Hazards and safety measures for nuclear-powered merchant ships : an annotated bibliography /

"Other issues of this report may bear the number ALI-C-60808."

A treatise of the law relative to merchant ships and seamen : in five parts ... /

Abbott on shipping.

A treatise of the law relative to merchant ships and seamen /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

A treatise of the law relative to merchant ships and seamen : in four parts; I. Of the owners of merchant ships; II. Of the persons employed in the navigation thereof; III. Of the carriage of goods therein; IV. Of the wages of merchant seamen /

Includes indexes.

Loading and stowage of military ammunition and explosives aboard breakbulk merchant ships.

"27 December 1988."

The social organization of British and United States merchant ships.

Cover title.

Forecasting trade and the merchant fleet. Final report.

Maritime Administration, Washington, D.C.

Merchant marine deck examination illustration book.

"Jan. 1992."

Across the Oceans : Development of Overseas Business Information Transmission, 1815-1875

Earlier studies have shown that the speed of information transmission developed radically during the 19th century. The fast development was mainly due to the change from sailing ships and horse-driven coaches to steamers and railways, as well as the telegraph. Speed of information transmission has normally been measured by calculating the duration between writing and receiving a letter, or between an important event and the time when the news was published elsewhere. As overseas mail was generally carried by ships, the history of communications and maritime history are closely related. This study also brings a postal historical aspect to the academic discussion. Additionally, there is another new aspect included. In business enterprises, information flows generally consisted of multiple transactions. Although fast one-way information was often crucial, e.g. news of a changing market situation, at least equally important was that there was a possibility to react rapidly. To examine the development of business information transmission, the duration of mail transport has been measured by a systematic and commensurable method, using consecutive information circles per year as the principal tool for measurement. The study covers a period of six decades, several of the world's most important trade routes and different mail-carrying systems operated by merchant ships, sailing packets and several nations' steamship services. The main sources have been the sailing data of mail-carrying ships and correspondence of several merchant houses in England. As the world's main trade routes had their specific historical backgrounds with different businesses, interests and needs, the systems for information transmission did not develop similarly or simultaneously. It was a process lasting several decades, initiated by the idea of organizing sailings in a regular line system. The evolution proceeded generally as follows: originally there was a more or less irregular system, then a regular system and finally a more frequent regular system of mail services. The trend was from sail to steam, but both these means of communication improved following the same scheme. Faster sailings alone did not radically improve the number of consecutive information circles per year, if the communication was not frequent enough. Neither did improved frequency advance the information circulation if the trip was very long or if the sailings were overlapping instead of complementing each other. The speed of information transmission could be improved by speeding up the voyage itself (technological improvements, minimizing the waiting time at ports of call, etc.) but especially by organizing sailings so that the recipients had the possibility to reply to arriving mails without unnecessary delay. It took two to three decades before the mail-carrying shipping companies were able to organize their sailings in an optimal way. Strategic shortcuts over isthmuses (e.g. Panama, Suez) together with the cooperation between steamships and railways enabled the most effective improvements in global communications before the introduction of the telegraph.

Sale of ship "Farmer" to Isaac M. Gomez by Joao Jose da Silva

Digital image