Probing the Mechanical Properties of Magnetosome Chains in Living Magnetotactic Bacteria

The mechanical properties of cytoskeletal networks are intimately involved in determining how forces and cellular processes are generated, directed, and transmitted in living cells. However, determining the mechanical properties of subcellular molecular complexes in vivo has proven to be difficult. Here, we combine in vivo measurements by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy with theoretical modeling to decipher the mechanical properties of the magnetosome chain system encountered in magnetotactic bacteria. We exploit the magnetic properties of the endogenous intracellular nanoparticles to apply a force on the filament-connector pair involved in the backbone formation and stabilization. We show that the magnetosome chain can be broken by the application of external field strength higher than 30 mT and suggest that this originates from the rupture of the magnetosome connector MamJ. In addition, we calculate that the biological determinants can withstand in vivo a force of 25 pN. This quantitative understanding provides insights for the design of functional materials such as actuators and sensors using cellular components.

Spondylostrobus F. Mueller: operculate fruits of an extinct dicotyledon from the mid-Tertiary of Australia

Spondylostrobus F. Mueller, which accommodates operculate fruit-stones reported only from the mid-Tertiary of Australia, is redefined on the basis of type and other specimens of the type species, S. smythii F. Mueller, and of specimens included in S. rozefeldsii sp. nov. The globose to ellipsoidal fruits have 3-6 locules symmetrically disposed around a massive fibrous axis. Each locule has a single anatropous ovule, axile placentation, and a dorsal germination operculum that extends from near the base to the apex. In possessing these characters Spondylostrobus more closely resembles operculate fruits within the tribe Spondiadeae (Anacardiaceae) than operculate fruits of other dicotyledonous families. Spondylostrobus has widespread distribution in Oligocene-Miocene sediments of eastern Australia. At many localities it is associated with fruit-stones having affinities with extant taxa that now occur in rainforests, monsoonal forests, and fringing communities of northern Australia. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Gunder Frank revisitado : um “sistema mundo” francamente único

Revista Lusófona de Ciências Sociais

O monstro e o duplo na criação cénica de Still Frank

Esta reflexão concretiza o Trabalho de Projecto que consiste na criação e encenação de um concerto intitulado Still Frank, com textos originais do poeta e dramaturgo Daniel Jonas e música de Rui Lima, Sérgio Martins e Pedro Cardoso. O espectáculo está inserido no programa da companhia Teatro Bruto e foi apresentado no TeCA – Teatro Carlos Alberto, em Dezembro de 2010, na cidade do Porto. Pretendo com a criação deste objecto cénico reflectir sobre a dualidade intrínseca ao processo de criação, na relação do criador com a criatura, do encenador com o espectáculo, do actor com a personagem, do real com a ficção. A criação como algo que, sendo proveniente do indivíduo, posteriormente ganha forma numa entidade autónoma que sobrevive ao sujeito a partir do qual se originou e se duplicou e com o qual partilha uma identificação. O conceito de duplo, de monstro e o mito «Frankenstein» estarão na base de toda a pesquisa e fundamentação para a criação do espectáculo Still Frank e, na minha reflexão teórica, devidamente distanciada do objecto cénico criado. Mas este trabalho não se detém somente na análise e reflexão do processo de encenação de Still Frank; ele consubstancia o meu percurso enquanto encenadora, cenógrafa e figurinista, indissociável do projecto artístico da companhia Teatro Bruto, nascida nos anos noventa, na cidade do Porto, e do trabalho de partilha e identificação artística de um núcleo de criadores com quem tenho colaborado.

USE OF MUELLER-HINTON BROTH AND AGAR IN THE GERM TUBE TEST

Candida albicans is often isolated from clinical samples, thus its presumptive differentiation from other species of the same genus can be based on its ability to form the germ tube in human serum. Nevertheless, there are two other species that share this characteristic: C. dubliniensis and C. africana. The aim of this study was to compare four different substrates to perform the germ tube (GT) test. The Candida spp. isolates were identified using a manual system (135 C. albicans, 24 C. tropicalis and one C. dubliniensis). The germ tube test was performed with fresh, previously frozen serum and Mueller-Hinton (MH) broth and agar. GT was observed in 96% (130/136) of the isolates through the fresh serum technique, 94% (128/136) through previously frozen serum, 92% (125/136) in MH agar, and 90% (122/136) in MH broth. The sensitivity of each test was higher than 90%, with 100% specificity. Both the MH agar and broth were able to identify the true positives, and false positives were not found. However, some C. albicans isolates were not identified. MH agar and broth may be used in laboratory for the rapid presumptive identification of C. albicans, as an alternative method for germ tube test.

Flora australiensis:a description of the plants of the Australian territory /by George Bentham, assisted by Ferdinand Mueller.

v. 1

Flora australiensis:a description of the plants of the Australian territory /by George Bentham, assisted by Ferdinand Mueller.

v. 2

Fragmenta phytographiæ Australiæ /contulit Ferdinandus Mueller.

v.1 1858-59

Fragmenta phytographiæ Australiæ /contulit Ferdinandus Mueller.

v.2 1860-61

Fragmenta phytographiæ Australiæ /contulit Ferdinandus Mueller.

v.3 1862-63