Cultura organizacional e mudança cultural: a contribuição sahliniana e o caso Cedejor

Esta tese tem como objetivo propor novos caminhos para a discussão sobre a cultura organizacional. Tradicionalmente, os debates sobre o tema no âmbito da teoria das organizações assimilam referenciais teóricos e metodológicos oriundos da antropologia; em especial, as premissas e conceitos que compõem os paradigmas funcionalista e interpretativo. Nesta interdisciplinaridade, as discussões sobre a mudança cultural nas organizações não assimilaram referenciais de análise que dessem conta das maneiras como os grupos sociais de fato mudam e evoluem. Na realidade, a matriz disciplinar da antropologia caracteriza-se pela oposição entre diacronia e sincronia – que assume a forma dos pares opostos sistema e evento, história e estrutura, estabilidade e mudança, entre outros. Com base nesta polarização, os antropólogos construíram tradições de estudos que destacam a continuidade em detrimento da mudança, ou ainda, a estrutura em detrimento da história. Mais recentemente, entretanto, as idéias de Sahlins, ou a antropologia histórico-estrutural, sugerem não haver razão para a polarização excludente entre história e estrutura, considerando-se a complexidade e especificidade dos fenômenos culturais. Ao sugerir a inseparabilidade entre continuidade e mudança, Sahlins propõe redefinições importantes nos conceitos clássicos de cultura, incorporando às discussões antropológicas uma série de questões desprestigiadas pelos paradigmas clássicos; em especial, a mudança cultural. Neste sentido, propõe-se que a incorporação das propostas da antropologia histórico-estrutural às discussões sobre a cultura organizacional tem o potencial de fazer avançar os debates acerca das maneiras como as organizações evoluem ao permitir a análise das continuidades e descontinuidades que caracterizam estes sistemas culturais. Ao problematizar os conceitos tradicionais de cultura organizacional, este movimento contribuiria sobremaneira à temática da mudança cultural nas organizações, por exemplo, ao viabilizar o desenvolvimento de uma perspectiva cultural à aprendizagem organizacional. A contribuição da antropologia histórico-estrutural é ilustrada por meio de um estudo de caso etnográfico realizado no núcleo de Albardão do CEDEJOR – Centro de Desenvolvimento do Jovem rural –, que reúne 30 jovens da comunidade do sétimo distrito rural do município de Rio Pardo, no Rio Grande do Sul. O CEDEJOR é uma ONG que atua na região Sul do Brasil, tendo como objetivos promover o empreendedorismo e o desenvolvimento do jovem rural através de processos educativos e participativos, buscando a sustentabilidade e a melhoria da qualidade de vida das comunidades rurais, e tendo o jovem como protagonista. Com base nas idéias de Sahlins, a análise do caso sugere ser a cultura sistema e evento, ambigüidade e consenso, e estrutura e história, simultaneamente.

Host use and crop impacts of Oribius Marshall species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea

Oribius species are small flightless weevils endemic to the island of New Guinea and far northern Cape York, Australia. The adults feed externally on leaves, developing fruit and green bark, but their impact as pests and general host use patterns are poorly known. Working in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea, we carried out structured host use surveys, farmer surveys, shade-house growth trials, and on-farm and on-station impact trials to: (i) estimate the host range of the local Oribius species; (ii) understand adult daily activity patterns; (iii) elucidate feeding habits of the soil dwelling larvae; and (iv) quantify the impacts of adult feeding damage. Oribius inimicus and O. destructor accounted for nearly all the Oribius species encountered locally: of these two O. inimicus was the most abundant. Weevils were collected from 31 of 33 plants surveyed in the Aiyura Valley and a combination of farmer interviews and literature records provided evidence for the beetles being pestiferous on 43 crops currently or previously grown in the Highlands. Adult weevils had a distinct diurnal pattern of being in the upper plant canopy early in the morning and, to a lesser extent, again late in the afternoon. For the remainder of the day beetles resided within the canopy, or possibly off the plant. Movement of adults between plants appeared frequent. Pot trials confirmed the larvae are root feeders. Quantified impact studies showed that the weevils are damaging to a range of vegetable and orchard crops (broccoli, capsicum, celery, French bean, Irish potato, lettuce, orange and strawberry), causing average yield losses of around 30-40%, but up to 100% on citrus. Oribius weevils pose a significant and apparently growing problem for Highland’s agriculture.

Louis Marshall papers undated, 1905-1933

Chiefly material relating to activities against restrictive immigration legislation; also some items referring to decisions of the United States Supreme Court and naturalization of immigrants. Correspondence with members of the American Jewish Committee, primarily Herbert Friedenwald, Fulton Brylawski, and Max James Kohler. Contains also printed extracts of Congressional hearings and Congressional record.

Selected topics in financial engineering: first-exit times and dependence structures of Marshall-Olkin Kind

146 p.

Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands coral reef ecosystems mapping report

Digital maps of the coral reef ecosystem (<~30m deep) of Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, were created through visual interpretation of remote sensing imagery. Digital Globe’s Quickbird II satellite images were acquired between 2004 and 2006 and georeferenced to within 1.6 m of their true positions. Reef ecosystem features were digitized directly into a GIS at a display scale of 1:4000 using a minimum feature size of 1000 square meters. Benthic features were categorized according to a classification scheme with attributes including zone (location, such as lagoon or forereef, etc.), structure (bottom type, such as sand or patch reef, etc.) and percent hard bottom. Ground validation of habitat features was conducted at 311 sites in 2009. Resulting maps consisted of 1829 features covering 366 square kilometers. Results demonstrate that reef zones occurred in a typical progression of narrow bands from offshore, though forereef, reef flat, shoreline, land, backreef, and lagoon habitats. Lagoon was the largest zone mapped and covered nearly 80% of the atoll, although much of it was too deep to have structures identified from the satellite imagery. Dominant habitat structures by area were pavement and aggregate reef, which covered 29% and 18% of the mapped structures, respectively. Based on the number of features, individual and aggregated patch reefs comprised over 40% of the features mapped. Products include GIS based maps, field videos and pictures, satellite imagery, PDF atlas, and this summary report. Maps and associated data can be used to support science and management activities on Majuro reef ecosystems including inventory, monitoring, conservation, and sustainable development applications.

Atlas of the shallow-water benthic habitats of Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands

Digital maps of the shallow (<~30m deep) coral reef ecosystems of Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, were created through visual interpretation of remote sensing imagery acquired between 2004 and 2006. Reef ecosystem features were digitized directly into a Geographic Information System. Benthic features were categorized according to a classification scheme with attributes including zone (location such as lagoon or forereef, etc.), structure (bottom type such as sand or patch reef, etc.) and percent hard bottom. This atlas consists of 27 detailed maps displaying reef zone and structure of coral ecosystems around Majuro. Adjacent maps in the atlas overlap slightly to ensure complete coverage. Maps and associated products can be used to support science and management activities on Majuro reef ecosystems including inventory, monitoring, conservation, and sustainable development applications. Maps are not to be used for navigation.

Christian missions ; their agents, and their results / by T.W.M. Marshall.

http://www.archive.org/details/a592254601marsuoft

Christian missions : their agents and their results (vol. 1) / by T.W.M. Marshall.

http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0665456816&id=sipohllLjKQC&dq=protestant+missions&a_sbrr=1 View book via Google

Christian missions : their agents and their results (vol. 2) / by T.W.M. Marshall.

http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0665456816&id=sipohllLjKQC&dq=protestant+missions&a_sbrr=1 View book via Google

The jubilee story of the China Inland Mission : with portraits, illustrations & maps / by Marshall Broomhall.

http://www.archive.org/details/jubileechinamis00broouoft

Last letters & further records of martyred missionaries of the China Inland Mission / edited by Marshall Broomhall.

http://www.archive.org/details/lastlettersfurth00unknuoft