201 resultados para Mimosa caesalpiniifolia


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Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da época de colheita e de tratamentos pré-germinativos na germinação e vigor de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (sabiá). Para tanto, realizou-se um experimento no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do CCA-UFPB, em Areia, PB, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 14, com os fatores ano de colheita (2002 e 2003), sementes dentro ou fora do craspédio e tratamentos pré-germinativos, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Os tratamentos pré-germinativos consistiram na imersão em água, à temperatura ambiente, por 12, 24, 36, 48 e 60 h; imersão em água quente, à temperatura de 70, 80, 90 e 100 ºC, por 1 min; imersão em água quente, à temperatura de 70, 80, 90 e 100 ºC, até o resfriamento total; e testemunha (sementes intactas). As características analisadas foram: porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de emergência das plântulas. Os tratamentos de imersão em água quente (80 ºC) até o resfriamento total, nas sementes de 2002, seguido do mesmo tratamento a 90 ºC, em sementes que foram semeadas fora do craspédio, mostraram-se mais adequados para condução dos testes de germinação e vigor em sementes de M. caesalpiniifolia. As sementes semeadas fora do craspédio foram as mais apropriadas para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica, apresentando também maior homogeneidade do processo germinativo, independentemente do ano avaliado.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o estabelecimento da dormência nas sementes de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) durante o processo de maturação. Foram realizadas 16 colheitas semanais de frutos e sementes, na localidade de Engenho Bujari, município de Areia, PB, no período de 9 de agosto a 22 de novembro de 2001. As colheitas ocorreram aos 105 dias após a antese (d.a.a.) e se estenderam até os 210 d.a.a., sendo avaliadas as porcentagens de germinação, sementes dormentes, vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento e massas fresca e seca das plântulas). Concluiu-se que a colheita deverá ser efetuada aos 154 d.a.a., quando a germinação se apresenta com aproximadamente 80% e o acúmulo de massa seca nas sementes atinge o máximo

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About 40% of the earth is occupied by tropical and subtropical forests, including 42% of dry forests, where there is Caatinga Bioma, contemplating tree forests and shrubs, with xerophytic characteristics. Study and conservations of Caatinga biologic diversity is one of the greatest challenges of Brazilian science because those are, proportionally, the less studied among natural areas, with most of the scientific effort centered in very few points around the main cities in the area and also because it is the less protected natural Brazilian area. The environmental degradation is constantly increasing and has its rhythm accelerated by the men appropriation to meet or not their own needs. Therefore, species conservation should be based in three principles: the use of natural resources by present generation, waste prevention and use of the natural resources to benefit the majority of the citizens. Among the strategies to species conservation, we can mention the ex situ conservation , in which the conservation of genetic resources may be realized outside of the natural environment in which the species occur, and in situ conservation , or, in other words, in the places where the species occur. In ex situ conservation, the germplasm collections are maintained in the field and/or in laboratories (conservation chambers), and this mainly conserves intraspecific diversity (genetic variance), the ex situ collections are continuously enriched by collection activities, introduction and germplasm interchange; the in situ conservation preserving ecosystems and habitats, maintaining and recovering native population of species of interest. So, the objective of this paper is the search for strategies to the conservation of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia B. (sabiá) using instruments of environmental perception and plant biotechnology, as mechanisms of in situ and ex situ conservation. To environmental perception, were realized open, semi-structured and qualitative interviews. The questions included socioeconomic data and knowledge of Sabiá specie. To plant biotechnology, Sabiá seed collection were realized in different location to formation of a germplasm bank. The specie micropropagation was made from nodal segment of plants from the matrizeiro. About the knowledge of rural populations and the use of Sabiá plant, some preferences occurred from speeches that the plant possesses a firm wood, not attacked by termites, legalized for exploration by the Brazilian environmental organ (IBAMA), and is a native specie. This research found the rural population has knowledge about Sabiá specie and the natural resources are exhausting. The proposal that the rural community brought was the donation of the Sabiá specie seeding initiating on the rain season, in which the seeding would be plated between the lots, in individual plantations. To the formation of a matrix bank, plant biothecnology brought answers favorable to Sabiá specie seeding, with the formation of multiple shoots

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This work aimed to evaluate the effects of liming and phosphate fertilizer for the production of sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) seedlings without thorns under a greenhouse. Seedlings 10 days old were transferred to plastic bags containing 2.0 kg of psamitic Dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (Typic Haplustox) collected from 40 to 70 cm layer. The experiment was carried out in Teresina county, Piauí state, Brazil, from July to October of 2008. Two liming doses (with and without liming) and five phosphorus doses combined in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme were used. The experimental design used was the randomized blocks with four replications having each plot three seedlings. The calculated lime amount was enough to elevate the base saturation to 50 % and the phosphorus doses were: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg kg-1 of soil. One seedling per pot was cultivated and the pot dimension was 10 by 23 cm. The evaluated variables were height, diameter, leaves number, leaf area, and shoot and roots dry matter. For the studied soil condition, the liming is not necessary to produce 'Sabiá' seedlings. The application, on average, from 72 to 107 mg kg-1 of P promote, respectively, from 90 to100 % of maximum values of height, diameter, leaf area and shoots and roots biomass.

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Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Exotic species are used to trigger facilitation in restoration plantings, but this positive effect may not be permanent and these species may have negative effects later on. Since such species can provide a marketable product (firewood), their harvest may represent an advantageous strategy to achieve both ecological and economic benefits. In this study, we looked at the effect of removal of a non-native tree species (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) on the understory of a semideciduous forest undergoing restoration. We assessed two 14-year-old plantation systems (modified taungya agroforestry system; and mixed plantation using commercial timber and firewood tree species) established at two sites with contrasting soil properties in São Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental design included randomized blocks with split plots. The natural regeneration of woody species (height ≥0.2 m) was compared between managed (all M. caesalpiniifolia trees removed) and unmanaged plots during the first year after the intervention. The removal of M. caesalpiniifolia increased species diversity but decreased stand basal area. Nevertheless, the basal area loss was recovered after 1 year. The management treatment affected tree species regeneration differently between species groups. The results of this study suggest that removal of M. caesalpiniifolia benefited the understory and possibly accelerated the succession process. Further monitoring studies are needed to evaluate the longer term effects on stand structure and composition. The lack of negative effects of tree removal on the natural regeneration indicates that such interventions can be recommended, especially considering the expectations of economic revenues from tree harvesting in restoration plantings.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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A utilização do lodo de esgoto para fins agrícolas e florestais tem se apresentado como a alternativa mais adequada para a sua disposição final, tanto do ponto de vista ambiental quanto do agronômico, principalmente em processos de recuperação de áreas degradadas, pois transforma um rejeito em importante insumo agrícola. Este trabalho apresentou como objetivo principal verificar a viabilidade da aplicação do lodo produzido pela Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto do Aeroporto Internacional do Rio de Janeiro (ETAR-APOIO) no processo de revegetação de uma área degradada, denominada Jazida do Itacolomi, situada na área patrimonial do Aeroporto Internacional do Rio de Janeiro. Foram introduzidas duas espécies vegetais Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (Sabiá) e Mimosa bimucronata (Maricá) na área experimental, adubadas com doses de lodo de esgoto equivalentes a 0,00; 2,85; 5,70; 11,40 e 22,80 t ha-1. Alterações na fertilidade do solo foram avaliadas através das seguintes variáveis: valor pH, teor de matéria orgânica, capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC) e disponibilidade de macro e micronutrientes. O comportamento das espécies vegetais mediante às doses de lodo de esgoto foi avaliado através de medições da altura e do diâmetro das copas das mudas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o processo de revegetação empregado na recuperação de áreas degradadas pode tornar-se uma alternativa viável para a disposição final do lodo de esgoto. Observou-se também que a adição do lodo de esgoto ao solo aumentou consideravelmente os teores de matéria orgânica, nitrogênio, fósforo e cálcio, bem como a CTC e em menor extensão os teores de magnésio e potássio, em contrapartida houve pouca alteração no pH do solo. Não foi observado efeito depressivo, causado por qualquer dose de lodo, sobre o desenvolvimento de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia e Mimosa bimucronata.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar o processo de maturação de sementes de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.). Foram realizadas dezesseis colheitas semanais de frutos e sementes de árvores, no município de Areia - Paraiba, no período de agosto a novembro de 2001. As colheitas iniciaram-se aos 105 dias e estenderam-se até os 210 dias após a antese. Foram avaliadas as dimensões, o teor de água e a massa fresca e seca de frutos e sementes, bem como a germinação e o vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento e massa fresca e seca das plântulas). Concluiu-se que a maturidade fisiológica das sementes de sabiá ocorre entre 154 e168 dias após a antese, podendo a colheita ser realizada até 189 dias após a antese, uma vez que a partir deste período ocorre elevada perda de frutos e sementes devido à dispersão natural.

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The Caatinga biome has a high diversity of potential and their conservation constitutes one of the greatest challenges of Brazilian science. The sustainable management of the Caatinga emerges as an alternative that through the formation of systems agrossilvipastoris, enables the use of forest resources sustainably, ensuring their conservation, regeneration and recovery. In RN this technique has been developed mainly in settlements of Agrarian Reform, such as P. A. Moaci Lucena, and their impacts go beyond the environmental aspect and reverberate socially and economically on the quality of life of family farmers. Despite the efficiency of the Sustainable Management of the Caatinga in the conservation of native species, many forests species of this biome faces serious problems of propagation and for this reason have become vulnerable to extinction, as is the case of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth . Thus , it is evident the need to use sustainable alternatives to overcome the difficulties of propagation of this species and enable their replacement in areas where their existence is threatened. The Plant Biotechnology is considered as a promising alternative in this sense, considering that by micropropagation enables the large-scale production of seedlings with high health genetics status. This work has the following objectives: evaluate the perception of family farmers of P. A. Moaci Lucena in relation to social, environmental and economic impacts of the Sustainable Management of the Caatinga and check the conditions of germination and in vitro propagation of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth that enabling the production of seedlings of this specie on a large scale. To achieve the first objective, semi-structured interviews showed that in the perception of farmers PA Moaci Lucena, the Sustainable Management of the Caatinga was responsible for generating many social, environmental and economic impacts that affected directly in the improvement in the quality of life of the families of the Settlement Project Moaci Lucena. Have to achieve the second objective, were investigated the influence of different substrates and concentrations of growth regulator BAP in the germination and shoot induction in vitro of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. The vermiculite was presented as the most suitable substrate for germination of this species, because it provided a more rapid germination, higher growth rates and higher dry matter accumulation. Regarding micropropagation, the concentration of 17.76 μmol/L of BAP presented a more responsive in relation to multiplication rate and the number of shoots in M. caesalpiniifolia, thus constituting the most suitable concentration for the in vitro propagation of this specie