OpenOffice.org对非BMP平面字符支持的实现

Unicode标准中的非BMP平面字符多用于古籍研究或者少数民族语言文字,由于这些字符的使用面特别窄,多数软件系统包括办公软件都不支持对这些字符的处理。本文以开源办公套件OpenOffice.org为基础,分析了它对非BMP平面支持的现状,然后着重探讨了实现对非BMP平面字符的全面支持所需要解决的一系列问题,并分别给出了合理的改进方案,最后以CJK和藏文为例展示了改进后的效果。

Long Wavelength Peristaltic Transport of Non-Newton Fluids

Solutions are obtained for the stream function and the pressure field for the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in a tube by long peristaltic waves of arbitrary shape. The axial velocity profiles and stress distributions on the wall are discussed for particular waves of some practical interest. The effect of non- Newtonian character of the fluid is examined.

Non-Markovian qubit dynamics induced by Coulomb crystals

We investigate the backflow of information in a system with a second-order structural phase transition, namely, a quasi-one-dimensional Coulomb crystal. Using standard Ramsey interferometry which couples a target ion (the system) to the rest of the chain (a phononic environment), we study the non-Markovian character of the resulting open system dynamics. We study two different time scales and show that the backflow of information pinpoints both the phase transition and different dynamical features of the chain as it approaches criticality. We also establish an exact link between the backflow of information and the Ramsey fringe visibility.

Simple general method of generating non-oxo, non-amavadine model octacoordinated vanadium(IV) complexes of some tetradentate ONNO chelating ligands from various oxovanadium(IV/V) compounds and structural characterization of one of them

A simple general route of obtaining very stable octacoordinated non-oxovanadium( IV) complexes of the general formula VL2 (where H2L is a tetradentate ONNO donor) is presented. Six such complexes (1-6) are adequately characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and various spectroscopic techniques. One of these compounds (1) has been structurally characterized. The molecule has crystallographic 4 symmetry and has a dodecahedral structure existing in a tetragonal space group P4n2. The non-oxo character and VL2 stoichiometry for all of the complexes are established from analytical and mass spectrometric data. In addition, the non-oxo character is clearly indicated by the complete absence of the strong nu(v=o) band in the 925-1025 cm(-1) region, which is a signature of all oxovanadium species. The complexes are quite stable in open air in the solid state and in solution, a phenomenon rarely observed in non-oxovanadium(IV) or bare vanadium(IV) complexes.

Linguista sum... sed lingua non definio. Absence de définition de la langue et circularité de la construction structurale

This article analyzes the Jakobsonian classification of aphasias. It aims to show on the one hand the non-linguistic character of this classification and on the other hand its asymmetry, in spite of the fact that its author had conceived his structural construction as symmetrical. The non-linguistic character of Jakobson’s formulation is due to the absence of any definition of language, this absence being the main characteristic of Jakobsonian linguistics: concerning the aphasia problem, the Jakobsonian formulation is linguistic solely by virtue of its object, aphasia, which is already considered as a linguistic concern because it belongs to the field of « language », but which is not defined as such (as linguistic). As for asymmetry, it demonstrates first the circularity of the Jakobsonian representation of language (the duality between structure and functioning), and secondly the non-linguistic character – in the Saussurean sense of the term – of the aphasia problem. Thus it appears that breaking (in the sense of Gaston Bachelard) with idiom is the prerequisite of a scientific apprehension of language, and therefore of any interdisciplinarity, this being one of Jakobson’s favorite topics but one that this linguist failed to render fruitful because he did not offer a real definition of language.

Topographical and mechanical characterization of living eukaryotic cells on opaque substrates: development of a general procedure and its application to the study of non-adherent lymphocytes

The mechanical behavior of living murine T-lymphocytes was assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A robust experimental procedure was developed to overcome some features of lymphocytes, in particular their spherical shape and non-adherent character. The procedure included the immobilization of the lymphocytes on amine-functionalized substrates, the use of hydrodynamic effects on the deflection of the AFM cantilever to monitor the approaching, and the use of the jumping mode for obtaining the images. Indentation curves were analyzed according to Hertz's model for contact mechanics. The calculated values of the elastic modulus are consistent both when considering the results obtained from a single lymphocyte and when comparing the curves recorded from cells of different specimens

Molecular phase space transport in water:non-stationary random walk model

Molecular transport in phase space is crucial for chemical reactions because it defines how pre-reactive molecular configurations are found during the time evolution of the system. Using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulated atomistic trajectories we test the assumption of the normal diffusion in the phase space for bulk water at ambient conditions by checking the equivalence of the transport to the random walk model. Contrary to common expectations we have found that some statistical features of the transport in the phase space differ from those of the normal diffusion models. This implies a non-random character of the path search process by the reacting complexes in water solutions. Our further numerical experiments show that a significant long period of non-stationarity in the transition probabilities of the segments of molecular trajectories can account for the observed non-uniform filling of the phase space. Surprisingly, the characteristic periods in the model non-stationarity constitute hundreds of nanoseconds, that is much longer time scales compared to typical lifetime of known liquid water molecular structures (several picoseconds).

The stimulation of healing within a rat calvarial defect by mPCL–TCP/collagen scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been widely investigated for their clinical use in bone repair and it is known that a suitable carrier matrix to deliver them is essential for optimal bone regeneration within a specific defect site. Fused deposited modeling (FDM) allows for the fabrication of medical grade poly 3-caprolactone/tricalcium phosphate (mPCL–TCP) scaffolds with high reproducibility and tailor designed dimensions. Here we loaded FDM fabricated mPCL–TCP/collagen scaffolds with 5 mg recombinant human (rh)BMP-2 and evaluated bone healing within a rat calvarial critical-sized defect. Using a comprehensive approach, this study assessed the newly regenerated bone employing microcomputed tomography (mCT), histology/histomorphometry, and mechanical assessments. By 15 weeks, mPCL–TCP/collagen/rhBMP-2 defects exhibited complete healing of the calvarium whereas the non- BMP-2-loaded scaffolds showed significant less bone ingrowth, as confirmed by mCT. Histomorphometry revealed significantly increased bone healing amongst the rhBMP-2 groups compared to non-treated scaffolds at 4 and 15 weeks, although the % BV/TV did not indicate complete mineralisation of the entire defect site. Hence, our study confirms that it is important to combine microCt and histomorphometry to be able to study bone regeneration comprehensively in 3D. A significant up-regulation of the osteogenic proteins, type I collagen and osteocalcin, was evident at both time points in rhBMP-2 groups. Although mineral apposition rates at 15 weeks were statistically equivalent amongst treatment groups, microcompression and push-out strengths indicated superior bone quality at 15 weeks for defects treated with mPCL–TCP/collagen/rhBMP-2. Consistently over all modalities, the progression of healing was from empty defect < mPCL–TCP/collagen < mPCL–TCP/collagen/rhBMP-2, providing substantiating data to support the hypothesis that the release of rhBMP-2 from FDM-created mPCL–TCP/collagen scaffolds is a clinically relevant approach to repair and regenerate critically-sized craniofacial bone defects. Crown Copyright 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Towards an understanding of model driven process configuration and its support at large

The common presupposition of Enterprise Systems (ES) is that they lead to significant efficiency gains. However, this is only the case for well-implemented ES that meet organisational requirements. The list of major ES implementation failures is as long as the list of success stories. We argue here that this arises from a more fundamental problem, the functionalist approach to ES development and provision. As long as vendors will continue to develop generic, difficult-to-adapt ES packages, this problem will prevail because organisations have a non-generic character. A solution to this problem can only consist in rethinking the way ES packages are provided. We propose a strict abstraction layer of ES functionalities and their representation as conceptual models. ES vendors must provide sufficient means for configuring these conceptual models. We discuss in this paper what generic situations can occur during process model configuration in order to understand process model configuration in depth.

Twitter and society : an introduction

Since its launch in 2006, Twitter has turned from a niche service to a mass phenomenon. By the beginning of 2013, the platform claims to have more than 200 million active users, who “post over 400 million tweets per day” (Twitter, 2013). Its success is spreading globally; Twitter is now available in 33 different languages, and has significantly increased its support for languages that use non-Latin character sets. While Twitter, Inc. has occasionally changed the appearance of the service and added new features—often in reaction to users’ developing their own conventions, such as adding ‘#’ in front of important keywords to tag them—the basic idea behind the service has stayed the same: users may post short messages (tweets) of up to 140 characters and follow the updates posted by other users. This leads to the formation of complex follower networks with unidirectional as well as bidirectional connections between individuals, but also between media outlets, NGOs, and other organisations. While originally ‘microblogs’ were perceived as a new genre of online communication, of which Twitter was just one exemplar, the platform has become synonymous with microblogging in most countries. A notable exception is Sina Weibo, popular in China where Twitter is not available. Other similar platforms have been shut down (e.g., Jaiku), or are being used in slightly different ways (e.g., Tumblr), thus making Twitter a unique service within the social media landscape.

ThreatBot: A new model for improving FPS experiences with bots

This work is focused on the player experience and the design of artificial intelligence (AI) to meet player expectations in a competitive video game context. The original contribution of this research is a new approach to designing games and AI opponents that are more enjoyable for players to interact with, particularly in First Person Shooter (FPS) video games. This approach is modeled in detail and implemented in a prototype game AI called ThreatBot. The results show that the new AI design is more enjoyable to compete against, particularly with regards to player's perceived levels of competence.

Auditory - Visual Matching in Learning Disabilities : Intervention Studies from Finland and Sweden

The present thesis discusses relevant issues in education: 1) learning disabilities including the role of comorbidity in LDs, and 2) the use of research-based interventions. This thesis consists of a series of four studies (three articles), which deepens the knowledge of the field of special education. Intervention studies (N=242) aimed to examine whether training using a nonverbal auditory-visual matching computer program had a remedial effect in different learning disabilities, such as developmental dyslexia, Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Specific Language Impairment (SLI). These studies were conducted in both Finland and Sweden. The intervention’s non-verbal character made an international perspective possible. The results of the intervention studies confirmed, that the auditory-visual matching computer program, called Audilex had positive intervention effects. In Study I of children with developmental dyslexia there were also improvements in reading skills, specifically in reading nonsense words and reading speed. These improvements in tasks, which are thought to rely on phonological processing, suggest that such reading difficulties in dyslexia may stem in part from more basic perceptual difficulties, including those required to manage the visual and auditory components of the decoding task. In Study II the intervention had a positive effect on children with dyslexia; older students with dyslexia and surprisingly, students with ADD also benefited from this intervention. In conclusion, the role of comorbidity was apparent. An intervention effect was evident also in students’ school behavior. Study III showed that children with SLI experience difficulties very similar to those of children with dyslexia in auditory-visual matching. Children with language-based learning disabilities, such as dyslexia and SLI benefited from the auditory-visual matching intervention. Also comorbidity was evident among these children; in addition to formal diagnoses, comorbidity was explored with an assessment inventory, which was developed for this thesis. Interestingly, an overview of the data of this thesis shows positive intervention effects in all studies despite learning disability, language, gender or age. These findings have been described by a concept inter-modal transpose. Self-evidently these issues need further studies. In learning disabilities the aim in the future will also be to identify individuals at risk rather than by deficit; this aim can be achieved by using research-based interventions, intensified support in general education and inclusive special education. Keywords: learning disabilities, developmental dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, specific language impairment, language-based learning disabilities, comorbidity, auditory-visual matching, research-based interventions, inter-modal transpose

An accurate numerical integration scheme for finite rotations using rotation vector parametrization

A numerical integration procedure for rotational motion using a rotation vector parametrization is explored from an engineering perspective by using rudimentary vector analysis. The incremental rotation vector, angular velocity and acceleration correspond to different tangent spaces of the rotation manifold at different times and have a non-vectorial character. We rewrite the equation of motion in terms of vectors lying in the same tangent space, facilitating vector space operations consistent with the underlying geometric structure. While any integration algorithm (that works within a vector space setting) may be used, we presently employ a family of explicit Runge-Kutta algorithms to solve this equation. While this work is primarily motivated out of a need for highly accurate numerical solutions of dissipative rotational systems of engineering interest, we also compare the numerical performance of the present scheme with some of the invariant preserving schemes, namely ALGO-C1, STW, LIEMIDEA] and SUBCYC-M. Numerical results show better local accuracy via the present approach vis-a-vis the preserving algorithms. It is also noted that the preserving algorithms do not simultaneously preserve all constants of motion. We incorporate adaptive time-stepping within the present scheme and this in turn enables still higher accuracy and a `near preservation' of constants of motion over significantly longer intervals. (C) 2010 The Franklin Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Arquitetura crustal da bacia de Almada no contexto das bacias da margem lesste da América do Sul

A Bacia de Almada, localizada no estado da Bahia, compartilha características similares com as outras bacias da margem leste do Brasil, quando é analisada segundo aspectos como os processos sedimentares e o regime de esforço dominante durante a sua formação. Observa-se uma diferença marcante em relação as outras bacias quando é analisada sob a ótica da composição da crosta transicional, uma vez que não se registra atividade vulcânica durante a fase rifte. A aquisição de um extenso levantamento sísmico 3D, com cabos de 6 km de comprimento e 9.2 segundos de tempo de registro (tempo sísmico duplo), resultaram em imagens sísmicas de boa qualidade das estruturas profundas do rifte. Adicionalmente, estudos de modelagem gravimétrica foram integrados com a análise sísmica para corroborar o modelo geológico. A Bacia de Almada é parte dos sistemas de rifte continentais, desenvolvidos durante o Berriasiano até o Aptiano, que antecederam a quebra do continente do Gondwana, evoluindo posteriormente para uma margem passiva divergente. O processo do rifteamento desenvolveu cinco sub-bacias de orientação NNE-SSO, desde posições terrestres até marinhas profundas, produzindo um arcabouço estrutural complexo. Os perfis da sísmica profunda mostram o afinamento progressivo da crosta continental até espessuras da ordem de 5 km, abaixo da sub-bacia mais oriental, com fatores de estiramento crustal próximo a 7 antes do desenvolvimento de crosta oceânica propriamente dita. As imagens sísmicas de boa qualidade permitem também o reconhecimento de sistemas de falhas lístricas que se iniciam na crosta superior, evoluem atravessando a crosta e conectando as sub-bacias para finalizar em um descolamento horizontal na crosta inferior estratificada. Adicionalmente, a bacia apresenta um perfil assimétrico, compatível com mecanismos de cisalhamento simples. As margens vulcânicas (VM) e não vulcânicas (NVM), são os extremos da análise composicional das margens divergentes continentais. Na Bacia de Almada não se reconhecem os elementos arquiteturais típicos das VM, tais como são as grandes províncias ígneas, caracterizadas por cunhas de refletores que mergulham em direção ao mar e por intenso vulcanismo pré- e sin-rifte nas bacias. Embora a margem divergente do Atlântico Sul seja interpretada tradicionalmente como vulcânica, o segmento do rifte ao sul do Estado da Bahia apresenta características não-vulcânicas, devido à ausência destes elementos arquiteturais e aos resultados obtidos nas perfurações geológicas que eventualmente alcançam a seqüência rifte e embasamento. Regionalmente a margem divergente sul-americana é majoritariamente vulcânica, embora a abundância e a influência do magmatísmo contemporâneo ao rifte seja muito variável. Ao longo da margem continental, desde a Bacia Austral no sul da Argentina, até a Bacia de Pernambuco no nordeste do Brasil, podem ser reconhecidos segmentos de caráter vulcânico forte, médio e não vulcânico. Nos exemplos clássicos de margens não vulcânicas, como a margem da Ibéria, a crosta transicional é altamente afinada podendo apresentar evidências de exumação de manto. Na Bacia de Almada, a crosta transicional apresenta importante estiramento embora não haja evidências concretas de exumação de manto. Os mecanismos responsáveis pela geração e intrusão dos grandes volumes de magma registrados nas margens divergentes são ainda sujeitos a intenso debate. Ao longo da margem divergente sul-americana há evidências da presença dos mecanismos genéticos de estiramento litosférico e impacto de plumas. Alternativamente estes dois mecanismos parecem ter tido um papel importante na evolução tectônica da margem sudeste e sul, diferenciando-as da margem continental onde foi implantada a Bacia de Almada.

Locally convex Riesz spaces and Archimedean quotient spaces

A Riesz space with a Hausdorff, locally convex topology determined by Riesz seminorms is called a locally convex Riesz space. A sequence {x_n} in a locally convex Riesz space L is said to converge locally to x ϵ L if for some topologically bounded set B and every real r ˃ 0 there exists N (r) and n ≥ N (r) implies x – x_n ϵ r^b. Local Cauchy sequences are defined analogously, and L is said to be locally complete if every local Cauchy sequence converges locally. Then L is locally complete if and only if every monotone local Cauchy sequence has a least upper bound. This is a somewhat more general form of the completeness criterion for Riesz – normed Riesz spaces given by Luxemburg and Zaanen. Locally complete, bound, locally convex Riesz spaces are barrelled. If the space is metrizable, local completeness and topological completeness are equivalent.

Two measures of the non-archimedean character of a non-archimedean Riesz space L are the smallest ideal A_o (L) such that quotient space is Archimedean and the ideal I (L) = { x ϵ L: for some 0 ≤ v ϵ L, n |x| ≤ v for n = 1, 2, …}. In general A_o (L) ᴝ I (L). If L is itself a quotient space, a necessary and sufficient condition that A_o (L) = I (L) is given. There is an example where A_o (L) ≠ I (L).

A necessary and sufficient condition that a Riesz space L have every quotient space Archimedean is that for every 0 ≤ u, v ϵ L there exist u₁ = sup (inf (n v, u): n = 1, 2, …), and real numbers m₁ and m₂ such that m₁ u₁ ≥ v₁ and m₂ v₁ ≥ u₁. If, in addition, L is Dedekind σ – complete, then L may be represented as the space of all functions which vanish off finite subsets of some non-empty set.