Gases e ruídos em edificações para suínos: aplicação das normas NR-15, CIGR e ACGIH

Swine production represents an important segment of Brazilian economy, and the possibility of increasing production is eminent mainly if considered the low pork consumption when compared to other meat and the consumption of other countries. The increasing need in the international market demands show that in a near future the commercial barriers will be based on welfare, in the protection of the environment as well as in the worker's legislation. Little knowledge is available in the subject of worker's standards in the environmental agents in rural activities as well as the air quality under Brazilian conditions. The objectives of this research were to apply the main used standards related to noise and gases and to estimate occupational risk using measurements of noise level, hydrogen sulfide, methane and oxygen in swine housing, in piglet's nursery and finishing. The results showed that the continuous noise level were below the one found in the standards, however there were observed differences (P < 0.05) in relation to the noise level measured in piglet's nursing cages and in semi-slatted floor. The respective concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and methane were less than 1 ppm and less than 0,1% by volume, which was lower than the recommended limits in NR-15, CIGR and ACGIH. The oxygen level was 21% in average.

Inactivación reversible de la NR: Aislamiento y caracterización de la proteína inactivante de hojas de avena

La fosforilación reversible de proteínas, catalizadas por protein-kinasas y protein fosfatasas es uno de los principales modos de regulación metabólica en plantas. Entre las enzimas cuya actividad es modulada por procesos de fosforilación reversible está la nitrato reductasa (NR) de plantas superiores. Estos procesos son los responsables de la inactivación reversible de la NR de hojas, observada in vivo, durante la transición luz-oscuridad, correspondiendo la forma fosforilada a la enzima inactiva y la defosforilada a la máxima actividad. Se ha demostrado que la inactivación por fosforilación de la NR sólo es detectada en presencia de cationes divalentes libres y de una proteína inactivante (FI), que ha sido aislada y caracterizada en dictiledóneas. Los datos disponibles permiten suponer que esta proteína existe también en monocotiledóneas, pero hasta el momento esto no ha sido comprobado. El objeto del trabajo es determinar si este FI es de ocurrencia generalizada, por lo que se tratará de aislarlo y caracterizarlo en hojas de avena, donde también fue demostrada la inactivación por fosforilación de la NR.

Combined effect of 25-OH vitamin D plasma levels and genetic vitamin D receptor (NR 1I1) variants on fibrosis progression rate in HCV patients.

BACKGROUND: Decreased vitamin D levels have been described in various forms of chronic liver disease and associated with advanced fibrosis. Whether this association is a cause or consequence of advanced fibrosis remains unclear to date. AIMS: To analyse combined effects of 25-OH vitamin D plasma levels and vitamin D receptor gene (VDR; NR1I1) polymorphisms on fibrosis progression rate in HCV patients. METHODS: 251 HCV patients underwent VDR genotyping (bat-haplotype: BsmI rs1544410 C, ApaI rs7975232 A and TaqI rs731236 A). Plasma 25-OH vitamin D levels were quantified in a subgroup of 97 patients without advanced fibrosis. The VDR haplotype and genotypes as well as plasma 25-OH vitamin D levels were associated with fibrosis progression. RESULTS: The bAt[CCA]-haplotype was significantly associated with fibrosis progression >0.101 U/year (P = 0.007; OR = 2.02) and with cirrhosis (P = 0.022; OR = 1.84). Forty-five percent of bAt[CCA]-haplotype patients were rapid fibrosers, 21.1% were cirrhotic. Likewise, ApaI rs7975232 CC genotype was significantly associated with fibrosis progression and cirrhosis. Lower plasma 25-OH vitamin D levels were significantly associated with fibrosis progression >0.101 U/year in F0-2 patients (P = 0.013). Combined analysis of both variables revealed a highly significant additive effect on fibrosis progression with 45.5% rapid fibrosers for bAt[CCA]-haplotype and 25-OH vitamin D < 20 μg/L compared with only 9.1% for the most favourable combination (P = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, the bAt-haplotype was an independent risk factor for fibrosis progression (P = 0.001; OR = 2.83). CONCLUSION: Low 25-OH vitamin D plasma levels and the unfavourable VDR bAt[CCA]-haplotype are associated with rapid fibrosis progression in chronic HCV patients. In combination, both variables exert significant additive effects on fibrosis progression.

Concerto Nr. 3 in G minor for Oboe and Strings

Soitinnus: Huilu, ork.

När julen ringer

Soitinnus: lauluääni, viulut (2), sello, piano.