Media Library Online (MLOL). Business Models for E-Book Lending in Libraries

Esitys Kirjastoverkkopäivillä 23.10.2012 Helsingissä

A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of reports of clinical trials published in six Brazilian dental journals indexed in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO)

INTRODUCTION: Open access publishing is becoming increasingly popular within the biomedical sciences. SciELO, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, is a digital library covering a selected collection of Brazilian scientific journals many of which provide open access to full-text articles.This library includes a number of dental journals some of which may include reports of clinical trials in English, Portuguese and/or Spanish. Thus, SciELO could play an important role as a source of evidence for dental healthcare interventions especially if it yields a sizeable number of high quality reports. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify reports of clinical trials by handsearching of dental journals that are accessible through SciELO, and to assess the overall quality of these reports. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Electronic versions of six Brazilian dental Journals indexed in SciELO were handsearched at www.scielo.br in September 2008. Reports of clinical trials were identified and classified as controlled clinical trials (CCTs - prospective, experimental studies comparing 2 or more healthcare interventions in human beings) or randomized controlled trials (RCTs - a random allocation method is clearly reported), according to Cochrane eligibility criteria. CRITERIA TO ASSESS METHODOLOGICAL QUALITY INCLUDED: method of randomization, concealment of treatment allocation, blinded outcome assessment, handling of withdrawals and losses and whether an intention-to-treat analysis had been carried out. RESULTS: The search retrieved 33 CCTs and 43 RCTs. A majority of the reports provided no description of either the method of randomization (75.3%) or concealment of the allocation sequence (84.2%). Participants and outcome assessors were reported as blinded in only 31.2% of the reports. Withdrawals and losses were only clearly described in 6.5% of the reports and none mentioned an intention-to-treat analysis or any similar procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that a substantial number of reports of trials and systematic reviews are available in the dental journals listed in SciELO, and that these could provide valuable evidence for clinical decision making. However, it is clear that the quality of a number of these reports is of some concern and that improvement in the conduct and reporting of these trials could be achieved if authors adhered to internationally accepted guidelines, e.g. the CONSORT statement.

Análise da produção científica sobre dst/aids na área de enfermagem na base de dados scientific eletronic library online – scielo, no período de 1992 a 2008

O presente estudo trata de uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva que teve por objetivo caracterizar as produções científicas na área de enfermagem com os descritores “HIV and enfermagem”, “AIDS and Enfermagem”, “DST and enfermagem”, publicadas na Scientific Eletronic Library Online – SciELO, no período de 1992 à 2008. A amostra constitui-se de 40 publicações, sendo que 38 eram sobre HIV/AIDS e 2 sobre DST em geral. Foi verificado que o número de estudos tem aumentado nos últimos anos o que demonstra interesse por parte dos enfermeiros para pesquisar a temática. O Estado de São Paulo concentra a maior parte dos artigos publicados 85%. Na caracterização das publicações de acordo com a metodologia, 47,5%, eram estudos qualitativos o que pode traduzir a necessidade de identificar através da pesquisa os aspectos subjacentes a essas temáticas. Os sujeitos de estudo em 37,5% dos trabalhos eram mulheres e 57,5% haviam sido desenvolvidos com clientes soropositivos ao HIV/AIDS. Quanto ao objeto de estudo abordado pelos autores, 30% dos trabalhos pesquisaram o conhecimento dos clientes sobre DST/AIDS e 30% sobre a assistência de enfermagem.

A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of reports of clinical trials published in six Brazilian dental journals indexed in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO)

Introduction: Open access publishing is becoming increasingly popular within the biomedical sciences. SciELO, the Scientific Electronic Library Online, is a digital library covering a selected collection of Brazilian scientific journals many of which provide open access to full-text articles. This library includes a number of dental journals some of which may include reports of clinical trials in English, Portuguese and/or Spanish. Thus, SciELO could play an important role as a source of evidence for dental healthcare interventions especially if it yields a sizeable number of high quality reports. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify reports of clinical trials by handsearching of dental journals that are accessible through SciELO, and to assess the overall quality of these reports. Material and methods: Electronic versions of six Brazilian dental Journals indexed in SciELO were handsearched at www.scielo.br in September 2008. Reports of clinical trials were identified and classified as controlled clinical trials (CCTs - prospective, experimental studies comparing 2 or more healthcare interventions in human beings) or randomized controlled trials (RCTs - a random allocation method is clearly reported), according to Cochrane eligibility criteria. Criteria to assess methodological quality included: method of randomization, concealment of treatment allocation, blinded outcome assessment, handling of withdrawals and losses and whether an intention-to-treat analysis had been carried out. Results: The search retrieved 33 CCTs and 43 RCTs. A majority of the reports provided no description of either the method of randomization (75.3%) or concealment of the allocation sequence (84.2%). Participants and outcome assessors were reported as blinded in only 31.2% of the reports. Withdrawals and losses were only clearly described in 6.5% of the reports and none mentioned an intention-to-treat analysis or any similar procedure. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that a substantial number of reports of trials and systematic reviews are available in the dental journals listed in SciELO, and that these could provide valuable evidence for clinical decision making. However, it is clear that the quality of a number of these reports is of some concern and that improvement in the conduct and reporting of these trials could be achieved if authors adhered to internationally accepted guidelines, e. g. the CONSORT statement.

Metodologia científica: como utilizar a Scientific Electronic Library Online

Material utilizado no módulo de Metodologia Científica do curso de especialização em Nefrologia produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Esta unidade apresenta a base de dados da SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e as etapas para a realização de pesquisas explorando ao máximo suas possibilidades.

Online literature searching and databases at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Center, Library, Cincinnati, Ohio /

Mode of access: Internet.

Memoria virtualis - death and mourning rituals in online environments

The main objective of this work has been to understand the ritual aspect of how private people use the Internet to mourn and honor their intimates in various online environments. The research material was compiled in 2007–2013 through ethnographic and autoethnographic observations in social media applications, online memorial websites, one shared virtual environment (Second Life) and one massive multi-player online role-playing game (World of Warcraft). The research material consists of – in addition to the ethnographic observations – three online surveys with 153 respondents (mainly from Finland, the United States and the United Kingdom). In addition, the researcher conducted 38 longer online interviews (i.e. via email, an avatar). The theoretical framework is derived from ritual theory, hermeneutic-phenomenological anthropology and discourse analysis. The research questions are as follows: Why are death rituals practiced in online environments? How are virtual memorials created in various online environments? What kind of systems of meanings are virtual memorials constructed from? The results indicate that online mourning and honoring is appropriated in addition to the “traditional” offline rituals. In online environments the bereaved can choose, where, when, how and with whom they share their grief and loss. Memorials are created in the web intentionally and unintentionally, where the latter refers inter alia to the Facebook profile of the deceased where his/her intimates gather to mourn and honor immediately after the death. The first refers to intentionally memorialized online places spaces via different service providers. Virtual memorials are a way to construct the identity of the deceased, as well as the bereaved in multiple ways. They also re-enforce and create a sense of communality both privately and publicly, and enable one meaningful online place where all the intimates of the deceased can gather together to mourn and honor despite the geographical or time distances. Tämä väitöstutkimus tarkastelee miten nykyiset kuolemanrituaalit ovat digitalisoituneet verkkoympäristöihin. Tutkimus on suoritettu verkkoetnografisin sekä autoetnografisin menetelmin sosiaalisen median sivustoilla, virtuaalimuistomerkkipalveluissa, yhdestä virtuaalimaailmassa (Second Life) sekä yhdestä reaaliaikaisessa verkkopelissä (World of Warcraft) vuosina 2007–2013. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu etnografisten havainnointien lisäksi kolmesta verkkokyselystä, joissa vastaajia on yhteensä 153 pääasiassa Suomesta, Yhdysvalloista sekä Iso-Britanniasta. Kyselyjen lisäksi tutkija on tehnyt myös 38 laajempaa verkkohaastattelua eri ympäristöissä (esim. sähköposti, avatar virtuaalimaailmassa). Teoreettinen kehys koostuu rituaaliteoriasta, hermeneuttis-phenomenologiasta sekä diskurssianalyysista. Tutkimuskysymykset ovat seuraavat: miksi kuolemanrituaaleja harjoitetaan verkkoympäristöissä, miten virtuaalisia muistomerkkejä luodaan verkkoon, sekä millaisista merkitysjärjestelmistä virtuaaliset muistomerkit muodostuvat? Tutkimustulosten mukaan verkkosureminen ja muistaminen ovat tulleet perinteisten kuolemanrituaalien rinnalle, jolloin sureva itse voi päättää miten, missä, milloin sekä kenen kanssa suree läheistään. Muistomerkkejä verkkoon luodaan suunnitellusti (intentional) sekä suunnittelemattomasti (unintentional), jolloin jälkimmäinen viittaa esimerkiksi edesmenneen Facebook profiiliin, missä hänen läheisensä kokoontuvat muistelemaan ja suremaan välittömästi kuoleman jälkeen. Ensimmäinen taas viittaa suunnitelmalliseen muistomerkin luomiseen, jota varten löytyy useita palveluntarjoajia. Virtuaalimuistomerkit ovat keino rakentaa sekä edesmenneen että surevan identiteettiä, vahvistaa ja luoda yhteisöllisyyttä niin yksityisesti kuin julkisesti, sekä luoda yksi yhteinen aina ja kaikkialta saavutettavissa oleva merkityksellinen paikka verkkoon, missä kaikki läheiset voivat ajasta ja paikasta riippumatta muistella ja surra läheistään.

Jornalismo online: a construção da notícia a partir do twitter no caso da falsa morte de Amin Khader

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

No right to sext? A critical examination of media and legal debates about teenage girls' sexual agency in the digital age

Advances in digital photography and distribution technologies enable many people to produce and distribute images of their sex acts. When teenagers do this, the photos and videos they create can be legally classified as child pornography since the law makes no exception for youth who create sexually explicit images of themselves. The dominant discussions about teenage girls producing sexually explicit media (including sexting) are profoundly unproductive: (1) they blame teenage girls for creating private images that another person later maliciously distributed and (2) they fail to respect—or even discuss—teenagers’ rights to freedom of expression. Cell phones and the internet make producing and distributing images extremely easy, which provide widely accessible venues for both consensual sexual expression between partners and for sexual harassment. Dominant understandings view sexting as a troubling teenage trend created through the combination of camera phones and adolescent hormones and impulsivity, but this view often conflates consensual sexting between partners with the malicious distribution of a person’s private image as essentially equivalent behaviors. In this project, I ask: What is the role of assumptions about teen girls’ sexual agency in these problematic understandings of sexting that blame victims and deny teenagers’ rights? In contrast to the popular media panic about online predators and the familiar accusation that youth are wasting their leisure time by using digital media, some people champion the internet as a democratic space that offers young people the opportunity to explore identities and develop social and communication skills. Yet, when teen girls’ sexuality enters this conversation, all this debate and discussion narrows to a problematic consensus. The optimists about adolescents and technology fall silent, and the argument that media production is inherently empowering for girls does not seem to apply to a girl who produces a sexually explicit image of herself. Instead, feminist, popular, and legal commentaries assert that she is necessarily a victim: of a “sexualized” mass media, pressure from her male peers, digital technology, her brain structures or hormones, or her own low self-esteem and misplaced desire for attention. Why and how are teenage girls’ sexual choices produced as evidence of their failure or success in achieving Western liberal ideals of self-esteem, resistance, and agency? Since mass media and policy reactions to sexting have so far been overwhelmingly sexist and counter-productive, it is crucial to interrogate the concepts and assumptions that characterize mainstream understandings of sexting. I argue that the common sense that is co-produced by law and mass media underlies the problematic legal and policy responses to sexting. Analyzing a range of nonfiction texts including newspaper articles, talk shows, press releases, public service announcements, websites, legislative debates, and legal documents, I investigate gendered, racialized, age-based, and technologically determinist common sense assumptions about teenage girls’ sexual agency. I examine the consensus and continuities that exist between news, nonfiction mass media, policy, institutions, and law, and describe the limits of their debates. I find that this early 21st century post-feminist girl-power moment not only demands that girls live up to gendered sexual ideals but also insists that actively choosing to follow these norms is the only way to exercise sexual agency. This is the first study to date examining the relationship of conventional wisdom about digital media and teenage girls’ sexuality to both policy and mass media.

Diagnosis, Treatment, And Follow-up Of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Recommendations By The Thyroid Department Of The Brazilian Society Of Endocrinology And Metabolism.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) originates in the thyroid parafollicular cells and represents 3-4% of the malignant neoplasms that affect this gland. Approximately 25% of these cases are hereditary due to activating mutations in the REarranged during Transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. The course of MTC is indolent, and survival rates depend on the tumor stage at diagnosis. The present article describes clinical evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of MTC. The aim of the consensus described herein, which was elaborated by Brazilian experts and sponsored by the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, was to discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of individuals with MTC in accordance with the latest evidence reported in the literature. After clinical questions were elaborated, the available literature was initially surveyed for evidence in the MedLine-PubMed database, followed by the Embase and Scientific Electronic Library Online/Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (SciELO/Lilacs) databases. The strength of evidence was assessed according to the Oxford classification of evidence levels, which is based on study design, and the best evidence available for each question was selected. Eleven questions corresponded to MTC diagnosis, 8 corresponded to its surgical treatment, and 13 corresponded to follow-up, for a total of 32 recommendations. The present article discusses the clinical and molecular diagnosis, initial surgical treatment, and postoperative management of MTC, as well as the therapeutic options for metastatic disease. MTC should be suspected in individuals who present with thyroid nodules and family histories of MTC, associations with pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism, and/or typical phenotypic characteristics such as ganglioneuromatosis and Marfanoid habitus. Fine-needle nodule aspiration, serum calcitonin measurements, and anatomical-pathological examinations are useful for diagnostic confirmation. Surgery represents the only curative therapeutic strategy. The therapeutic options for metastatic disease remain limited and are restricted to disease control. Judicious postoperative assessments that focus on the identification of residual or recurrent disease are of paramount importance when defining the follow-up and later therapeutic management strategies.

Condições socioeconômicas e câncer de cabeça e pescoço: uma revisão sistemática de literatura

O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever as principais características dos estudos epidemiológicos que investigaram a associação entre condições socioeconômicas e câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Medline (Literatura Internacional em Ciências), Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), além de referências citadas nos artigos obtidos a partir da busca primária nessas bases. O período de publicação considerado englobou 38 anos (1970-2007) e a análise restringiu-se aos artigos em espanhol, inglês ou português. Foram selecionados 25 estudos, 15 com delineamento caso-controle, quatro ecológicos e seis que mesclaram informações de bases de dados oficiais, como censos e registros de câncer ou de óbitos. A maior parte das pesquisas reportou associação entre piores condições socioeconômicas e câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Os indicadores mais empregados foram a ocupação e a escolaridade. Poucos estudos investigaram mediação, procurando evidenciar quais os fatores proximais operam na associação investigada. Pesquisas adicionais, com critérios uniformes para proceder aos ajustes nos modelos de regressão e amostra suficiente, são necessárias para investigar essa dimensão.

Revista de Saúde Pública: quarenta anos da produção científica no Brasil

OBJETIVO: Reconhecer as características e trajetória da Revista de Saúde Pública pela análise da produção científica por ela veiculada, no período de 1967-2005. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados por métodos cientométricos dados referenciais dos artigos publicados na Revista e recuperados nas bases de indexação do Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)/Thomson Scientific (Web of Science), National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). RESULTADOS: A Revista, sendo a única na área da saúde pública no Brasil, indexada pela ISI/Thomson Scientific, destaca-se como veículo de divulgação da produção científica brasileira em saúde pública e exibe crescimento geométrico de publicações e citações, cujas taxas anuais são de 4,4% e 12,7%, respectivamente. O número de autores cresceu de uma média de cerca de dois por item publicado até 3,5 para os dias atuais. Embora os artigos originais de pesquisa predominem, nos últimos anos aumentou o número de revisões, estudos multicêntricos, ensaios clínicos e de validação; cresceu também o número de artigos publicados em língua estrangeira, com 13% do total, destacando-se a participação da Inglaterra, Estados Unidos, Argentina e México. Aumentou o número e diversidade de revistas que citam a Revista de Saúde Pública, com expressiva participação de revistas internacionais. A distribuição de autorias por autor da Revista ajusta-se muito bem à Lei de Lotka, mas seus parâmetros sugerem maior concentração e menor dispersão do que o esperado. Entre os temas de interesse dos itens publicados, doenças infecto-parasitárias e vetores, promoção, políticas, administração de saúde e epidemiologia, vigilância e controle de doenças responderam por mais de 50% do volume total. CONCLUSÕES: A Revista mostra grande dinamismo sem sinais que sugiram qualquer esgotamento ou estabilidade em futuro próximo. Há sinais de progressivo aumento de complexidade dos estudos publicados, bem como de maior multidisciplinaridade. A Revista parece alargar seu alcance e repercussão embora continue fiel aos temas de interesse da saúde pública do Brasil.

Política de humanização na atenção básica: revisão sistemática

OBJETIVO : Analisar as práticas de humanização na atenção básica na rede pública do sistema de saúde brasileiro com base nos princípios da política nacional de humanização do Brasil. MÉTODOS : Procedeu-se à revisão sistemática da literatura seguida de metassíntese, usando as bases de dados: BDENF (Base de dados da enfermagem), BDTD (Biblioteca digital brasileira de teses e dissertações), CINAHL ( Cumulative Index to nursing and allied health literature ), LILACS (Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em ciências da saúde), MedLine (Literatura Internacional em ciência da Saúde), PAHO (Biblioteca da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde) e SciELO ( Scientific Electronic Library Online ). Foram selecionados os seguintes descritores de assunto: Humanização; Humanização da Assistência; Acolhimento; Cuidado humanizado; Humanização em saúde; Vínculo; Programa de Saúde da Família; Atenção Básica; Saúde Coletiva e Sistema Único de Saúde. Para análise, foram incluídos artigos de pesquisa, estudos de caso, relatos de experiências, dissertações, teses e capítulos de livros, escritos em língua portuguesa, inglesa ou espanhola, publicados de 2003 a 2011. RESULTADOS : Das 4.127 publicações recuperadas sobre o tema, foram avaliadas e incluídas 40, chegando a três categorias centrais. A primeira, infraestrutura e organização dos serviços básicos de saúde, evidenciou insatisfação com a estrutura física e material e com os fluxos de atendimento que podem facilitar ou dificultar o acesso. A segunda refere-se ao processo de trabalho, que apresentou questões relacionadas ao número insuficiente de profissionais, fragmentação dos processos de trabalho, perfil e responsabilização profissional. A terceira consistiu das tecnologias das relações e apontou o acolhimento, vínculo, escuta, respeito e diálogo com os usuários. CONCLUSÕES : Embora muitas práticas sejam citadas como humanizadoras, não conseguem produzir mudanças nos serviços de saúde por falta de uma análise mais aprofundada nos processos de trabalho e de uma educação permanente no serviço.