963 resultados para Maréchal, Ed.-Sim.
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In questa tesi si andrà a presentare la realizzazione di un sistema che permette di autenticare la sim di un cellulare, quindi di verificare che un determinato numero di telefono sia realmente nelle mani dell'utente, attraverso servizi di messaggistica online come WhatsApp o Telegram. Il bisogno di questo progetto nasce dal fatto che molte delle attuali applicazioni presenti sul mercato utilizzano sms per autenticare la reale appartenenza di un numero telefonico ad un determinato utente, ma questo comporta un notevole dispendio di soldi, dato che per inviare un gran numero di sms, bisogna sottoscrivere un abbonamento a servizi Gateway Sms che permettono di inviare sms ad un determinato numero dopo aver ricevuto i relativi dati dal mittente.
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O plenário disse SIM a todo o projeto da Constituição, que foi aprovado em globo. O presidente avisou que colocaria todo o projeto, vários deputados solicitaram a votação título por título. O líder Nelson Jobin defendeu a votação em globo, pois acredita que não impedirá as negociações. O projeto foi aprovado com 403 SIMs , 13 NÃOs e 55 abstenções. O presidente Ulysses Guimarães e vários constituintes avaliaram positivamente a votação e se preparam para a votação das emendas.
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Comprend : Mémoires du comte de Forbin,... ; Mémoires de Duguay-Trouin,...
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Introduction 1.1 Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the environment Worldwide industrial and agricultural developments have released a large number of natural and synthetic hazardous compounds into the environment due to careless waste disposal, illegal waste dumping and accidental spills. As a result, there are numerous sites in the world that require cleanup of soils and groundwater. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the major groups of these contaminants (Da Silva et al., 2003). PAHs constitute a diverse class of organic compounds consisting of two or more aromatic rings with various structural configurations (Prabhu and Phale, 2003). Being a derivative of benzene, PAHs are thermodynamically stable. In addition, these chemicals tend to adhere to particle surfaces, such as soils, because of their low water solubility and strong hydrophobicity, and this results in greater persistence under natural conditions. This persistence coupled with their potential carcinogenicity makes PAHs problematic environmental contaminants (Cerniglia, 1992; Sutherland, 1992). PAHs are widely found in high concentrations at many industrial sites, particularly those associated with petroleum, gas production and wood preserving industries (Wilson and Jones, 1993). 1.2 Remediation technologies Conventional techniques used for the remediation of soil polluted with organic contaminants include excavation of the contaminated soil and disposal to a landfill or capping - containment - of the contaminated areas of a site. These methods have some drawbacks. The first method simply moves the contamination elsewhere and may create significant risks in the excavation, handling and transport of hazardous material. Additionally, it is very difficult and increasingly expensive to find new landfill sites for the final disposal of the material. The cap and containment method is only an interim solution since the contamination remains on site, requiring monitoring and maintenance of the isolation barriers long into the future, with all the associated costs and potential liability. A better approach than these traditional methods is to completely destroy the pollutants, if possible, or transform them into harmless substances. Some technologies that have been used are high-temperature incineration and various types of chemical decomposition (for example, base-catalyzed dechlorination, UV oxidation). However, these methods have significant disadvantages, principally their technological complexity, high cost , and the lack of public acceptance. Bioremediation, on the contrast, is a promising option for the complete removal and destruction of contaminants. 1.3 Bioremediation of PAH contaminated soil & groundwater Bioremediation is the use of living organisms, primarily microorganisms, to degrade or detoxify hazardous wastes into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide, water and cell biomass Most PAHs are biodegradable unter natural conditions (Da Silva et al., 2003; Meysami and Baheri, 2003) and bioremediation for cleanup of PAH wastes has been extensively studied at both laboratory and commercial levels- It has been implemented at a number of contaminated sites, including the cleanup of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska in 1989, the Mega Borg spill off the Texas coast in 1990 and the Burgan Oil Field, Kuwait in 1994 (Purwaningsih, 2002). Different strategies for PAH bioremediation, such as in situ , ex situ or on site bioremediation were developed in recent years. In situ bioremediation is a technique that is applied to soil and groundwater at the site without removing the contaminated soil or groundwater, based on the provision of optimum conditions for microbiological contaminant breakdown.. Ex situ bioremediation of PAHs, on the other hand, is a technique applied to soil and groundwater which has been removed from the site via excavation (soil) or pumping (water). Hazardous contaminants are converted in controlled bioreactors into harmless compounds in an efficient manner. 1.4 Bioavailability of PAH in the subsurface Frequently, PAH contamination in the environment is occurs as contaminants that are sorbed onto soilparticles rather than in phase (NAPL, non aqueous phase liquids). It is known that the biodegradation rate of most PAHs sorbed onto soil is far lower than rates measured in solution cultures of microorganisms with pure solid pollutants (Alexander and Scow, 1989; Hamaker, 1972). It is generally believed that only that fraction of PAHs dissolved in the solution can be metabolized by microorganisms in soil. The amount of contaminant that can be readily taken up and degraded by microorganisms is defined as bioavailability (Bosma et al., 1997; Maier, 2000). Two phenomena have been suggested to cause the low bioavailability of PAHs in soil (Danielsson, 2000). The first one is strong adsorption of the contaminants to the soil constituents which then leads to very slow release rates of contaminants to the aqueous phase. Sorption is often well correlated with soil organic matter content (Means, 1980) and significantly reduces biodegradation (Manilal and Alexander, 1991). The second phenomenon is slow mass transfer of pollutants, such as pore diffusion in the soil aggregates or diffusion in the organic matter in the soil. The complex set of these physical, chemical and biological processes is schematically illustrated in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, biodegradation processes are taking place in the soil solution while diffusion processes occur in the narrow pores in and between soil aggregates (Danielsson, 2000). Seemingly contradictory studies can be found in the literature that indicate the rate and final extent of metabolism may be either lower or higher for sorbed PAHs by soil than those for pure PAHs (Van Loosdrecht et al., 1990). These contrasting results demonstrate that the bioavailability of organic contaminants sorbed onto soil is far from being well understood. Besides bioavailability, there are several other factors influencing the rate and extent of biodegradation of PAHs in soil including microbial population characteristics, physical and chemical properties of PAHs and environmental factors (temperature, moisture, pH, degree of contamination). Figure 1: Schematic diagram showing possible rate-limiting processes during bioremediation of hydrophobic organic contaminants in a contaminated soil-water system (not to scale) (Danielsson, 2000). 1.5 Increasing the bioavailability of PAH in soil Attempts to improve the biodegradation of PAHs in soil by increasing their bioavailability include the use of surfactants , solvents or solubility enhancers.. However, introduction of synthetic surfactant may result in the addition of one more pollutant. (Wang and Brusseau, 1993).A study conducted by Mulder et al. showed that the introduction of hydropropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HPCD), a well-known PAH solubility enhancer, significantly increased the solubilization of PAHs although it did not improve the biodegradation rate of PAHs (Mulder et al., 1998), indicating that further research is required in order to develop a feasible and efficient remediation method. Enhancing the extent of PAHs mass transfer from the soil phase to the liquid might prove an efficient and environmentally low-risk alternative way of addressing the problem of slow PAH biodegradation in soil.
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La previsione dei temporali rappresenta una delle operazioni più impegnative e complesse per chi svolge il mestiere di meteorologo, soprattutto se effettuata con molte ore di anticipo rispetto all'evento; ciò è riconducibile alla molteplicità di parametri da cui questi fenomeni dipendono ed all'incertezza che si riscontra nella simulazione degli indici di instabilità. In questo elaborato viene presentata ed approfondita una tecnica di elaborazione dei dati provenienti da radiosondaggi previsti, con lo scopo di migliorare la previsione dei temporali relativa al giorno successivo. Nel 1987 Colquhoun elaborò un albero decisionale per la previsione di temporali in Australia, basato sul superamento di soglie degli indici di instabilità. Qui di seguito, si propone di testare la validità dello stesso schema decisionale alla previsione di temporali in Pianura Padana ed in particolare in Emilia Romagna, procedendo ad un confronto tra gli eventi previsti ed i fenomeni osservati; la previsione si basa sull'output dell'albero decisionale utilizzando gli indici di instabilità previsti dai LAM COSMO-I7 e COSMO-I2 nel periodo +24/+48 ore, mentre l'osservazione dei temporali viene ricavata tramite consultazione quotidiana di METAR,SYNOP,SYREP, e mappe di fulminazioni relative al quadriennio 2010-2013. L'indice assunto per valutare l'affidabilità delle previsioni fornite è il Threat Score che presenta due limiti fondamentali: la dipendenza dal numero di eventi e l'incapacità di differenziare i falsi allarmi dai mancati allarmi. Ciò nonostante, questo indice rappresenta il miglior modo per ricavare una informazione complessiva e definire se la previsione fornita corrisponde ad una buona previsione. Lo stesso test viene effettuato sull'albero decisionale in uso presso la sala operativa di ARPA-SIM e dal confronto con l'albero di Colquhoun si deducono i limiti legati alla modellistica numerica che fornisce i dati in input. Infine il test sui parametri termodinamici previsti dai modelli COSMO-I2 e COSMO-I7 dimostra gli errori commessi sulla previsione a +24 e +36 ore dalle simulazioni. Questo lavoro si pone all'interno di un progetto più ampio di verifica della modellistica numerica sviluppata dal consorzio COSMO, al quale l'Italia aderisce attraverso la collaborazione di ARPA Emilia Romagna, ARPA Piemonte ed Aeronautica Militare. In particolare sono sottoposte a test le performances dei due modelli LAM sviluppati completamente in Italia ed utilizzati anche dal Dipartimento della protezione civile nazionale.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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3 t. en 1 v.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Grab. xil. en preliminares (dedicatoria)
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Grab. xil. en preliminares (dedicatoria)
