Da necessidade de se adotar e divulgar esquemas terapêuticos para tratamento de leishmaniose tegumentar no Paraná

A leishmaniose tegumentar tem mostrado caráter endêmico no Norte-Noroeste do Paraná, em áreas que vêm sendo ocupadas desde os anos 40, onde persistem matas residuais com modificações bastante acentuadas. A infecção tem atingido sobretudo adultos do sexo masculino, mas também vem sendo constatada em mulheres e crianças, e por vezes em diversos componentes de uma mesma família. Investigou-se 513 casos de leishmaniose tegumentar notificados pela SUC AM, com informações de terem tido apenas diagnóstico clínico, de janeiro de 1987 a agosto de 1989, os quais iniciaram o tratamento com Glucantime®, em Centros de Saúde do Estado ou na própria SUCAM. De 513 pacientes tratados 260 (50,67%) tiveram alta por cura clínica e os 253 (49,33%) restantes não retornaram para verificação da cura clínica ou abandonaram o tratamento. A quantidade de ampolas de Glucantime® fornecidas para os pacientes oscilou de 10 a mais de 200, com ou sem intervalo durante o tratamento, sendo que 217 (85,46%) dos 260 casos receberam de 10 a 75 ampolas. A ocorrência de leishmaniose em 163 (31,75%) mulheres e em 34 (6,62%) crianças, de ambos os sexos, até dez anos de idade, sugere a transmissão domiciliar. Não se sabe se os 253 (49,33%) indivíduos que não retornaram ou abandonaram o tratamento seguiram a prescrição terapêutica e se restabeleceram. O elevado número de indivíduos que não retornou ou abandonou o tratamento mostra a necessidade de maior conscientização das conseqüências que podem advir do tratamento incompleto. APOIO: Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva.

Aesthetic and functional ocular rehabilitation

The ocular losses are embarrassing to the bearer because they commit the face which has the essential organs for the human relationship. The present study shows the multidiscipline interaction in the treatment of a child who lost his left eye victim of a fire gun and needed an ocular plastic surgery for a correct prosthesis insertion. The ocular prosthesis fills in the ocular cavity simulating the facial growth and restoring its symmetry. Therefore, there are aesthetics, anatomic and physiological improvement on the child's face that allows her to be reinstated in society without being discriminated for her differences. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Respostas cardiopulmonares agudas de mulheres no treinamento de força

OBJETIVE: Investigate the cardiopulmonary responses of one strength training session in young women. METHOD: Twenty-three women aged between 18 and 29 years participated in this study. All the volunteers were submitted to the following tests: cardiopulmonary and one-repetition maximum (1-RM). The strength training protocol had emphasis on muscular hypertrophy, three sets from eight to twelve repetitions under 70% of 1-RM, with a one minute thirty-second break between sets. During the training session, the cardiopulmonary variables were measured with a metabolic gas analyzer and a telemetry module. RESULTS: The results of the oxygen consumption in the training session were from 8.43 + 1.76 ml/kg/min and of the heart rate of 108.08 + 15.26 bpm. The results of the oxygen consumption and of the heart rate in the training were lower (p < 0.01) than in the ventilatory threshold and of the oxygen consumption and the heart rate reserves. CONCLUSION: The obtained data show that the present protocol of strength training provided low overload to the cardiopulmonary system of young women.

Variabilidade amostral das séries mensais de precipitação pluvial em duas regiões do Brasil: Pelotas-RS e Campinas-SP

O presente trabalho avaliou a variabilidade amostral dos parâmetros da distribuição gama, relativos a séries mensais de precipitação pluvial, nas regiões de Campinas-SP e Pelotas-RS, que têm dados para os períodos de 1890-2006 e 1890-2005, respectivamente. Assim, os espaços amostrais considerados foram de 58, 39 e 29 anos para Campinas e 58 e 29 anos para Pelotas. As análises foram feitas usando o teste da razão da máxima verossimilhança. Os resultados apontaram significativas alterações amostrais. Não houve indicações de tendências contínuas (redução ou aumento) no regime mensal de precipitação pluvial na região de Campinas-SP. Em contrapartida, esse teste indicou, para a localidade de Pelotas-RS, tendência de elevação no regime desse elemento meteorológico ocorrida entre as amostras relativas aos anos de 1948 a 1976 e 1977 a 2005.

Association between nutritional status and blood pressure in schoolchildren

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between nutritional status and blood pressure in adolescents from a private school. Were recruited 316 young of both gender with age raging from 11 to 15 years old. Were measured body mass, stature, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The statistic procedures were composed by median, interquartile range, chi-square test and Poisson regression. The prevalence of overweight and high blood pressure was significantly higher in boys (38% and 24%, respectively) when compared to girls (19.3% and 14.4%, respectively). Overweight adolescents presented a higher risk (about 2-fold) to develop high blood pressure. In conclusion, overweight seems to be associate with high blood pressure in adolescents.

Migration in Afro-Brazilian Rural Communities: Crossing Demographic and Genetic Data

Many studies have used genetic markers to understand global migration patterns of our species. However, there are only few studies of human migration on a local scale. We, therefore, researched migration dynamics in three Afro-Brazilian rural communities, using demographic data and ten Ancestry Informative Markers. In addition to the description of migration and marriage structures, we carried out genetic comparisons between the three populations, as well as between locals and migrants from each community. Genetic admixture analyses were conducted according to the gene-identity method, with Sub-Saharan Africans, Amerindians, and Europeans as parental populations. The three analyzed Afro-Brazilian rural communities consisted of 16% to 30% of migrants, most of them women. The age pyramid revealed a gap in the segment of men aged between 20 to 30 yrs. While endogamous marriages predominated, exogamous marriages were mainly patrilocal. Migration dynamics are apparently associated with matrimonial customs and other social practices of such communities. The impact of migration upon the populations` genetic composition was low but showed an increase in European alleles with a concomitant decrease in the Amerindian contribution. Admixture analysis evidenced a higher African contribution to the gene pool of the studied populations, followed by the contribution of Europeans and Amerindians, respectively.

Long-Term Evaluation in Aesthetic Rhinoplasty in an Academic Referral Center

Plastic surgery is based on improving esthetic for the patient. In most services, the surgery outcome is evaluated in a subjective manner. Aim: to objectively assess the degree of patient satisfaction one year after rhinoplasty using the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation questionnaire at a referral academic center. Materials and Methods: 69 patients operated in the otorhinolaryngology service were selected. The patients were operated upon by third year residents during the period from January to December 2007 and answered the questionnaire translated by the authors of this study. Results: we obtained a mean value of 73.25% of satisfaction for primary rhinoplasty and a mean value of 72.02% of satisfaction for secondary rhinoplasty. Conclusion: the level of satisfaction presented by the patients was considered to be very good.

Carios mimon (Acari: Argasidae): description of adults and redescription of larva

Carios mimon is an argasid tick common on Chiroptera, originally described from larvae collected on bats Mimon crenulatum from Bolivia and Eptesicus brasiliensis from Uruguay. Later it was also registered from Argentina and recently included among the Brazilian tick fauna. In Brazil, this species is very aggressive to man, resulting in intense inflammatory response and pain. It is known only by the larval description and its morphology resembles that from other species currently included into the genus Carios, formerly classified into the subgenus Alectorobius, genus Ornithodoros. Here we describe adults and redescribe the larva of C. mimon, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Remarks about its morphological similarity with other species of this genus are also discussed. Molecular analysis inferred from a portion of the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene placed C. mimon in a cluster supported by maximal bootstrap value (100%) with other argasid species (mostly bat parasites in the New World), which have been classified into either the genus Ornithodoros or Carios, depending on the Argasidae classification adopted by different authors.

Rickettsia in Synanthropic and Domestic Animals and Their Hosts from Two Areas of Low Endemicity for Brazilian Spotted Fever in the Eastern Region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

The aim of this study was to understand the current epidemiology of rickettsial diseases in two rickettsial-endemic regions in Brazil. In the municipalities of Pingo D`Agua and Santa Cruz do Escalvado, among serum samples obtained from horses and dogs, reactivity by immunofluorescent assay against spotted fever group rickettsiae was verified. In some serum samples from opossums (Didelphis aurita) captured in Santa Cruz do Escalvado, serologic response against rickettsiae was also verified. Polymerase chain reaction identified rickettsiae only in ticks and fleas obtained in Santa Cruz do Escalvado. Rickettsiae in samples had 100% sequence homology with Rickettsia fells. These results highlight the importance of marsupials in maintenance of the sylvatic cycle of rickettsial disease and potential integration with the domestic cycle. Our data also support the importance of horses and dogs as sentinels in monitoring circulation of rickettsiae in an urban area.

Uso de aminoetoxivinilglicina na maturação e queda pré-colheita de maçãs 'Imperial Gala'

O uso de técnicas de controle da maturação dos frutos é fundamental na produção de macieiras 'Gala', no intuito de aumentar a capacidade de conservação dos frutos e diminuir a queda de frutos em pré-colheita. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses, épocas de aplicação e parcelamento de aplicações de aminoetoxivinilglicina (AVG), sobre a maturação e queda pré-colheita de maçãs 'Imperial Gala'. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial, no município de Fraiburgo/SC. Utilizando-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições, compostas por uma planta cada, foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: 1. testemunha (sem aplicação); 2. 120 g ha-1 de AVG, aplicados 4 semanas antes do ponto de colheita presumido (SAPC); 3. 60 g ha-1 de AVG (4 SAPC) + 60 g ha-1 de AVG (2 SAPC); 4. 30 g ha-1 de AVG (2 SAPC) + 30 g ha-1 de AVG no ponto de colheita (PC); 5. 90 g ha-1 de AVG (2 SAPC); 6. 30 g ha-1 de AVG (1 SAPC) + 30 g ha-1 de AVG (ponto de colheita - PC) + 30 g ha-1 de AVG (7 dias após o ponto de colheita - DAPC). O uso de AVG, independentemente da época, concentração e parcelamento das aplicações, reduziu a queda pré-colheita de maçãs 'Imperial Gala'. O grau de amarelamento da epiderme dos frutos mostra-se menor em frutos tratados com AVG. O atraso no início da colheita, proporcionado pelo AVG, determinou aumento da massa média dos frutos e os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a aplicação de 30 g ha-1 de AVG (2 SAPC) + 30 g ha-1 de AVG (PC) + 30 g ha-1 de AVG (7 DAPC).