Oferta formativa en terapias alternativas y complementarias para la asistencia al parto

Las terapias complementarias y alternativas (TCA) son las intervenciones y prácticas que no forman parte del sistema sanitario convencional. En la obstetricia, su uso es cada día más frecuente. Para asesorar a las gestantes es necesario tener unos conocimientos adecuados al respecto. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la oferta formativa de las matronas en TCA para la atención al parto mediante una revisión bibliográfica y la consulta de fuentes documentales. El actual programa de formación no las contempla y su aprendizaje depende de motivaciones personales. Existe poca información al respecto. Para recomendarlas y utilizarlas con eficacia y seguridad, es necesario dedicar más recursos a la investigación e incorporarlas en los planes convencionales de estudio.

Oferta formativa en terapias alternativas y complementarias para la asistencia al parto

Las terapias complementarias y alternativas (TCA) son las intervenciones y prácticas que no forman parte del sistema sanitario convencional. En la obstetricia, su uso es cada día más frecuente. Para asesorar a las gestantes es necesario tener unos conocimientos adecuados al respecto. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la oferta formativa de las matronas en TCA para la atención al parto mediante una revisión bibliográfica y la consulta de fuentes documentales. El actual programa de formación no las contempla y su aprendizaje depende de motivaciones personales. Existe poca información al respecto. Para recomendarlas y utilizarlas con eficacia y seguridad, es necesario dedicar más recursos a la investigación e incorporarlas en los planes convencionales de estudio.

Use of alternative and complementary therapies in labor and delivery care: a cross-sectional study of midwives" training in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) during pregnancy is increasing. Scientific evidence for CAM and CAT in the field of obstetrics mainly covers pain relief in labor. Midwives are responsible for labor and delivery care: hence, their knowledge of CAM and CAT is important. The aims of this study are to describe the professional profile of midwives who provide care for natural childbirth in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth, to assess midwives" level of training in CAT and their use of these therapies, and to identify specific resources for CAT in labor wards. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative method was used to assess the level of training and use of CAT by midwives working at 28 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain, accredited as public normal birth centers. Results: Just under a third of midwives (30.4%) trained in CAT after completion of basic training. They trained in an average of 5.97 therapies (SD 3.56). The number of CAT in which the midwives were trained correlated negatively with age (r = - 0.284; p < 0.001) and with their time working at the hospital in years (r = - 0.136; p = 0.036). Midwives trained in CAT considered that the following therapies were useful or very useful for pain relief during labor and delivery: relaxation techniques (64.3%), hydrotherapy (84.8%) and the application of compresses to the perineum (75.9%). The availability of resources for providing CAT during normal birth care varied widely from center to center. Conclusions: Age may influence attitudes towards training. It is important to increase the number of midwives trained in CAM for pain relief during childbirth, in order to promote the use of CAT and ensure efficiency and safety. CAT resources at accredited hospitals providing normal childbirth care should also be standardized.

Use of alternative and complementary therapies in labor and delivery care: a cross-sectional study of midwives" training in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) during pregnancy is increasing. Scientific evidence for CAM and CAT in the field of obstetrics mainly covers pain relief in labor. Midwives are responsible for labor and delivery care: hence, their knowledge of CAM and CAT is important. The aims of this study are to describe the professional profile of midwives who provide care for natural childbirth in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth, to assess midwives" level of training in CAT and their use of these therapies, and to identify specific resources for CAT in labor wards. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative method was used to assess the level of training and use of CAT by midwives working at 28 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain, accredited as public normal birth centers. Results: Just under a third of midwives (30.4%) trained in CAT after completion of basic training. They trained in an average of 5.97 therapies (SD 3.56). The number of CAT in which the midwives were trained correlated negatively with age (r = - 0.284; p < 0.001) and with their time working at the hospital in years (r = - 0.136; p = 0.036). Midwives trained in CAT considered that the following therapies were useful or very useful for pain relief during labor and delivery: relaxation techniques (64.3%), hydrotherapy (84.8%) and the application of compresses to the perineum (75.9%). The availability of resources for providing CAT during normal birth care varied widely from center to center. Conclusions: Age may influence attitudes towards training. It is important to increase the number of midwives trained in CAM for pain relief during childbirth, in order to promote the use of CAT and ensure efficiency and safety. CAT resources at accredited hospitals providing normal childbirth care should also be standardized.

Situación actual de las Terapias Complementarias en España en el Grado de Enfermería

Objetivo: Describir la situación actual de las Terapias Complementarias en la formación enfermera en las escuelas y facultades de enfermería en España. Método: estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Población de estudio todas las facultades, escuelas públicas y adscritas de España. Recolección de datos mediante una ficha de observación. Unidades de análisis los Planes de Estudio. Variables (créditos, tipo de asignatura, ubicación, tipo de terapia). Análisis descriptivo de los datos relativos y absolutos mediante hoja de Excel. Resultados:en la mayoría de las facultades y escuelas escrutadas la asignatura de Terapias Complementarias ha desaparecido y en aquellas que aparece es una asignatura optativa.Conclusión: la formación en Terapias Complementarias en España es deficiente, debido a que no se recoge como asignatura troncal y/o obligatoria. La ausencia de las Terapias Complementarias en el currículum, plantea interrogantes tales cómo el valor de éstas en la formación, conceptualización que tienen los docentes, la repercusión en la calidad de los cuidados, la formación de los docentes encargados de impartir la asignatura, así como el número de créditos y el curso a impartir en la titulación del Grado.

Synthesis of Janus compounds for the recognition of G-U mismatched nucleobase pairs

The design and synthesis of two Janus-type heterocycles with the capacity to simultaneously recognize guanine and uracyl in G-U mismatched pairs through complementary hydrogen bond pairing is described. Both compounds were conveniently functionalized with a carboxylic function and efficiently attached to a tripeptide sequence by using solid-phase methodologies. Ligands based on the derivatization of such Janus compounds with a small aminoglycoside, neamine, and its guanidinylated analogue have been synthesized, and their interaction with Tau RNA has been investigated by using several biophysical techniques, including UV-monitored melting curves, fluorescence titration experiments, and 1H NMR. The overall results indicated that Janus-neamine/guanidinoneamine showed some preference for the +3 mutated RNA sequence associated with the development of some tauopathies, although preliminary NMR studies have not confirmed binding to G-U pairs. Moreover, a good correlation has been found between the RNA binding affinity of such Janus-containing ligands and their ability to stabilize this secondary structure upon complexation.

Formación y aplicación de las terapias complementarias en los cuidados de enfermería al paciente oncológico

Objetivo general: Analizar la formación de las enfermeras y la aplicación de las terapias complementarias (TC) en los cuidados de enfermería al paciente oncológico. Ámbito de estudio: El estudio se realizó en el hospital Duran i Reynals de l"Hospitalet de Llobregat, en las unidades de: hematología clínica, terapia intensiva, tratamiento programado, hospital de día, oncología médica, cuidados paliativos, consultas externas, soporte de la atención continuada, servicio de oncología radioterápica y en el equipo de soporte hospitalario. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Método: Aplicación de un cuestionario elaborado que consta de dos apartados, uno de datos demográficos y otro apartado con 8 preguntas especificas. Participantes: Enfermeras del área asistencial de todos los turnos que trabajen en las unidades mencionadas. Análisis de datos: Para el análisis de los datos se ha utilizado el paquete estadístico SPSS15.0 para Windows y se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo para todas las variables. Variables cualitativas: frecuencias y porcentajes. Variables cuantitativas: medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Resultados: El 58,8% de las enfermeras ha realizado algún tipo de formación en TC. Las intervenciones mente-cuerpo son las más efectuadas en cuanto a formación, seguidas de las terapias manuales y las terapias de base energética. La relajación-visualización es la terapia que más aplican las enfermeras oncológicas. Conclusiones: La formación de las enfermeras oncológicas en las TC es fundamental para poder informar y asesorar a sus pacientes y poder cuidarlos de una forma más holística. La falta de tiempo y de disposición del hospital al reconocimiento y valor de las TC son los principales factores de dificultad que se encuentran las enfermeras oncológicas.

Biomédecine et médecines alternatives : alliance possible ou scission inévitable? : le cas des acupuncteurs à Montréal

Si l’alternative est de nos jours et dans nos sociétés occidentales un concept de plus en plus en vogue, son caractère lui, en demeure pas moins ambigu. En effet, et alors même que nombre de pratiques dites alternatives émergent de part et d’autre de la société, en faire allusion dans certains domaines équivaut à s’affliger soi-même d’une étiquette sur laquelle serait inscrite « New-Age » en caractère gras. Pourtant, son caractère loin d’évoquer cette seule dimension, semble par ailleurs être conséquente d un déséquilibre de plus en plus prégnant au sein même des prérogatives de l’État. Ce mémoire tente donc de rendre compte de ce phénomène tout en investiguant les répercussions de cette asymétrie sur l’intégration de pratiques médicales alternatives au Québec. Ceci dans l’intention non seulement d’explorer davantage la nature de la relation entre médecine alternative et biomédecine, mais aussi afin de poser un nouveau regard sur son expansion. Un regard, lequel permettrait potentiellement de poser les jalons nécessaires à un espace de conciliation entre les médecines, lequel découlerait alors d’un nouvel équilibre au cœur des prérogatives mêmes de l’État.

Safety assessment of essential medicines for elderly people: a bibliographic survey

Certain medicines are considered potentially inappropriate (PIM) for elderly people as they increase the risk of adverse drug events (ADE) and because safer alternative therapies are available on the market. In this context, in order to identify the instruments that assess the quality of medical prescriptions for elderly and to determine which drugs are considered PIM, a bibliographic survey was conducted in PUBMED, LILACS and PAHO databases, in February and March/2010. The search strategy included the use of health descriptors and a manual search in the references cited by selected papers. During the period of data collection, 15 instruments were identified. In 2012, with the publication of the update of Beers criteria, this instrument was included in the study. We identified 163 PIM of 25 therapeutic classes, of which 125 (76.7%) are marketed in Brazil. Of these, 31 (24.8%) are essential medicines (RENAME 2012), of which 13 have safer therapeutic equivalents and 19 (15.2%) are over-the-counter drugs. Data suggest the need for inclusion of safer alternatives for the elderly in the national list of essential medicines and the pharmaceutical care for early detection of ADE in this age group, in order to contribute to the safe use of medicines.

Prescription drug samples: Does this marketing strategy counteract policies for quality use of medicines?

Prescription drug samples, as used by the pharmaceutical industry to market their products, are of current interest because of their influence on prescribing, and their potential impact on consumer safety. Very little research has been conducted into the use and misuse of prescription drug samples, and the influence of samples on health policies designed to improve the rational use of medicines. This is a topical issue in the prescription drug debate, with increasing costs and increasing concerns about optimizing use of medicines. This manuscript critically evaluates the research that has been conducted to date about prescription drug samples, discusses the issues raised in the context of traditional marketing theory, and suggests possible alternatives for the future.

[child Protection Network And The Intersector Implementation Of The Circle Of Security As Alternatives To Medication].

To describe the clinical history of a child with aggressive behavior and recurring death-theme speech, and report the experience of the team of authors, who proposed an alternative to medication through the establishment of a protection network and the inter-sector implementation of the circle of security concept. A 5-year-old child has a violent and aggressive behavior at the day-care. The child was diagnosed by the healthcare center with depressive disorder and behavioral disorder, and was medicated with sertraline and risperidone. Side effects were observed, and the medications were discontinued. Despite several actions, such as talks, teamwork, psychological and psychiatric follow-up, the child's behavior remained unchanged. A unique therapeutic project was developed by Universidade Estadual de Campinas' Medical School students in order to establish a connection between the entities responsible for the child's care (daycare center, healthcare center, and family). Thus, the team was able to develop a basic care protection network. The implementation of the inter-sector circle of security, as well as the communication and cooperation among the teams, produced very favorable results in this case. This initiative was shown to be a feasible and effective alternative to the use of medication for this child.

Cr3C2-NiCr and WC-Ni thermal spray coatings as alternatives to hard chromium for erosion-corrosion resistance

Cr3C2-NiCr and WC-Ni coatings are widely used for wear applications at high and room temperature, respectively. Due to the high corrosion resistance of NiCr binder, Cr3C2-NiCr coatings are also used in corrosive environments. The application of WC-Ni coatings in corrosive media is 14 not recommended due to the poor corrosion resistance of the (pure Ni) metallic matrix. It is well known that the addition of Cr to the metallic binder improves the corrosion properties. Erosion-corrosion performance of thermal spray coatings is widely influenced by ceramic phase composition, the size of ceramic particles and also the composition of the metallic binder. In the present work, two types of HVOF thermal spray coatings (Cr3C2-NiCr and WC-Ni) obtained with different spray conditions were studied and compared with conventional micro-cracked hard chromium coatings. Both as-sprayed and polished samples were tested under two erosion-corrosion conditions with different erosivity. Tungsten carbide coatings showed better performance under the most erosive condition, while chromium carbide coatings were superior under less erosive conditions. Some of the tungsten carbide coatings and hard chromium showed similar erosion-corrosion behaviour under more and less erosive conditions. The erosion-corrosion and electrochemical results showed that surface polishing improved the erosion-corrosion properties of the thermally sprayed coatings. The corrosion behaviour of the different coatings has been compared using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves. Total material loss due to erosion-corrosion was determined by weight loss measurements. An estimation of the corrosion contribution to the total weight loss was also given. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.