233 resultados para Manchas
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São apresentadas medidas para o controle do fungo Cloridium musae. Doença que ataca o cultivo dos bananais provocando a morte prematura de folhas e consequente redução da produção de frutos.
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2008
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UANL
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Se trata de una unidad didáctica que a través de la mancha y el contraste de colores pretende estimular la creatividad del alumnado. Gracias a la educación artística no hay barreras para el alumnado, que se enriquece conjunta y emocionalmente de sus propias creaciones e interactúan con el mundo que les rodea .
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Este artigo é um estudo sobre os três grupos de peças denominados Três Manchas, do compositor brasileiro Luiz Cosme (1908-1965): Três Manchas para piano (1930), Três Manchas Gaúchas para canto e piano (1931) e Três Manchas de Cecília Meireles (1947). Este trabalho envolveu a busca pelas partituras das três séries de Manchas, a descrição deste material, bem como a comparação entre edições diferentes e fontes primárias. Além disso, foi feita uma descrição comentada sobre o conteúdo musical de cada uma das peças.
Sistema inteligente para detecção de manchas de óleo na superfície marinha através de imagens de SAR
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Oil spill on the sea, accidental or not, generates enormous negative consequences for the affected area. The damages are ambient and economic, mainly with the proximity of these spots of preservation areas and/or coastal zones. The development of automatic techniques for identification of oil spots on the sea surface, captured through Radar images, assist in a complete monitoring of the oceans and seas. However spots of different origins can be visualized in this type of imaging, which is a very difficult task. The system proposed in this work, based on techniques of digital image processing and artificial neural network, has the objective to identify the analyzed spot and to discern between oil and other generating phenomena of spot. Tests in functional blocks that compose the proposed system allow the implementation of different algorithms, as well as its detailed and prompt analysis. The algorithms of digital image processing (speckle filtering and gradient), as well as classifier algorithms (Multilayer Perceptron, Radial Basis Function, Support Vector Machine and Committe Machine) are presented and commented.The final performance of the system, with different kind of classifiers, is presented by ROC curve. The true positive rates are considered agreed with the literature about oil slick detection through SAR images presents
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Objective to establish a methodology for the oil spill monitoring on the sea surface, located at the Submerged Exploration Area of the Polo Region of Guamaré, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, using orbital images of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR integrated with meteoceanographycs products. This methodology was applied in the following stages: (1) the creation of a base map of the Exploration Area; (2) the processing of NOAA/AVHRR and ERS-2 images for generation of meteoceanographycs products; (3) the processing of RADARSAT-1 images for monitoring of oil spills; (4) the integration of RADARSAT-1 images with NOAA/AVHRR and ERS-2 image products; and (5) the structuring of a data base. The Integration of RADARSAT-1 image of the Potiguar Basin of day 21.05.99 with the base map of the Exploration Area of the Polo Region of Guamaré for the identification of the probable sources of the oil spots, was used successfully in the detention of the probable spot of oil detected next to the exit to the submarine emissary in the Exploration Area of the Polo Region of Guamaré. To support the integration of RADARSAT-1 images with NOAA/AVHRR and ERS-2 image products, a methodology was developed for the classification of oil spills identified by RADARSAT-1 images. For this, the following algorithms of classification not supervised were tested: K-means, Fuzzy k-means and Isodata. These algorithms are part of the PCI Geomatics software, which was used for the filtering of RADARSAT-1 images. For validation of the results, the oil spills submitted to the unsupervised classification were compared to the results of the Semivariogram Textural Classifier (STC). The mentioned classifier was developed especially for oil spill classification purposes and requires PCI software for the whole processing of RADARSAT-1 images. After all, the results of the classifications were analyzed through Visual Analysis; Calculation of Proportionality of Largeness and Analysis Statistics. Amongst the three algorithms of classifications tested, it was noted that there were no significant alterations in relation to the spills classified with the STC, in all of the analyses taken into consideration. Therefore, considering all the procedures, it has been shown that the described methodology can be successfully applied using the unsupervised classifiers tested, resulting in a decrease of time in the identification and classification processing of oil spills, if compared with the utilization of the STC classifier
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The leaf spot (Mycosphaerella leaf disease = MLD) caused by Teratosphaeria nubilosa has caused damage in eucalypt plantations in southern and southeastern Brazil. The need to assess the disease in the field to evaluate of this damage, efficiency control, evaluation of germplasm induces to the necessity of having a visual scale for evaluation of disease. The objective was to develop a diagrammatic scale for young leaves and one for adult leaves of Eucalyptus globules for MLD. To do so, the leaves collected in the field were scanned for image analysis. The damaged area, the healthy leaf area and the external area of the same scale RGB (Red, Green, Blue) were determined. Subsequently, it was determinate the levels of severity depending on the sample distribution with seven levels for young leaves and six for adult leaves. For the visual acuity test and validate the scale, the leaves were evaluated for severity, with and without scale. With this proposed scales, the assessors showed good accuracy both for young and adult leaves with R2=0,98 and R2=0,80, respectively. The importance of the development of diagrammatic scales for assessing MLD in eucalyptus must to the fact that allows quantification of the symptoms accurately and precisely.
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Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA
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O presente estudo foi desenvolvido no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho (PECB), situado na Serra de Paranapiacaba, região sudeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Ocupa uma área de aproximadamente 37.000 ha e abriga um dos mais bem preservados remanescentes de Mata Ombrófila Densa. No trabalho em questão, foi relacionada a regeneração natural na presença e ausência de Calathea communis (Marantaceae), bem como avaliou-se a interferência dos ambientes de encosta e de fundo de vale sobre o número e diversidade de regenerantes. Para a escolha dos pontos de amostragem, cada um de 6 transectos (com cerca de 1 km de extensão) foi dividido em 20 frações de 50 metros, sendo então sorteados 10 pontos por ambiente topográfico. Das 120 parcelas que amostraram a regeneração (1X1m), 30 envolveram sítios de ocorrência com C. communis em ambiente de encosta, e 30 em fundo de vale. O mesmo se repetiu para as áreas com sua ausência (60 parcelas). Levantou-se os regenerantes, entre 10 e 150 cm de altura, divididos em três classes de tamanho: A (10-15cm), B (16-50cm) e C (51-150cm). Para a classe A, a amostragem foi feita, apenas, para a quantificação de regenerantes; para a classe B houve uma separação por morfoespécies; e para a classe C os regenerantes foram identificados em nível de espécie. Alguns parâmetros de estrutura de habitat foram avaliados para a caracterização dos microsítios: luminosidade, declividade, cobertura de dossel e porcentagem de cobertura de C. communis. Confirmou-se a interferência de C. communis sobre a diversidade e abundância de regenerantes, ficando as variações topográficas (encosta e fundo de vale) com influência secundária sobre sua distribuição.