Steering towards pinnacle of success : the NEC tenets in Australian construction contracting

Contractual relationships have become increasingly strained in recent years in the construction industry result in the use of the judicial system for the settlement of contractual disagreements. Why is this so? Evidence from anecdotes suggest that the lack of capacity amongst owners and contractors to carry out a contract using a good practice approach during the construction of a project contribute to the occurrence of conflicts, losses, deficient contractual relationships and poor performance of the construction work. Recognizing that current forms of contract in use today perpetuate a legacy of construction problems, we are conducting explanatory research to examine whether the widely publicized benefits of New Engineering Contract (NEC) could be realized in the Australian construction industry. This paper outlines a research agenda that will help shed light on how contract forms are able to be used as a mechanism to ensure construction projects are delivered successfully whilst also meeting the goals of multiple stakeholders. Understanding the Critical Success Factors (CSFs), commonly used construction contracts and the NEC system can help us address some of these issues. However, there are gaps in the validation of the benefits of NEC and its link with project success. We identify some of these gaps and propose a methodology by which to gain insights into this phenomenon. Keywords: Project Success, Construction Contracting, New Engineering Contract (NEC)

Aristophanis comoediae undecim, graece et latine : ad fidem optimorum Codicum MSS. emendatae cum nova octo comoediarum interpretatione latina, e notis ad fingulas ineditis Stephani Bergleri, nec non Caroli Andreae Dukeri ad quatuor priores, accedunt deperditarum comoediarum fragmenta a Theod. Cantero et Gul. Coddaeo collecta, earumque indices a Joh. Meursio & Joh. Alb. Fabricio digefti, curante Petro Burmanno Secundo, qui praefationem praefixit

Aristófanes nasceu em Atenas entre 450 e 445 a.C. e morreu por volta de 388 a.C. Considerado o principal representante da comédia antiga, em suas peças predominavam a sátira política e a social. Suas primeiras comédias foram assinadas sob pseudônimo e somente após ‘Os Acarnianos’ (ou ‘Acarnanos’) tornou-se conhecido. Da sua obra apenas onze peças conservaram-se integralmente. Esta coleção, em dois volumes, contém onze peças. O primeiro volume inclui ‘Os Plutos’ (publicada no ano de 388 a.C.), sua ultima comédia; ‘As Nuvens’ (423 a.C.); ‘As Rãs’ (405 a.C.); ‘Os Cavaleiros’ (424 a.C.); ‘Os Acarnianos’ (425 a.C.) e ‘As Vespas’ (422 a.C.). O segundo volume contém ‘Os Pássaros’ (414 a.C.); ‘A Paz’(421a.C.); ‘A Assembleia das mulheres’ (392 a.C.); ‘As Convocadas’ (411 a.C.) e ‘Lisistrata’ (411 a.C.)

Io. gottl. heineccii, iureconsulti quondam celeberrimi : recitationes in elementa iuris civilis secundum ordinem institutionum, accedunt io. christ. gottl. heineccii ... commentarius de vita, fatis ac scriptis b. parentis, auctior emendatior christiani thomasii, delineatio historiae juris nec non burc. gottelf. struvii, bibliotheca juris selectissima cum notis hen. contelmanni, ubi praestantiora iurisconsultorum opera ad nostra usque tempora referuntur

Título Uniforme : Corpus Juris Civilis. Institutas.

Hugonis grotii de jure belli ac pacis :libri tres, cum annotatis auctoris, nec non j.f. gronovii notis, & j. barbeyracii animadversionibus, commentariis insuper locupletissimis henr. l.b. de cocceii, sacrae regiae majestati borussicae, quondam a consiliis secretioribus, sub titulo grotii illustrati antea editis, nunc ad calcem cujusque capitis adjectis : insertis quoque observationibus samuelis l.b. de coceii, henrici fillii, regni borussici cancellarii, ... adduntur tandem ipsius grotti dissertatio de mari libero, ac libellus singularis de aequitate, indulgentia et facilitate

Titulo do volume 5: Samuelis l.b. de cocceii, summi regni borussici canncellari... introductio ad Henrici l.b. de cocceii grotium illustratum.

Pomponii Melae de orbis sitv libri tres, accuratissime emendati, una cum Commentariis Joachimi Vadiani Heluetii castigatioribus, & multis in locis auctioribus factis : id quod candidus lector obiter, & in transcursu facile deprehendet; adiecta sunt praeterea loca aliquot ex Vadiani comentarijs summatim repetita, & obiter explicata : in quibus aestimandis censendisq doctissimo uiro Ioanni Camerti ordinis minorum theologo, cum Joachimo Vadiano non admodum conuenit, rvrsvm, Epistola Vadiani, ab eo penè adulescente ad eo pene adulescente ad Rudolphum Agricolam iuniorem scripta, non indigna lectu, nec inutili ad ea capienda, quae aliubi in Commentarius suis libare magis, quàm longius explicare voluit

A obra De orbis sitv (descrição do mundo), também chamada De chorographia (corografia), foi escrita em três partes, por volta de 43 d.C. Situa a Terra no centro do universo e descreve regiões, costumes e artes da África, Europa e Ásia, sem contudo detalhar suas distâncias e sistemas administrativo. É o único tratado de geografia da Antiguidade escrito em latim clássico. Esta edição traz extensos comentários de Joaquim Vadiano e observações do teólogo João Camerti e de Rodolfo Agrícola.

NEC Contracting: Evaluation of the Inclusion of Dispute Review Boards in lieu of Adjudication in the Construction Industry in the United Kinddom

The construction industry is renowned for spending vast sums in the resolution of disputes, but never in the prevention. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the New Engineering Contract (NEC) to determine whether or not adjudication has become misaligned with the contract’s objective of promoting effective management. In doing so, the paper examines dispute review boards in order to ascertain if they could be a viable alternative to adjudication. A sequential mixed methodology is adopted including a detailed literature review, eight semi-structured interviews, culminating in the circulation and analysis of a questionnaire, to record the significance of the factors identified. The research concludes that the majority of individuals agree that dispute review boards would be more aligned with the NEC. The familiarity of members, the potential to curb rogue behaviour of parties and the proactive nature of the board are flagged as positive features, however the cost aspect requires further investigation. The reservations made in the study about adjudication, such as the priority given to speed over accuracy and also the adversarial nature of the process, suggest that a preventative step prior to proceeding to adjudication would coincide more with the three core themes of the NEC Contract and therefore, be a positive addition.

The Impact of the Recent Economic Recession on the NEC Contract in Northern Ireland: A Preliminary Study

In comparison to the rest of the United Kingdom (UK) the Northern Irish Construction Industry was disproportionately affected by the recent economic recession. During this period, use of the New Engineering Contract (NEC) has proliferated in the public sector, however no study has been undertaken to examine the impact of the recession on this contract in Northern Ireland. The aim of this paper is to explore NEC contract implementation in Northern Ireland and the impact of the recession on its operation. A qualitative methodology is adopted using a literature review and semi structured interviews with six construction professionals. A qualitative analysis identifies themes and issues arising exploring connections and links between them using thematic coding. The initial findings are that the introduction of the NEC contract in Northern Ireland makes demands of contractors and consultants in terms of additional resources and training. Some consultants show a clear lack of understanding of the contract and its provisions. Whilst there is general agreement that the contract does help to stimulate good project management, the interviewees find the contract time consuming and complicated to administer, describing it as “unforgiving for the architect and unforgiving to the contractor.” Due to the impact of the recession, both contractors and consultants are still reporting a drop in income from pre-recession levels. Project resourcing levels have dropped significantly since the onset of the recession. Adversarial and opportunistic behaviour has increased. Many consultants and contractors are struggling to adequately administer the NEC contract at current income levels. The introduction of the NEC contract and the economic recession have exerted opposing forces on the implementation of the contract, hindering its execution. As the pressures exerted by the economic recession abate and a greater understanding of the contract develops, these opposing forces will ease leading to a more consistent implementation of the contract.

The effect of AMS δ13C values on 14C ages measured on a 0.5MV NEC compact accelerator

Many AMS systems can measure 14C, 13C and 12C simultaneously thus providing δ13C values which can be used for fractionation normalization without the need for offline 13C /12C measurements on isotope ratio mass spectrometers (IRMS). However AMS δ13C values on our 0.5MV NEC Compact Accelerator often differ from IRMS values on the same material by 4-5‰ or more. It has been postulated that the AMS δ13C values account for the potential graphitization and machine induced fractionation, in addition to natural fractionation, but how much does this affect the 14C ages or F14C? We present an analysis of F14C as a linear least squares fit with AMS δ13C results for several of our secondary standards. While there are samples for which there is an obvious correlation between AMS δ13C and F14C, as quantified with the calculated probability of no correlation, we find that the trend lies within one standard deviation of the variance on our F14C measurements. Our laboratory produces both zinc and hydrogen reduced graphite, and we present our results for each type. Additionally, we show the variance on our AMS δ13C measurements of our secondary standards.

The Impact of the Recent Economic Recession on the operation of the NEC Contract in Northern Ireland

In May 2006, the NEC contract was introduced as the preferred contract for Northern Ireland public sector works. This was subsequently followed by the 2007 economic crash and ensuing recession, which continues to affect the Northern Ireland Construction Industry, to a greater extent than the remainder of the United Kingdom (UK). However, use of the NEC contract has increased during this period, particularly in the public sector. There has been debate in the literature regarding the impact of the NEC contract on adversarial behaviour, but little consideration of the impact of external economic factors on the use of the NEC contract. Using a sequential mixed method approach, the study aims to fill this gap in knowledge, through examination of the impact the economic downturn has had on the operation of the NEC contract in Northern Ireland. Qualitative and quantitative findings show that the demands placed by the NEC contract, and the effects of the economic recession, have exerted opposing forces contract implementation, thus hindering its execution. The findings can lead to a deeper understanding, in the context of both industry and academia, of situations where a lack of resources may negatively impact the operation of the NEC contract.

1.° Martyrologium ab Augusti die decima quinta initium ducens, nec ab illo diversum quod Adonis nomine circumfertur. — 2.° Proverbia, Ecclesiastes et Canticum canticorum. — Hujus codicis pars decimo, pars undecimo saeculo videtur exarata.

Sancti Martialis Lemovicensis

Aurifodina universalis scientiarum divinarum atque humanarum exfontibus aureis sanctorum patrum concilorum, doctorum, nec non paganorum fere ducentorum tam in theologia, quam in philosophia persententias plusquam ...

UANL