Gold or green: the debate on Open Access policies

The movement for open access to science seeks to achieve unrestricted and free access to academic publications on the Internet. To this end, two mechanisms have been established: the gold road, in which scientific journals are openly accessible, and the green road, in which publications are self-archived in repositories. The publication of the Finch Report in 2012, advocating exclusively the adoption of the gold road, generated a debate as to whether either of the two options should be prioritized. The recommendations of the Finch Report stirred controversy among academicians specialized in open access issues, who felt that the role played by repositories was not adequately considered and because the green road places the burden of publishing costs basically on authors. The Finch Report"s conclusions are compatible with the characteristics of science communication in the UK and they could surely also be applied to the (few) countries with a powerful publishing industry and substantial research funding. In Spain, both the current national legislation and the existing rules at universities largely advocate the green road. This is directly related to the structure of scientific communication in Spain, where many journals have little commercial significance, the system of charging a fee to authors has not been adopted, and there is a good repository infrastructure. As for open access policies, the performance of the scientific communication system in each country should be carefully analyzed to determine the most suitable open access strategy. [Int Microbiol 2013; 16(3):199-203]

Scientific journals in Brazil and Spain: Alternative publishing models

This paper describes high-quality journals in Brazil and Spain, with an emphasis on the distribution models used. It presents the general characteristics (age, type of publisher, and theme) and analyzes the distribution model by studying the type of format (print or digital), the type of access (open access or subscription), and the technology platform used. The 549 journals analyzed (249 in Brazil and 300 in Spain) are included in the 2011 Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Data on each journal were collected directly from their websites between March and October 2012. Brazil has a fully open access distribution model (97%) in which few journals require payment by authors thanks to cultural, financial, operational, and technological support provided by public agencies. In Spain, open access journals account for 55% of the total and have also received support from public agencies, although to a lesser extent. These results show that there are systems support of open access in scientific journals other than the"author pays" model advocated by the Finch report for the United Kingdom.

Time magazine employees demonstrate

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Marriage and divorce demonstration at Brides Magazine

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Hustler magazine demonstration

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Lenore Hershey, Editor of the Ladies' Home Journal, speaks with women at 10th Anniversary of being editor

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Hustler magazine demonstration

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Cab driver with Playboy magazine stops in front of Playboy Club while demonstration is taking place

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Margo St. James, President of the San Francisco Prostitute Union, and Nancy Borman of the Majority Report

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Lenore Hershey, Editor of the Ladies' Home Journal

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Billie Jean King at Women's Sports Magazine press conference

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Ms. Magazine editor Pat Carbine, Donna de Varona, Bella Abzug, Wilma Rudolph, Althea Gibson during the Ms. Mile Event at Madison Square Garden

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Bella Abzug press conference at MS. Magazine

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Ms. Magazine boat party to Statue of Liberty

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Astronaut Sally Ride received autographed Ms. Magazine cover from editor Gloria Steinem and magazine employees

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