A UML profile for the OBO relation ontology

Background: Ontologies have increasingly been used in the biomedical domain, which has prompted the emergence of different initiatives to facilitate their development and integration. The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry consortium provides a repository of life-science ontologies, which are developed according to a set of shared principles. This consortium has developed an ontology called OBO Relation Ontology aiming at standardizing the different types of biological entity classes and associated relationships. Since ontologies are primarily intended to be used by humans, the use of graphical notations for ontology development facilitates the capture, comprehension and communication of knowledge between its users. However, OBO Foundry ontologies are captured and represented basically using text-based notations. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) provides a standard and widely-used graphical notation for modeling computer systems. UML provides a well-defined set of modeling elements, which can be extended using a built-in extension mechanism named Profile. Thus, this work aims at developing a UML profile for the OBO Relation Ontology to provide a domain-specific set of modeling elements that can be used to create standard UML-based ontologies in the biomedical domain. Results: We have studied the OBO Relation Ontology, the UML metamodel and the UML profiling mechanism. Based on these studies, we have proposed an extension to the UML metamodel in conformance with the OBO Relation Ontology and we have defined a profile that implements the extended metamodel. Finally, we have applied the proposed UML profile in the development of a number of fragments from different ontologies. Particularly, we have considered the Gene Ontology (GO), the PRotein Ontology (PRO) and the Xenopus Anatomy and Development Ontology (XAO). Conclusions: The use of an established and well-known graphical language in the development of biomedical ontologies provides a more intuitive form of capturing and representing knowledge than using only text-based notations. The use of the profile requires the domain expert to reason about the underlying semantics of the concepts and relationships being modeled, which helps preventing the introduction of inconsistencies in an ontology under development and facilitates the identification and correction of errors in an already defined ontology.

Three centered hydrogen bonds of the type C=O...H(N)...X-C in diphenyloxamide derivatives involving halogens and a rotating CF3 group: NMR, QTAIM, NCI and NBO studies

The existence of three centered C=O...H(N)...X-C hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) involving organic fluorine and other halogens in diphenyloxamide derivatives has been explored by NMR spectroscopy and quantum theoretical studies. The three centered H-bond with the participation of a rotating CF3 group and the F...H-N intramolecular hydrogen bonds, a rare observation of its kind in organofluorine compounds, has been detected. It is also unambiguously established by a number of one and two dimensional NMR experiments, such as temperature perturbation, solvent titration, N-15-H-1 HSQC, and F-19-H-1 HOESY, and is also confirmed by theoretical calculations, such as quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), natural bond orbital (NBO) and non-covalent interaction (NCI).

Analysis of Spanish text-thesaurus as a complex network

[EN]Based on the theoretical tools of Complex Networks, this work provides a basic descriptive study of a synonyms dictionary, the Spanish Open Thesaurus represented as a graph. We study the main structural measures of the network compared with those of a random graph. Numerical results show that Open-Thesaurus is a graph whose topological properties approximate a scale-free network, but seems not to present the small-world property because of its sparse structure. We also found that the words of highest betweenness centrality are terms that suggest the vocabulary of psychoanalysis: placer (pleasure), ayudante (in the sense of assistant or worker), and regular (to regulate).

Usos educativos del material Thesaurus para la enseñanza de las matemáticas

En este artículo analizamos los tipos de tareas que se pueden realizar con Thesaurus, un diccionario multimedia de matemáticas en red, utilizando el aula de informática para la clase de matemáticas en la ESO. Asimismo valoramos su influencia en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas. El estudio se centra en el diseño y puesta en práctica de unidades didácticas de geometría con Thesaurus y en el análisis de los resultados de pruebas piloto realizadas por distintos grupos de alumnos.

A Bilingual Thesaurus of Everyday Life in Medieval England: Some Issues at the Interface of Semantics and Lexicography

This paper reports on issues at the interface between semantics and lexicography that arose out of the data collection and classification of vocabulary in Anglo-Norman and Middle English in order to create a bilingual thesaurus of everyday life in medieval England. The Bilingual Thesaurus project is based at Birmingham City University and the University of Westminster. Issues to be resolved included the definition of an occupational domain; the creation of a methodology of data collection; the delimitation of domain-specific vocabulary; making distinctions between sense and usage; and the categorisation of the lexical items. Some of these issues are general to thesaurus-making, some are specific to the making of historical thesauruses, while some are unique to the production of a thesaurus of two languages whose use overlapped for several centuries in the late medieval period in England.

Thesaurus of english words and phrases classified and arranged so asto facilitate the expression of ideas and assiet in literary composition

UANL

Gradus ad Parnassum, sive, Novus synonymorum, epitethorum, phrasium poeticarum, ac versuum thesaurus : Smetium, Januam Musarum, Delectum epithetorum, Parnassum poticum, Elegantias poticas, thesaurum Virgilii, aliosque omnes id genus libros ad posin necessarios complectens : inquo singulis syllabis appositae sunt notae quantitatis indices, un cumpotarum testimoniis ordine alphabetico adjunctis . : addita sunt genera & crementa omnia nominum ac verborum, praeterita & supina : acceduntquae ex historia, fabul & geographi ad poticam artem conferunt .

UANL

Thesaurus biblicus, hocest dicta sententiae, et exempla ex S. S. Bibliis collecta et per locos communers distributa, ad usum concionandi & disputandi

UANL

Thesaurus sacerdotum et clericorum

UANL

Ephemerides: sacrae et profanae, thesaurus temporarum in quartortempora

UANL

Thesaurus Indicus, seu, Generalis instructor pro regimine conscientiae, in iis quae ad Indias spectant

UANL

Usos educativos del material Thesaurus para la enseñanza de las matemáticas.

Se presenta Thesaurus, un diccionario multimedia de matemáticas en red para utilizar en el aula de informática durante la clase de matemáticas en la ESO. Además se estudia la influencia que tiene este diccionario en el desarrollo de las competencias matemáticas. Se profundiza en el diseño y en la puesta práctica de unidades didácticas de geometría con Thesaurus y el análisis de los resultados de pruebas piloto realizadas por distintos grupos de alumnos.

First fun thesaurus.

Introduce a los niños en el mundo de las palabras, sus orígenes, significados, sinónimos y antónimos. Cada página presenta una palabra clave escogida cuidadosamente con un máximo de diez sinónimos, cada uno con su propia definición, y el ejemplo para situarla en el contexto de una oración de uso cotidiano. Esto ayuda a los niños a mejorar sus habilidades de escritura y a enriquecer su vocabulario, puesto que aprenden a elegir las palabras alternativas en las frases. El índice de la contraportada ofrece una guía de referencias cruzadas a todas las palabras clave y sus sinónimos.

Kingfisher first thesaurus.

En este tesauro se han seleccionado más de un centenar de palabras de uso común y con ellas se enumeran otras palabras con significados similares. En cada entrada se da la parte de la oración, una definición y una frase ilustrativa. Los sinónimos aparecen en la lista con una frase para ejemplificar su uso. A veces, sinónimos y antónimos se enumeran al final de una entrada. En los márgenes hay referencias cruzadas de otras palabras en orden alfabético.