines."

Conceptual design of Americium nuclear battery for space power applications

This work presents simplified 242mAm-fueled nuclear battery concept design featuring direct fission products energy conversion and passive heat rejection. Optimization of the battery operating characteristics and dimensions was performed. The calculations of power conversion efficiency under thermal and nuclear design constraints showed that 5.6 W e/kg power density can be achieved, which corresponds to conversion efficiency of about 4%. A system with about 190 cm outer radius translates into 17.8 MT mass per 100 kW e. Total power scales linearly with the outer surface area of the battery through which the residual heat is rejected. Tradeoffs between the battery lifetime, mass, dimensions, power rating, and conversion efficiency are presented and discussed. The battery can be used in a wide variety of interplanetary missions with power requirements in the kW to MW range. Copyright © 2007 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

Ultra-thin 242mAm fuel elements in nuclear reactors

There is a growing interest in using 242mAm as a nuclear fuel. The advantages of 242mAm as a nuclear fuel derive from the fact that 242mAm has the highest thermal fission cross section. The thermal capture cross section is relatively low and the number of neutrons per thermal fission is high. These nuclear properties make it possible to obtain nuclear criticality with ultra-thin fuel elements. The possibility of having ultra-thin fuel elements enables the use of these fission products directly, without the necessity of converting their energy to heat, as is done in conventional reactors. There are three options of using such highly energetic and highly ionized fission products. 1. Using the fission products themselves for ionic propulsion. 2. Using the fission products in an MHD generator, in order to obtain electricity directly. 3. Using the fission products to heat a gas up to a high temperature for propulsion purposes. In this work, we are not dealing with a specific reactor design, but only calculating the minimal fuel elements' thickness and the energy of the fission products emerging from these fuel elements. It was found that it is possible to design a nuclear reactor with a fuel element of less than 1 μm of 242mAm. In such a fuel element, 90% of the fission products' energy can escape.