O ensino da Língua Portuguesa nas escolas públicas do estado do Rio de Janeiro: prescritivo ou produtivo?

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar como tem sido o ensino de Língua Portuguesa na Rede Pública de Ensino do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no século XXI, a partir das orientações curriculares prescritas pela Secretaria de Estado de Educação, buscando investigar se se trata de um ensino prescritivo ou produtivo. Para tanto, toma-se como objeto de análise a proposta curricular para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa, produzida no documento de Reorientação Curricular entregue às escolas em 2006 e no documento atual conhecido como Currículo Mínimo. Nessa proposta, é objeto de análise o discurso do documento oficial no que tange à concepção de linguagem priorizada e ao objetivo do ensino da língua materializado através do que ele apresenta como objeto de ensino das aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Esta pesquisa toma como estratégia metodológica a análise documental, utilizando a abordagem sócio-histórica na pesquisa qualitativa de inspiração bakhtiniana. A base teórica que sustenta, principalmente, esta pesquisa é a teoria da enunciação de Mikhail Bakhtin e postulados de Halliday, McIntosh e Strevens (1974) acerca do ensino prescritivo e produtivo da língua

A pedagogia das competências como política curricular do ensino médio na rede pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: a hegemonia da formação flexível?

A presente dissertação busca realizar uma reflexão sobre a hegemonia da pedagogia das competências como noção orientadora da proposta curricular do ensino médio na rede estadual de educação do Rio de Janeiro. Para alcançar tal objetivo buscamos verificar,através de analises de documentos oficiais, referenciais teóricos e da observação da estruturação do sistema educacional fluminense, o quanto se tem promovido a formação flexível como padrão a ser desenvolvido entre os discentes da rede. Buscou-se analisar, em um primeiro momento, a configuração do Estado capitalista, suas características principais e as mudanças referentes ao neoliberalismo. Procurou-se, em seguida, realizar uma reflexão acerca da cultura e da práxis profissional dos docentes, buscando elencar a construção de ações profissionais permeadas por princípios do capitalismo. Realizamos também uma aproximação ao conhecimento acerca do currículo, sua organização histórica e representatividade na atividade docente. Como última etapa do trabalho, buscamos realizar uma análise da proposta curricular do estado do Rio de Janeiro, indicando a centralidade que a pedagogia das competências assume no documento oficial. Analisamos, ainda, o plano de metas da SEEDUC-RJ, identificando algumas características do plano e sua articulação com a lógica da formação flexível. Por fim, realizamos, ainda, entrevistas com alguns docentes, visando a atestar fragilidades e inconsistências do currículo mínimo e da lógica formativa. Ao final, foi possível constatar como o modelo neoliberal tem espalhado suas orientações por todo o estado fluminense. Ainda explicitamos o alinhamento entre as noções globais e a materialização dessas noções no ensino local, mostrando a pedagogia das competências como dimensão formativa atrelada aos anseios de um saber fazer distante da formação emancipatória do homem.

A dinâmica curricular da educação física na Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro

A tese analisa a dinâmica curricular da educação física na Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SEEDUC) a partir dos pressupostos do ciclo de políticas curriculares de Ball e Bowe (1992). A fim de compreender a amplitude das políticas curriculares da SEEDUC, o estudo investiga os contextos da dinâmica curricular e o modo com o qual se articulam. Para o contexto das influências, as notícias e informes publicados no site da SEEDUC e da Secretaria de Estado de Esporte e Lazer constituem as nossas fontes. Foram catalogados e analisados 117 documentos. Para o contexto da construção curricular foram realizadas entrevistas com três dos professores que foram responsáveis pela construção do Currículo Mínimo para a educação física da SEEDUC, publicado no ano de 2012. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise de todos os documentos curriculares prescritivos que compõem o Currículo Mínimo. Para o contexto da prática curricular foram entrevistados oito professores de educação física e duas de língua portuguesa que estavam, no momento das entrevistas, atuando como professores de escolas da SEEDUC. As análises dos dados nos permitem as seguintes inferências: as políticas curriculares da SEEDUC se direcionam primordialmente para a obtenção de melhorias nos índices de qualidade da educação no estado, aferidos através de avaliações externas de larga escala; essas políticas estão associadas ao regime de verdade da performaticidade (BALL, 2005), uma vez que têm como pressupostos básicos a padronização, o controle e a meritocracia; a vinculação com a pedagogia das competências complementa esse pacote de performatividades; as disposições críticas do grupo de professores de educação física que construiu o Currículo Mínimo concorreram com e, em alguma medida, subverteram as políticas da performatividade da SEEDUC, de tal modo que os documentos prescritivos têm a marca da ambivalência do controle e da diversidade; os professores de educação física que lidam com a prática curricular não compartilham as disposições críticas dos professores que construíram as prescrições, e fazem suas traduções curriculares influenciados pelas problemáticas inerentes do cotidiano; entre elas, se destaca o traço da cultura escolar que toma os tempos e espaços da educação física na escola como os lugares do gosto e da liberdade; a comparação das traduções curriculares dos professores de educação física com as de língua portuguesa contribuiu para iluminar algumas características da dinâmica curricular da educação física, especialmente os impactos distintos que as sistematizações curriculares tiveram no cotidiano; para as professoras de língua portuguesa as novas sistematizações presentes no Currículo Mínimo repercutiram em desestabilizações de tradições, para os de educação física significaram a possibilidade de um norte.

A evolução histórica da formação do professor de 2. grau nas Faculdades de Educação ou unidades equivalentes

A educação vem sofrendo graves, permanentes e contundentes críticas quanto a sua produtividade, eficácia e eficiência. O ataque sistemático às escolas, e em especial às destinadas à preparação de professores, e uma constante em países do Velho, do Terceiro e do Novo Mundo. Todos concordam que a função docente exige competência profissional, sendo a sua ausência a principal responsavel pelas lacunas, insuficiências e deficiências do processo educacional. Acredita-se que a situação ensino-aprendizagem proporcionada por uma atividade didática bem orientada seja um fator de suma importância para a eficácia e eficiência de um sistema de ensino. Considerando a expansão do ensino de 2o grau, que o levou a perder muito do seu caráter acadêmico e seletivo, optou-se pelo estudo da formação do professor que a ele se destina. Com a finalidade de verificar o tipo de formação que o professor de 2o grau vem recebendo e as consequências deste no seu desempenho profissional. Analisa-se criticamente a evolução histérica de sua formação, no Brasil, e procede-se a um estudo dos currículos dos cursos de licenciatura das Faculdades de Educação, ou Unidades Equivalentes, do Estado do Espírito Santo. Verifica-se que estas, de modo geral, adotam o currículo mínimo proposto pelo Conselho Federal de Educação. Sabe-se que o ensino de 2o grau, atualmente, destina-se a alunos provenientes das mais diversas classes sociais, sendo os seus objetivos bem mais amplos que antes verifica-se que as alterações curriculares limitam-se a uma improdutiva ampliação ou diminuição de carga horária e de disciplinas. Deduz-se que a Faculdade de Educação não trouxe nenhuma inovação significativa no que concerne ao currículo de formação pedagógica de professor de 2o grau,o que dá procedência às críticas negativas que a mesma vem recebendo. Recomenda-se a realização de pesquisas de campo e o estudo de propostas curriculares objetivando obter subardias para a reformulação dos currículos atuais.

A formação graduada em psicologia no Brasil: reflexão sobre os principais dilemas em um contexto pos-DCN

Criticism done to the undergraduate training process of the psychologist in Brazil raised debates known as "dilemmas of training". In recent years the classic training model, based on the Minimum Curriculum has undergone a series of changes after the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCN), modifying the context of courses. Thus, this paper aimed to investigate, in a post- DCN context how undergraduate courses in Psychology in Brazil have been dealing with the dilemmas of training. So, we decided to analyze the Course Pedagogical Projects (CPPs) of Psychology in the country. Forty CPPs, selected by region, academic organization and legal status were collected. The data was grouped into three blocks of discussions: theoretical, philosophical and pedagogical foundations; curriculum emphases and disciplines; and professional practices. The results were grouped into four sets of dilemmas: a) ethical and political; b) theoreticalepistemological; c) professional practice of the psychologist and d) academic-scientific. Courses claim a socially committed, generalist, pluralistic training, focusing on research, non-dissociation of teaching-research-extension, interdisciplinary training and defending a vision of man and of critical and reflective and non-individualistic psychology. The curriculum keeps the almost exclusive teaching of the classical areas of traditional fields of applied Psychology. Training is content based. The clinic is hegemonic, both in theory and in application fields. The historical debate is scarce and themes linked to the Brazilian reality are missing, despite having social policies present in the curricula. Currently, DCNs have a much greater impact on courses due to the influence of the control agencies, fruit of current educational policy, and the result is felt in the homogenization of curriculum discourses

Ensino de arquitetura e concepção de professores sobre acessibilidade, inclusão social, desenvolvimento humano e deficiência

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

A formação do professor de educação física no Pará: o que revela a história do currículo do curso de educação física da Universidade Estadual do Pará?

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a história do currículo do curso de formação de professores de Educação Física da Universidade do Estado do Pará, nos anos de 1970 a 2007. Utilizou-se, como método de trabalho, a pesquisa documental a partir da análise dos regimentos, das matrizes curriculares e do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) de 1999 do Curso de Educação Física da Universidade do Estado do Pará, da resolução do Conselho Federal de Educação n 69/1969, que determinava o currículo mínimo, criava a licenciatura em Educação Física e mantinha o técnico desportivo; da Resolução CFE n 03/87, que preconizava a formação em licenciatura plena e/ou bacharelado; da Resolução CNE/CES n 07/2004, que institui as Diretrizes Curriculares para os cursos de Graduação em Educação Física; da Resolução n 01/2002, que trata das Diretrizes Curriculares para os cursos de formação de professores de Educação Básica em nível superior com licenciatura plena; e da Resolução n 02/2002, que institui a duração e a carga horária dos cursos de formação de professores de Educação Básica em nível superior. Conclui-se que o curso, através de seus currículos, apresenta antes do PPP 1999, uma concepção de curso desportivizado e um perfil de profissional compatível com o de técnico desportivo, acrítico, ahistórico e, após o PPP 1999, adquire uma outra concepção, direcionada para a docência, expressa no trabalho pedagógico em diferentes campos de trabalho, evidenciando um perfil de profissional com caráter ampliado, generalista, humanista, crítico e reflexivo, pautado em princípios éticos, políticos, pedagógicos e com base no rigor científico.

Análise dos conteúdos de língua portuguesa do “Programa Ler e Escrever” em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Standards, teacher judgement and moderation in contexts of national curriculum and assessment reform

This paper puts forward a proposal for reviewing the role and purpose of standards in the context of national curriculum and assessment reform more generally. It seeks to commence the much-needed conversation about standards in the work of teachers as distinct from large-scale testing companies and the policy personnel responsible for reporting. Four key conditions that relate to the effective use of standards to measure improvement and support learning are analysed: clarity about purpose and function; understanding of the representation of standards; moderation practice; and the assessment community. The Queensland experience of the use of standards, teacher judgement and moderation is offered to identify what is educationally preferable in terms of their use and their relationships to curriculum, improvement and accountability. The article illustrates how these practices have recently been challenged by emerging political constraints related to the Australian Government’s implementation of national testing and national partnership funding arrangements tied to the performance of students at or below minimum standards.

Implementing the self-management threshold learning outcome for law : some intentional design strategies from the current curriculum toolbox

There is a growing awareness of the high levels of psychological distress being experienced by law students and the practising profession in Australia. In this context, a Threshold Learning Outcome (TLO) on self-management has been included in the six TLOs recently articulated as minimum learning outcomes for all Australian graduates of the Bachelor of Laws degree (LLB). The TLOs were developed during 2010 as part of the Australian Learning and Teaching Council’s (ALTC’s) project funded by the Australian Government to articulate ‘Learning and Teaching Academic Standards’. The TLOs are the result of a comprehensive national consultation process led by the ALTC’s Discipline Scholars: Law, Professors Sally Kift and Mark Israel.1 The TLOs have been endorsed by the Council of Australian Law Deans (CALD) and have received broad support from members of the judiciary and practising profession, representative bodies of the legal profession, law students and recent graduates, Legal Services Commissioners and the Law Admissions Consultative Committee. At the time of writing, TLOs for the Juris Doctor (JD) are also being developed, utilising the TLOs articulated for the LLB as their starting point but restating the JD requirements as the higher order outcomes expected of graduates of a ‘Masters Degree (Extended)’, this being the award level designation for the JD now set out in the new Australian Qualifications Framework.2 As Australian law schools begin embedding the learning, teaching and assessment of the TLOs in their curricula, and seek to assure graduates’ achievement of them, guidance on the implementation of the self-management TLO is salient and timely.

European undergraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine developed using an international modified Delphi technique.

INTRODUCTION the rise in the number of older, frail adults necessitates that future doctors are adequately trained in the skills of geriatric medicine. Few countries have dedicated curricula in geriatric medicine at the undergraduate level. The aim of this project was to develop a consensus among geriatricians on a curriculum with the minimal requirements that a medical student should achieve by the end of medical school. METHODS a modified Delphi process was used. First, educational experts and geriatricians proposed a set of learning objectives based on a literature review. Second, three Delphi rounds involving a panel with 49 experts representing 29 countries affiliated to the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) was used to gain consensus for a final curriculum. RESULTS the number of disagreements following Delphi Rounds 1 and 2 were 81 and 53, respectively. Complete agreement was reached following the third round. The final curriculum consisted of detailed objectives grouped under 10 overarching learning outcomes. DISCUSSION a consensus on the minimum requirements of geriatric learning objectives for medical students has been agreed by European geriatricians. Major efforts will be needed to implement these requirements, given the large variation in the quality of geriatric teaching in medical schools. This curriculum is a first step to help improve teaching of geriatrics in medical schools, and will also serve as a basis for advancing postgraduate training in geriatrics across Europe.

Health and safety in the construction : subject pending to be included in the curriculum of architecture in Spain

The art of construction is a risky activity that directly affects the life and physical integrity of persons. Since the approval of Law 31/1995, of November 8, Prevention of Occupational Risks was the first legislation that established the current basis in all sectors and then transposed into Spanish law Directive 92/57/CEE called Royal Decree 1627/1997 of October 24, on minimum safety and health dispositions in construction works, measures have been proposed to develop a mixed body of scientific literature composed of researchers and professionals in the field of occupational safety and health, but even today there is still no clear and firm proposal, showing a lack of awareness in the occupational risk prevention and, therefore, a consolidation of the culture of prevention in society. Therefore, the technicians, who make up the building process, can incur in very high responsibilities, such as: Author of the project, Coordinator of Safety and Health during the preparation of the project and during the execution of works, Site Management: Site Manager. This involves the immediate creation of a general training in prevention for all architects starting when still studying, as well as specific training, appropriate and complementary to all the architects that will be devoted to the specialty of occupational safety and health in construction works. That is, first, we must make the responsible bodies aware of the urgent need to integrate risk prevention in the curricula of architecture and later in the continuing education of the profession. It is necessary that our teaching must conform to the laws on safety and health, due to the fact that the law recognizes our academic degrees and professional qualifications to perform functions in that area

Sharing Narratives Online: An international, self-organising curriculum in rural health

The aim of the Rural Medicine Rotation (RMR) at the University of Queensland (UQ) is to give all third year medical students exposure to and an understanding of, clinical practice in Australian rural or remote locations. A difficulty in achieving this is the relatively short period of student clinical placements, in only one or two rural or remote locations. A web-based Clinical Discussion Board (CDB) has been introduced to address this problem by allowing students at various rural sites to discuss their rural experiences and clinical issues with each other. The rationale is to encourage an understanding of the breadth and depth of rural medicine through peer-based learning. Students are required to submit a minimum of four contributions over the course of their six week rural placement. Analysis of student usage patterns shows that the majority of students exceeded the minimum submission criteria indicating motivation rather than compulsion to contribute to the CDB. There is clear evidence that contributing or responding to the CDB develops studentâ??s critical thinking skills by giving and receiving assistance from peers, challenging attitudes and beliefs and stimulating reflective thought. This is particularly evident in regard to issues involving ethics or clinical uncertainty, subject areas that are not in the medical undergraduate curriculum, yet are integral to real-world medical practice. The CDB has proved to be a successful way to understand the concerns and interests of third year medical students immersed in their RMR and also in demonstrating how technology can help address the challenge of supporting students across large geographical areas. We have recently broadened this approach by including students from the Rural Program at The Ohio State University College of Medicine. This important international exchange of ideas and approaches to learning is expected to broaden clinical training content and improve understanding of rural issues.

Deprofessionalization of curriculum decision -making

The purpose of this study was to analyze the evolution of Florida state level policy efforts and to assess the responding educational policy development and implementation at the local school district level. The focus of this study was the secondary language arts curriculum in Miami-Dade County Public Schools. ^ Data was collected using document analysis as a source of meaning making out of the language sets proffered by agencies at each level. A matrix was created based on Klein's levels of curriculum decision-making and Functional Process Theory categories of policy formation. The matrix allowed the researcher to code and classify specific information in terms accountability/high-stakes testing; authority; outside influences; and operational/structural organization. ^ Federal policy documents provided a background and impetus for much of what originated at the State level. The State then produced policy directives which were accepted by the District and specific policy directives and guidelines for practice. No evidence was found indicating the involvement of any other agencies in the development, transmission or implementation of the State level initiated policies. ^ After analyzing the evolutionary process, it became clear that state policy directives were never challenged or discussed. Rather, they were accepted as standards to be met and as such, school districts complied. Policy implementation is shown to be a top-down phenomenon. No evidence was found indicating a dialogue between state and local systems, rather the state, as the source of authority, issued specifically worded policy directives and the district complied. Finally, this study recognizes that outside influences play an important role in shaping the education reform policy in the state of Florida. The federal government, through NCLB and other initiatives created a climate which led almost naturally to the creation of the Florida A+ Plan. Similarly, the concern of the business community, always interested in the production of competent workers, continued to support efforts at raising the minimum skill level of Florida high school graduates. ^ Suggestions are made for future research including the examination of local school sites in order to assess the overall nature of the school experience rather than rely upon performance indicators mandated by state policy. ^

Deprofessionalization of curriculum decision-making

The purpose of this study was to analyze the evolution of Florida state level policy efforts and to assess the responding educational policy development and implementation at the local school district level. The focus of this study was the secondary language arts curriculum in Miami-Dade County Public Schools. Data was collected using document analysis as a source of meaning making out of the language sets proffered by agencies at each level. A matrix was created based on Klein's levels of curriculum decision-making and Functional Process Theory categories of policy formation. The matrix allowed the researcher to code and classify specific information in terms accountability/high-stakes testing; authority; outside influences; and operational/structural organization. Federal policy documents provided a background and impetus for much of what originated at the State level. The State then produced policy directives which were accepted by the District and specific policy directives and guidelines for practice. No evidence was found indicating the involvement of any other agencies in the development, transmission or implementation of the State level initiated policies. After analyzing the evolutionary process, it became clear that state policy directives were never challenged or discussed. Rather, they were accepted as standards to be met and as such, school districts complied. Policy implementation is shown to be a top-down phenomenon. No evidence was found indicating a dialogue between state and local systems, rather the state, as the source of authority, issued specifically worded policy directives and the district complied. Finally, this study recognizes that outside influences play an important role in shaping the education reform policy in the state of Florida. The federal government, through NCLB and other initiatives created a climate which led almost naturally to the creation of the Florida A+ Plan. Similarly, the concern of the business community, always interested in the production of competent workers, continued to support efforts at raising the minimum skill level of Florida high school graduates. Suggestions are made for future research including the examination of local school sites in order to assess the overall nature of the school experience rather than rely upon performance indicators mandated by state policy.