Adaptação transcultural Portugal-Brasil do Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para estudantes

OBJETIVO: Realizar a adaptação transcultural da versão em português do Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para estudantes e investigar sua confiabilidade, validade e invariância transcultural. MÉTODOS: A validação de face envolveu participação de equipe multidisciplinar. Foi realizada validação de conteúdo. A versão em português foi preenchida em 2009, pela internet, por 958 estudantes universitários brasileiros e 556 portugueses da zona urbana. Realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória utilizando-se como índices de ajustamento o χ²/df, o comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI) e o root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Para verificação da estabilidade da solução fatorial conforme a versão original em inglês, realizou-se validação cruzada em 2/3 da amostra total e replicada no 1/3 restante. A validade convergente foi estimada pela variância extraída média e confiabilidade composta. Avaliou-se a validade discriminante e a consistência interna foi estimada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. A validade concorrente foi estimada por análise correlacional da versão em português e dos escores médios do Inventário de Burnout de Copenhague; a divergente foi comparada à Escala de Depressão de Beck. Foi avaliada a invariância do modelo entre a amostra brasileira e a portuguesa. RESULTADOS: O modelo trifatorial de Exaustão, Descrença e Eficácia apresentou ajustamento adequado (χ²/df = 8,498; CFI = 0,916; GFI = 0,902; RMSEA = 0,086). A estrutura fatorial foi estável (λ: χ²dif = 11,383, p = 0,50; Cov: χ²dif = 6,479, p = 0,372; Resíduos: χ²dif = 21,514, p = 0,121). Observou-se adequada validade convergente (VEM = 0,45;0,64, CC = 0,82;0,88), discriminante (ρ² = 0,06;0,33) e consistência interna (α = 0,83;0,88). A validade concorrente da versão em português com o Inventário de Copenhague foi adequada (r = 0,21;0,74). A avaliação da validade divergente do instrumento foi prejudicada pela aproximação do conceito teórico das dimensões Exaustão e Descrença da versão em português com a Escala de Beck. Não se observou invariância do instrumento entre as amostras brasileiras e portuguesas (λ:χ²dif = 84,768, p < 0,001; Cov: χ²dif = 129,206, p < 0,001; Resíduos: χ²dif = 518,760, p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: A versão em português do Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para estudantes apresentou adequada confiabilidade e validade, mas sua estrutura fatorial não foi invariante entre os países, apontando ausência de estabilidade transcultural.

Work environment, job satisfaction, stress and burnout among haemodialysis nurses

Aim To examine the relationships among nurse and work characteristics, job satisfaction, stress, burnout and the work environment of haemodialysis nurses. Background Haemodialysis nursing is characterised by frequent and intense contact with patients in a complex and intense environment. Method Cross-sectional online survey of 417 haemodialysis nurses that included nurse and work characteristics, the Brisbane Practice Environment Measure, Index of Work Satisfaction, Nursing Stress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results Haemodialysis nurses reported an acceptable level of job satisfaction and perceived their work environment positively, although high levels of burnout were found. Nurses who were older and had worked in haemodialysis the longest had higher satisfaction levels, experienced less stress and lower levels of burnout than younger nurses. The in-centre type of haemodialysis unit had greater levels of stress and burnout than home training units. Greater satisfaction with the work environment was strongly correlated with job satisfaction, lower job stress and emotional exhaustion. Conclusion Haemodialysis nurses experienced high levels of burnout even though their work environment was favourable and they had acceptable levels of job satisfaction. Implications for Nursing Management: Targeted strategies are required to retain and avoid burnout in younger and less experienced nurses in this highly specialised field of nursing.

Cognitive Functioning in Young Adults with Depression, Anxiety Disorders, or Burnout Symptoms : Findings from a Population-based Sample

Background. Evidence of cognitive dysfunction in depressive and anxiety disorders is growing. However, the neuropsychological profile of young adults has received only little systematic investigation, although depressive and anxiety disorders are major public health problems for this age group. Available studies have typically failed to account for psychiatric comorbidity, and samples derived from population-based settings have also seldom been investigated. Burnout-related cognitive functioning has previously been investigated in only few studies, again all using clinical samples and wide age groups. Aims. Based on the information gained by conducting a comprehensive review, studies on cognitive impairment in depressive and anxiety disorders among young adults are rare. The present study examined cognitive functioning in young adults with a history of unipolar depressive or anxiety disorders in comparison to healthy peers, and associations of current burnout symptoms with cognitive functioning, in a population-based setting. The aim was also to determine whether cognitive deficits vary as a function of different disorder characteristics, such as severity, psychiatric comorbidity, age at onset, or the treatments received. Methods. Verbal and visual short-term memory, verbal long-term memory and learning, attention, psychomotor processing speed, verbal intelligence, and executive functioning were measured in a population-based sample of 21-35 year olds. Performance was compared firstly between participants with pure non-psychotic depression (n=68) and healthy peers (n=70), secondly between pure (n=69) and comorbid depression (n=57), and thirdly between participants with anxiety disorders (n=76) and healthy peers (n=71). The diagnostic procedure was based on the SCID interview. Fourthly, the associations of current burnout symptoms, measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, and neuropsychological test performance were investigated among working young adults (n=225). Results. Young adults with depressive or anxiety disorders, with or without psychiatric comorbidity, were not found to have major cognitive impairments when compared to healthy peers. Only mildly compromised verbal learning was found among depressed participants. Pure and comorbid depression groups did not differ in cognitive functioning, either. Among depressed participants, those who had received treatment showed more impaired verbal memory and executive functioning, and earlier onset corresponded with more impaired executive functioning. In anxiety disorders, psychotropic medication and low psychosocial functioning were associated with deficits in executive functioning, psychomotor processing speed, and visual short-term memory. Current burnout symptoms were associated with better performance in verbal working memory and verbal intelligence. However, lower examiner-rated social and occupational functioning was associated with problems in verbal attention, memory, and learning. Conclusions. Depression, anxiety disorders, or burnout symptoms may not be associated with major cognitive deficits among young adults derived from the general population. Even psychiatric comorbidity may not aggravate cognitive functioning in depressive or anxiety disorders among these young adults. However, treatment-seeking in depression was found to be associated with cognitive deficits, suggesting that these deficits relate to increased distress. Additionally, early-onset depression, found to be associated with executive dysfunction, may represent a more severe form of the disorder. In anxiety disorders, those with low symptom-related psychosocial functioning may have cognitive impairment. An association with self-reported burnout symptoms and cognitive deficits was not detected, but individuals with low social and occupational functioning may have impaired cognition.

Occupational burnout and health

Occupational burnout and heath Occupational burnout is assumed to be a negative consequence of chronic work stress. In this study, it was explored in the framework of occupational health psychology, which focusses on psychologically mediated processes between work and health. The objectives were to examine the overlap between burnout and ill health in relation to mental disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases, which are the three commonest disease groups causing work disability in Finland; to study whether burnout can be distinguished from ill health by its relation to work characteristics and work disability; and to determine the socio-demographic correlates of burnout at the population level. A nationally representative sample of the Finnish working population aged 30 to 64 years (n = 3151-3424) from the multidisciplinary epidemiological Health 2000 Study was used. Burnout was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey. The diagnoses of common mental disorders were based on the standardized mental health interview (the Composite International Diagnostic Interview), and physical illnesses were determined in a comprehensive clinical health examination by a research physician. Medically certified sickness absences exceeding 9 work days during a 2-year period were extracted from a register of The Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Work stress was operationalized according to the job strain model. Gender, age, education, occupational status, and marital status were recorded as socio-demographic factors. Occupational burnout was related to an increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders and alcohol dependence among the men and women. Burnout was also related to musculoskeletal disorders among the women and cardiovascular diseases among the men independently of socio-demographic factors, physical strenuousness of work, health behaviour, and depressive symptoms. The odds of having at least one long, medically-certified sickness absence were higher for employees with burnout than for their colleagues without burnout. For severe burnout, this association was independent of co-occurring common mental disorders and physical illnesses for both genders, as was also the case for mild burnout among the women. In a subgroup of the men with absences, severe burnout was related to a greater number of absence days than among the women with absences. High job strain was associated with a higher occurrence of burnout and depressive disorders than low job strain was. Of these, the association between job strain and burnout was stronger, and it persisted after control for socio-demographic factors, health behaviour, physical illnesses, and various indicators of mental health. In contrast, job strain was not related to depressive disorders after burnout was accounted for. Among the working population over 30 years of age, burnout was positively associated with age. There was also a tendency towards higher levels of burnout among the women with low educational attainment and occupational status and among the unmarried men. In conclusion, a considerable overlap was found between burnout, mental disorders, and physical illnesses. Still, burnout did not seem to be totally redundant with respect to ill health. Burnout may be more strongly related to stressful work characteristics than depressive disorders are. In addition, burnout seems to be an independent risk factor for work disability, and it could possibly be used as a marker of health-impairing work stress. However, burnout may represent a different kind of risk factor for men and women, and this possibility needs to be taken into account in the promotion of occupational health.

Process of burnout: structure, antecedents, and consequences

The major changes that have been witnessed in today's workplaces are challenging the mental well-being of employed people. Stress and burnout are considered to be modern epidemics, and their importance to physical health and work ability has been acknowledged world-wide. The aim of the thesis was to study the concept of burnout as a process proceeding from its antecedents, through the development of the syndrome, and to its outcomes. Several work-related factors considered antecedents of burnout were studied in different occupational groups. The syndrome of burnout is seen as consisting of three dimensions - exhaustion, cynicism and lack of professional efficacy - and different alternatives for the sequential development of these dimensions were tested. Furthermore, several indicators of the severely detrimental health and work ability outcomes of burnout were investigated in a longitudinal study design. The research questions were as follows. 1) Is burnout, as measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS), a three-dimensional construct and how invariant is the factorial structure across occupations (Finnish) and national samples (Finnish, Swedish and Dutch)? How persistent is exhaustion over time? 2) What is the sequential process of burnout? Is it similar across occupations? How do work stressors relate to the process? 3) How does burnout relate to severe health consequences as well as temporary and chronic work disability according to hospitalization periods, sick-leave episodes and receiving disability pensions? The data were collected between 1986 and 2005. The population of the study consisted of respondents to a company-wide questionnaire survey carried out in 1996-1997 (N=9705, response rate 63%). The participants comprised 6025 blue-collar workers and 3680 white-collar workers. The majority were men (N=7494) and the average age was 43.7 years. In addition, a sample from the population had responded to a questionnaire survey in 1988, which was combined with the 1996 data to form panel data on 713 respondents. The register-based data were collected between 1986 and 2005 from 1) the company's occupational health services' records for a sample of respondents from the 1996 questionnaire survey (sick-leave data), 2) hospitalization records from the Hospital discharge register, and 3) disability pension records from the Finnish Centre for Pensions. These data were combined person by person with the 1996 questionnaire survey data with the help of personal identification numbers which were saved with the study numbers by the researchers. The results showed that burnout consists of three separate but correlating symptoms: exhaustion, cynicism and lack of professional efficacy. As a syndrome, burnout was strongly related to job stressors at work, and seemed to develop from exhaustion through cynicism to lack of professional efficacy in a similar manner among white-collar and blue-collar employees. The results also showed that exhaustion persisted even after eight years of follow-up but did not predict cynicism or lack of professional efficacy after that amount of time. Nor were job stressors longitudinally related to burnout. Longitudinal results were obtained for the severe health-related consequences of burnout. The investigated outcomes represented different phases of health deterioration ranging from sick-leaves and hospitalization periods to receiving work disability pensions. The results showed that burnout syndrome, and its elements of exhaustion and cynicism, were related to future mental and cardiovascular disorders as indicated by hospitalization periods. Burnout was also related to future sick-leave periods due to mental, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders. Of the separate elements, exhaustion was related to the same three categories of disorder, cynicism to mental, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders, and lack of professional efficacy to mental and musculoskeletal disorders. Burnout also predicted receiving disability pensions due to mental and musculoskeletal disorders among initially healthy subjects. Exhaustion was related to receiving disability pensions even when self-reported chronic illness was taken into account. The results suggest that burnout is a multidimensional, chronic, work-related syndrome, which may have serious consequences for health and work ability.

Satisfacción laboral y síndrome de burnout en docentes de nivel primario

Resumen: El trabajo docente no se reduce al dictado de clases, implica la ejecución de varias actividades como son el cuidado y mantenimiento de la escuela, la atención de los alumnos en su diversidad, la confección de materiales didácticos, la realización y presentación de trámites administrativos, la inserción en los programas de capacitación, y el contacto con los padres, con las autoridades y compañeros de trabajo; lo que implica un duro esfuerzo, una significativa carga psíquica en el trabajo. Cuando la motivación y la satisfacción por educar disminuyen, cuando el compromiso profesional y la vocación de enseñar no son suficientes para garantizar un desempeño satisfactorio y sobrellevar las diferentes situaciones de la labor cotidiana, aumenta la probabilidad de que el docente experimente malestar psicofísico y agotamiento. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el estado de satisfacción laboral de los docentes y su impacto en las dimensiones del Síndrome de Burnout. Se trabajó con una muestra de 229 profesores de nivel primario, de las provincias de Entre Ríos y Buenos Aires. Los resultados indicaron un efecto significativo de la satisfacción laboral sobre las diversas manifestaciones del síndrome. Los maestros más satisfechos con su trabajo mostraron puntuaciones más bajas de cansancio emocional y valores más elevados en ladimensión realización personal del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

A organização do trabalho na Unidade de Doenças Infecto-contagiosas e a ocorrência de Burnout nos trabalhadores de Enfermagem

Na organização do trabalho hospitalar há vários determinantes que acarretam no desgaste psicofísico do trabalhador de enfermagem, mesmo com o discurso de que gostam da profissão e se sentem realizados em cuidar de pessoas enfermas, especialmente, no cuidado de clientes adoecidos com o HIV/Aids. A Psicodinâmica do Trabalho é uma ciência que possibilita analisar a configuração da organização laboral, a qual comprovadamente incide na dimensão subjetiva do trabalhador, identificando o sofrimento psíquico, o que potencializa o desenvolvimento de doenças mentais, entre elas a Síndrome de Burnout. Nesta perspectiva, o objeto deste estudo trata da organização do trabalho na Unidade de Doença Infecto-Contagiosa, espaço de cuidado de clientes com HIV/Aids e a ocorrência de Burnout entre os trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuam neste espaço laboral. A fim de apreender o objeto traçaram-se três objetivos: a) identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores acerca das características do trabalho de enfermagem no contexto da Unidade de Doença Infecto-Contagiosa, local de assistência ao cliente portador do HIV/Aids; b) descrever as repercussões no processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem decorrente da assistência ao cliente com HIV/AIDS; e c) analisar as repercussões do processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem com vistas à identificação de situações do aparecimento da Síndrome de Burnout. Para a realização desta pesquisa, optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e exploratório. Os dados foram obtidos nos meses de maio a agosto de 2010, utilizando as seguintes fontes de coleta de informações: a entrevista semi-estruturada e o formulário Maslach Burnout Inventory. Optou-se por analisar as informações através do Método de Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que o perfil do profissional de enfermagem era composto por trabalhadores do sexo feminino, que estavam na faixa etária entre 44 e 54 anos de idade, na grande maioria técnicos de enfermagem com tempo médio de 2 a 10 anos de trabalho com clientes HIV/Aids. Verificou-se também que havia discrepâncias marcantes entre o trabalho prescrito e o real, o que acarretava sofrimento para o profissional de enfermagem. Constatou-se também que o sofrimento psíquico resultava da vivência cotidiana do processo de morte/morrer do cliente com HIV/Aids, pelo profissional de enfermagem. Além disso, este sofrimento era determinado também pela precarização das relações e das condições de trabalho. Concluiu-se que havia vários trabalhadores com fortes indícios de ocorrência de Burnout, tanto porque a organização do trabalho se configurava como incoerente e pouco racional como pelas características do processo de cuidar do cliente com HIV/Aids. Recomendam-se medidas que promovam a saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem e previnam os agravos em seus processos saúde-doença, tais como: a diminuição da carga emocional de trabalho, grupos de reflexão, ginástica laboral, entre outras. É preciso haver conscientização dos gestores, vontade política e estímulo da organização laboral para que os trabalhadores participem.

Análise comparativa entre mobbing e dimensões do burnout nos servidores da justiça do trabalho

O presente estudo, epidemiológico e de caráter exploratório, tem como objeti-vo analisar, comparativamente, as relações entre mobbing (assédio moral) e as di-mensões da Síndrome de Burnout em servidores da justiça do trabalho. A escolha deste tópico de pesquisa é justificada pelo aumento dos números estatísticos e pela evidência empírica de que o burnout é o dano mais prevalente que acomete vítimas de mobbing. Os 552 participantes desta pesquisa constituem uma amostra repre-sentativa, extraída de uma população de 3239 servidores públicos. O respectivo plano amostral levou em consideração variáveis sócio-demográficas, entre as quais: gênero, cargo, escolaridade e outras de relevância para a pesquisa. Foram quatro os instrumentos de medida aplicados nos participantes: um questionário sócio-demográfico, a Escala de Percepção do Assédio Moral no Trabalho - EP-AMT (Mar-tins; Ferraz, 2008), a Escala de Impacto Afetivo do Assédio Moral no Trabalho - EIA-AMT (Martins; Ferraz, 2008) e o Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey MBI-GS (Maslach; Schaufeli, 1993). Na análise estatística, foram utilizados os softwares SPSS V17, Minitab 16 e Excel Office 2010 e, para medir a significância entre as amostras, foi utilizada a estatística t de Student. Os resultados desta investigação permitem identificar a existência de interfaces entre os construtos mobbing e bur-nout. Além disso, os dados gerados pela pesquisa favorecem a construção de indi-cadores úteis ao planejamento de ações em políticas públicas de prevenção, anteci-pação, identificação, intervenção e enfrentamento de casos de assédio moral e bur-nout no ambiente laboral, com conseqüente preservação da saúde mental dos traba-lhadores desse segmento.

Síndrome de Burnout em farmacêuticos

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas

Burnout as a predictor of all-cause mortality among industrial employees: A 10-year prospective register-linkage study

Objective: Burnout, a psychological consequence of prolonged work stress, has been shown to coexist with physical and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether burnout is related to all-cause mortality among employees. Methods: In 1996, of 15,466 Finnish forest industry employees, 9705 participated in the 'Still Working' study and 8371 were subsequently identified from the National Population Register. Those who had been treated in a hospital for the most common causes of death prior to the assessment of burnout were excluded on the basis of the Hospital Discharge Register, resulting in a final study population of 7396 people. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Dates of death from 1996 to 2006 were extracted from the National Mortality Register. Mortality was predicted with Cox hazard regression models, controlling for baseline sociodemographic factors and register-based health status according to entitled medical reimbursement and prescribed medication for mental health problems, cardiac risk factors, and pain problems. Results: During the 10-year 10-month follow-up, a total of 199 employees had died. The risk of mortality per one-unit increase in burnout was 35% higher (95% CI 1.07-1.71) for total score and 26% higher (0.99-1.60) for exhaustion, 29% higher for cynicism (1.03-1.62), and 22% higher for diminished professional efficacy (0.96-1.55) in participants who had been under 45 at baseline. After adjustments, only the associations regarding burnout and exhaustion were statistically significant. Burnout was not related to mortality among the older employees. Conclusion: Burnout, especially work-related exhaustion, may be a risk for overall survival. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

O Burnout e o engagement: estudo numa amostra de professores do ensino superior público português

Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Politécnico do Porto para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Gestão das Organizações, Ramo de Gestão de Empresas. Inclui as sugestões do Jurí Orientada por Prof.ª Doutora Maria Alexandra Pacheco Ribeiro da Costa

Le burnout de l'élève : validation du School Burnout Inventory, identification de facteurs de risque et de protection et exploration des liens avec la consomation de substances

Syndrome de stress scolaire chronique, le bumout de l'élève ou bumout scolaire suscite un intérêt grandissant mais ses déterminants sont encore peu connus. De plus, ce phénomène est rarement étudié chez les adolescents francophones et aucune recherche n'a encore été menée en Suisse. Par conséquent, au travers de ce travail de thèse, nous proposons d'étendre la recherche sur le bumout scolaire aux adolescents de Suisse francophone et d'apporter des précisions sur ses facteurs de risque ou de protection. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené deux recherches empiriques impliquant 861 adolescents âgés de 14 à 18 ans et scolarisés en Suisse francophone. Ces adolescents ont répondu à une série d'échelles évaluant notamment le burnout scolaire, le stress scolaire, le soutien social, la consommation de substances et le parcours scolaire. Les résultats montrent tout d'abord que l'inventaire de Burnout Scolaire, version française du School Burnout lnventory, est un outil fiable et valide. Ensuite, il apparaît que le burnout scolaire touche jusqu'à 24% des adolescents de Suisse francophone et que ce dernier se caractérise par une perte d'intérêt pour l'école, une grande remise en question du sens du travail scolaire ainsi qu'un sentiment élevé d'insuffisance à l'école. Il apparaît également que le stress scolaire lié au succès et à l'avenir scolaire augmente le risque de bumout alors que le soutien des parents et des enseignants le diminue. Par ailleurs, nous mettons en évidence que l'effet du soutien social sur le burnout scolaire est médiatisé par le stress scolaire, ce qui souligne d'autant plus le rôle protecteur du soutien social. Nos résultats montrent également que les niveaux de bumout scolaire varient en fonction, d'une part de certaines caractéristiques du contexte scolaire et d'autre part en fonction de la sévérité de la consommation de substances des adolescents. Enfin, les connaissances accumulées dans ce travail et leur mise en perspective dans un modèle d'intervention précoce permettent d'insister sur le rôle de l'école et des professionnels de l'école dans la prévention du burnout scolaire. -- Syndrome of chronic school stress, pupil 's bumout or school bumout is of growing interest. However, little is known about its determinants. Moreover, this phenomenon is rarely studied in French speaking adolescents and no research has yet been conducted in Switzerland. Therefore, through this thesis, we propose to extend the research on school bumout to Swiss French speaking adolescents and to clarify its risk and protective factors. To achieve this, we conducted two empirical research involving 861 adolescents aged 14 to 18 and enrolled in the French part of Switzerland. These adolescents were asked to answer a questionnaire about school bumout, academic stress, social support, substance use and schooling. Results first show, that the French version of the School Bumout Inventory is a reliable and valid tool. lt then appears that school bumout affects up to 24% of adolescents in the French speaking part of Switzerland and that this phenomenon is characterized by a loss of interest in school, a great challenge to the sense of school work and a high sense of insufissance school. lt also appears that stress related to school success and academic future increases the risk of bumout while parents and teachers support decreases it. Moreover, we highlight that the effect of social support on school bumout is mediated by school stress, which further underscores the protective role of social support. Our results also show that school bumout levels vary depending on characteristics of the school context and on the severity of substance use of adolecents. Finally, the knowledge accumulated in this work and putting it onto perspective within early intervention model enable to insist on the role of school and school professionals in the prevention of school bumout

L'Exercici de la docència de la psicologia i el Burnout

En l’actualitat el burnout o síndrome de cremar-se per la feina és considerat un risc emergent als països occidentals essent el col·lectiu docent un dels més afectats. L’espai europeu d’educació superior proposa un nou rol pel professor que haurà de ser compaginat amb la gestió, la recerca i la transferència de coneixement. En la present recerca s’analitza el nivell de burnout en una mostra formada per 42 docents (mitjana d’edat: 37,21 anys; D.T.: 8,98; 70,8% dones) del departament de Psicologia de la Universitat de Girona. El burnout s’ha avaluat amb el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) així com amb un qüestionari d’elaboració pròpia que recull variables sociodemogràfiques, característiques del tipus de treball i de l’ús del temps lliure, el locus de control i el burnout percebut. Els resultats obtinguts indiquen valors mitjans en les puntuacions de les dimensions Cansament Emocional i Despersonalització, i valors elevats en Realització Personal. El 20,5% dels docents es percep cremat per la feina

El Burnout percibido o sensación de estar quemado en profesionales sanitarios: prevalencia y factores asociados

Depending on the various models explaining the burnout syndrome, different questionnaires have been developed to asses this topic, the most widely-used is the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Moreover, in trying to asses this syndrome in a faster and more practical way, several authors have developed other instruments with fewer items. The present investigation aims: 1. Study the prevalence of burnout syndrome perceived using a simple measure of self-reported burnout, and to analyse its association with the scales of MBI. 2. Study demographic and work conditions associated with the perceived burnout. 3. Relate the burnout to personal and work evaluations. The sample consist of 6150 health professionals in Latin America (mainly from Argentina but with representation from Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Uruguay, Guatemala and Spain, among others. The mean age of the sample was 42.4 years, 52.7% were males. They were supplied with an online questionnaire through the health web page ”Intramed” in order to measure characteristics, perceptions and professional opinions. The MBI and a simple question to assess perceptions of burnout (Do you feel burnt out ?) was also included. The results indicated that 36.3% of the sample has the perception of “burnt out” or burnout . The perceived burnout is closely related to emotional exhaustion and is independent of depersonalisation. The burnout is associated with the perceived sense of personal and family deterioration due to working conditions, and the idea of abandoning the profession

Sindrome de burnout y factores asociados en personal de salud de tres instituciones de Bogotá en diciembre de 2010

Introducción: El síndrome de burnout (SB) ha tomado relevancia clínica y social a nivel mundial, estudiado bajo variadas metodologías con resultados no comparables, con algunas aproximaciones en Colombia, que justifican profundizar su conocimiento en el contexto de Bogotá. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal, con el objetivo de identificar la prevalencia de SB, dimensiones que lo componen y factores asociados. Se utilizó cuestionario de variables socio demográficas y cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), con análisis descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado en SPSS. Resultados: Se encuestaron 184 trabajadores de la salud -médicos, enfermeras y personal auxiliar-, 139 mujeres (75,5%) y 45 hombres (24,5%), con una prevalencia del 2,2% para SB. En modelo de regresión logística multinomial se encontró asociación significativa (p<0.05) para baja realización personal y despersonalización. Prevalencia para agotamiento emocional 20,6%, despersonalización 16,8% y baja realización personal 7,6%. Discusión: La comparación de los resultados es compleja de acuerdo a las diferentes escalas de mediciones utilizadas en otros estudios. Es importante resaltar el papel protagónico del las mujeres en la muestra, lo cual puede influir en la presentación del burnout bajo la perspectiva de la ambigüedad de roles. Conclusiones: Una prevalencia del 2,2% para síndrome de burnout, niveles de agotamiento emocional y despersonalización de 20,6% y 16,8% en el grupo estudiado hacen preciso profundizar el estudio, con inclusión de factores transculturales y características particulares relacionadas con el oficio del personal de salud en grandes ciudades, que puede afectarse con variables del entorno que generan estrés y pueden influir en la presentación del síndrome.