Qualidade e triagem de Manchester : Estudo de caso Hospital CUF Descobertas

A saúde em Portugal encontra-se no caminho da mudança, rumo à excelência, pois questiona-se o sistema, a sua estrutura, os seus processos e os resultados. Uma das condições que mais influencia a competitividade entre instituições da saúde é a qualidade. Sendo a sociedade cada vez mais exigente, medi-la e avalia-la é um imperativo da época actual. O presente estudo teve como objectivo, contribuir para a realização de um diagnóstico de um processo de melhoria implementado num hospital privado de Lisboa - Hospital CUF Descobertas (HCD), no Serviço de Atendimento Permanente (SAP), à luz dos princípios da qualidade total. O procedimento da Triagem de Manchester é um processo que tem como principal objectivo o estabelecimento de prioridades, ou seja, identificar critérios de gravidade, de forma objectiva e sistematizada, que indicam a prioridade clínica com que o cliente deve ser atendido e o respectivo tempo de espera alvo recomendado até observação médica. Não se trata de estabelecer diagnósticos. Para o efeito, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica, suportada pelo modelo de auto-avaliação, designado Modelo Common Assessment Framework (CAF). Neste sentido, privilegiando-se a utilização dos critérios de meios deste modelo. Foi aplicado um questionário aos colaboradores do Serviço de Atendimento Permanente do Hospital CUF Descobertas. O Tratamento de dados estatísticos foi realizado com o apoio do SPSS, versão 16.0 e do Microsoft Excel. Os resultados deste estudo culminam com a identificação de pontos fortes, pontos fracos e sugestões de melhorias para o serviço em estudo. Neste sentido, este trabalho serviu de diagnóstico para se poder identificar em que ponto se situa e que rumo se deve seguir para se atingir um patamar de excelência relativamente à qualidade. Abstract: Health in Portugal finds itself on the path toward change, trying to find excellence while challenging the system and its structure, processes, and results. One of the conditions that most influences the competitiveness between the institutes of health is quality because society is becoming more demanding. Measuring and evaluating this change is happening in this current time. The present study has the objective of contributing and establishing a diagnostic tool relative to the process of improvement. This tool was used in a private hospital in Lisbon, Hospital CUF Descobertas, in the Emergency Room, in looking at the principles of total quality. This process designed through the Manchester Triage System has the main objective of the establishment of priorities through which we want to identify criteria of seriousness in an objective and systematic way that indicate a clinical priority with which the client is attended to in respect to the waiting time, giving a recommended time until medical observation. ln this sense, we do not diagnose patients in triage. For this effect, we used a methodological overview supported by the model of self-evaluation, the Common Assessment Framework (CAF}, in which we used the criteria: Leadership, Planning and Strategy, People, Resources and Processes. To arrive at this, a questionnaire was used by the collaborators of the emergency room of Hospital CUF Descobertas. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS version 16.0 and Microsoft Excel. The results of this study culminated with the identification of strong points, weak points, and suggestions for improvements for the work in study. ln this way, with this study, we can identify in where an organization finds itself and the path it should take in order to achieve a high level of quality excellence.

HPV DNA testing with cytology triage in cervical cancer screening: Influence of revealing HPV infection status

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) status might influence a cytotechnician's assessment of cellular abnormalities. The authors compared original cytotechnicians' Papanicolaou (Pap) readings for which HPV status was concealed with Pap rereads for which HPV status was revealed separately for 3 screening populations. METHODS: Previously collected cervical Pap smears and clinical data were obtained from the Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial (study A), the Democratic Republic of Congo Community-Based Screening Study (study B), and the Brazilian Investigation into Nutrition and Cervical Cancer Prevention (study C). Smears were reread with knowledge of HPV status for all HPV-positive women as well as a sample of HPV-negative women. Diagnostic performance of Pap cytology was compared between original readings and rereads. RESULTS: A total of 1767 Pap tests were reread. Among 915 rereads for HPV-positive women, the contrast between "revealed" and "concealed" Pap readings demonstrated revisions from negative to positive results for 109 women (cutoff was atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or worse) and 124 women (cutoff was low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [LSIL] or worse). For a disease threshold of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse, specificity significantly declined at the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance cutoff for studies A (86.6% to 75.3%) and C (42.5% to 15.5%), and at the LSIL cutoff for study C (61.9% to 37.6%). Sensitivity remained nearly unchanged between readings, except in study C, in which reread performance was superior (91.3% vs 71.9% for the LSIL cutoff). CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in the diagnostic accuracy of Pap cytology was observed when revealing patients' cervical HPV status, possibly due to a heightened awareness of potential abnormalities, which led to more false-positive results. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015. (c) 2015 American Cancer Society.

Predicting triage waiting time in maternity emergency care by means of data mining

Healthcare organizations often benefit from information technologies as well as embedded decision support systems, which improve the quality of services and help preventing complications and adverse events. In Centro Materno Infantil do Norte (CMIN), the maternal and perinatal care unit of Centro Hospitalar of Oporto (CHP), an intelligent pre-triage system is implemented, aiming to prioritize patients in need of gynaecology and obstetrics care in two classes: urgent and consultation. The system is designed to evade emergency problems such as incorrect triage outcomes and extensive triage waiting times. The current study intends to improve the triage system, and therefore, optimize the patient workflow through the emergency room, by predicting the triage waiting time comprised between the patient triage and their medical admission. For this purpose, data mining (DM) techniques are induced in selected information provided by the information technologies implemented in CMIN. The DM models achieved accuracy values of approximately 94% with a five range target distribution, which not only allow obtaining confident prediction models, but also identify the variables that stand as direct inducers to the triage waiting times.

Predicting pre-triage waiting time in a maternity emergency room through data mining

An unsuitable patient flow as well as prolonged waiting lists in the emergency room of a maternity unit, regarding gynecology and obstetrics care, can affect the mother and child’s health, leading to adverse events and consequences regarding their safety and satisfaction. Predicting the patients’ waiting time in the emergency room is a means to avoid this problem. This study aims to predict the pre-triage waiting time in the emergency care of gynecology and obstetrics of Centro Materno Infantil do Norte (CMIN), the maternal and perinatal care unit of Centro Hospitalar of Oporto, situated in the north of Portugal. Data mining techniques were induced using information collected from the information systems and technologies available in CMIN. The models developed presented good results reaching accuracy and specificity values of approximately 74% and 94%, respectively. Additionally, the number of patients and triage professionals working in the emergency room, as well as some temporal variables were identified as direct enhancers to the pre-triage waiting time. The imp lementation of the attained knowledge in the decision support system and business intelligence platform, deployed in CMIN, leads to the optimization of the patient flow through the emergency room and improving the quality of services.

Craigavon & Banbridge Community HSS Trust - Primary Care Mental Health Services Triage Pilot Scheme (PDF 266 KB)

Craigavon & Banbridge Community HSS Trust's final report on Primary Care Mental Health Services Triage Pilot Scheme. Part of the Department's redesign of community nursing project.

Craigavon & Banbridge Community HSS Trust - Primary Care Mental Health Services Triage Pilot Scheme (PDF 266 KB)

Craigavon & Banbridge Community HSS Trust's final report on Primary Care Mental Health Services Triage Pilot Scheme. Part of the Department's redesign of community nursing project.

Cervical screening programme: HPV triage and test of cure protocol

Testing for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) as triage and test of cure was introduced into the Northern Ireland Cervical Screening Programme on Monday 28 January 2013. This policy change will significantly alter the screening pathway for women with a mild dyskaryosis or borderline smear result. The link between HR-HPV infection and the development of cervical cancer has now been clearly established, with almost 100% of cervical cancers containing HPV DNA. Women with no evidence of HR-HPV infection are extremely unlikely to develop cervical cancer in the short to medium term. HPV triage is the process whereby HR-HPV testing is used to manage women with low grade cervical abnormalities. Only 15-20% of women with a borderline or mild smear result have a significant abnormality that needs treatment. HR-HPV testing is effective in identifying which women may need treatment and allows colposcopy resources to be allocated more effectively.The test of cure process is being introduced because it is now known that women with a normal or low grade smear test, and who are HR-HPV negative at six months after treatment, are at very low risk of residual disease. These women do not need to be recalled for another screening appointment for three years.The test of cure process means all post-treatment smears (at six months) that are reported as normal, borderline or mild dyskaryosis will be tested for HR-HPV. Those women who are HR-HPV positive will remain at colposcopy. HR-HPV negative women can be safely returned to recall in three years. It is estimated that the HR-HPV test of cure will allow approximately 80% of women who have been through treatment to avoid undergoing annual smear tests. This flowchart poster outlines the new triage and test of cure process. It was distributed to all GPs in Northern Ireland and is available to download as a PDF from this website.�

Recepción, clasificación según escala Manchester y atención sanitaria inicial al paciente que acude a un Dispositivo de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias (DCCU) con motivo de consulta “Diabetes”: Posibilidad de intervención finalista de la enfermera en la consulta de triage (Triage Avanzado) ante la hipoglucemia. Colaboración multidisciplinar y criterios de derivación

The Andalusian Public Health System (SSPA) is considering the last time an attempt urgent process management through triage consultation, both hospital and primary care environment and tables situations in which the nurse responsible for these consultations can carry out a final statement of which only she is directly responsible through their independent intervention and referral (Triage Advanced). Pose, at once and consistently to the idea of teamwork, where they can be the limits to that intervention finalist and the circuits to follow. This paper proposes a definition line of one of those situations through triage concepts universally tested, and takes full advantage of advanced practice profile offered by nurses Device Critical Care (DCCU) of the SSPA and any the emerging legal and regulatory framework in terms of standardized collaborative prescription, us know legitimate receivers. This work stems from the vision of professionals and our contribution to that line of institutional work that must be consensus.

Guía para el desarrollo de Programas de intercambio de Jeringuillas (PIJ) desde la consulta de triage de los Dispositivos de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias (DCCU)

There are exceptional situations where emergency services are required Primary Care in the application of material used by drug-dependent patients, being the response to this demand is something that many of the cases, to individual discretion and the randomness and variability every situation leads to an answer. It calls for a response commensurate to public services and preventive health philosophy in most cases will be carried out by the nurse to perform assistance Devices Critical Care (DCCU), often this first contact these patients and slots at the supply of resources diminishes the possibilities of acquisition of such material to them. That is why, and in the absence in this area of patient safety and professional, a workflow model and according to the prevailing philosophy of working in primary care in terms of prevention policies and recruitment of patients concerned, this project raises guidance for the development of a needle exchange program from the triage consultations DCCU.

After-hours paediatric telephone triage and advice : the Neuchâtel experience

Résumé Introduction : Plusieurs études américaines et australiennes ont décrit des systèmes de tri téléphonique des urgences pédiatriques. En Europe, les services publics d'urgences pédiatriques ont peu de données épidémiologiques sur lesquelles s'appuyer pour répondre à la demande de soins. Depuis 1996, le département de pédiatrie de l'hôpital Pourtalès, Neuchâtel, offre, en dehors des heures ouvrables, mi tri téléphonique infirmier gratuit. Le présent travail analyse : 1) la situation suisse de l'offre en tri téléphonique infirmier pour les urgences pédiatriques ; 2) une partie des données épidémiologiques de l'expérience neuchâteloise. Méthode : 1) Un questionnaire a été envoyé aux 35 services d'urgences pédiatriques publics de Suisse pour Savoir si un tel tri était utilisé ; 2) une analyse rétrospective de tous les appels reçus, consignés sur fiches standardisées, en 1997 et 2000 a été menée. Résultats : 1) La majorité des services (27/35) ont effectivement un système de tri infirmier. Peu offrent une formation spécifique pour ce travail (14/27) ; 2) Au total, 7870 appels ont été analysés (3242 en 1997; 4628 en 2000, ± 43%). En semaine, la majorité ont été reçus entre 18h et 23h et le week-end en milieu de matinée. Septante-cinq % des appels ont concerné des enfants de 5 ans ou moins. La fièvre, les otalgies et la toux ont représenté 42% des plaintes. Vingt-sept % des appels ont été pris en charge uniquement par les conseils infirmiers, 15 % ont été transmis à l'interne de garde et 50% ont conduit à un rendez-vous dans le service le jour même. Conclusion : Nos données peuvent aider d'autres services d'urgences pédiatriques à planifier au mieux la mise en place d'un tel système de tri téléphonique. Abstract Delivery of paediatric primary care by call centres has emerged as a satisfactory system. It been reported in the literature in the United States and Australia. European public-funded paediatric emergency departments (ED) have little epidemiological data to rely on to match the demand in care. Since 1996, we have run a free nurse-led after-hours paediatric telephone triage and advice (TTA) system, To determine wether other Swiss public paediatric departments practiced formal TTA, we conducted a nation-wide postal survey. To delineate who used our call centre and for what reasons, we embarked on a retrospective study of ail the 1997/2000 calls. Most of the units run a TTA (27/35) but few specifically train their staff (14/27). A 43% increase in call numbers was seen between 1997 (3242) and 2000 (4628). During week-days, most of the calls were between 6 and 11 pm and at weekends, a mid morning activity peak was seen. Some 75% of calls were for children aged 5 years or less. Fever, earache and cough accounted for 42% of the main complaints. Of all calls, 27% were dealt by nurses' advice only. About 15% of the calls were transferred to the on-call resident. About 50% led to a same day ED appointment. Conclusion: Nurse-led paediatric telephone triage and advice is common in Switzerland where training seems to be irregular. Our data can help units to better plan an eventual paediatric telephone triage and advice service. After-hours; Paediatric; Telephone advice; Telephone triage

Scientific Literature on the Reliability and Validity of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) Protocol: A Integrative Literature Review

OBJECTIVE To analyze the scientific production about the validity and reliability of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) protocol. METHOD A descriptive study of an integrative literature review. Articles on the validity and reliability of the MTS developed with children and adults published between 1999 and 2013 were included. RESULTS 14 articles were selected from a total of 8438, nine of validity and five of reliability. The reliability of the MTS ranged from moderate to almost perfect, with higher intra-evaluation. Regarding validity, the results seem to point to equivalent and satisfactory sensibility and specificity levels of the MTS. The instrument proved to be a good predictor of the need for hospitalization and of hospital mortality. CONCLUSION The reliability and validity of the MTS obtained in the studies is varied. It is recommended that new studies indicate necessary modifications to the MTS so that it is more safely used by nurses.

Triage at the Emergency Department: association between triage levels and patient outcome

AbstractOBJECTIVEIdentify association between sociodemographic, clinical and triage categories with protocol outcomes developed at Hospital São Paulo (HSP).METHODSRetrospective cohort study conducted with patients older than 18 years submitted to the triage protocol in August 2012. Logistic regression was used to associate the risk categories to outcomes (p-value ≤0,05).RESULTSMen with older age and those treated in clinical specialties had higher rates of hospitalization and death. Patients in the high-priority group had hospitalization and mortality rates five and 10.6 times, respectively (p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONThe high-priority group experienced higher hospitalization and mortality rates. The protocol was able to detect patients with more urgent conditions and to identify risk factors for hospitalization and death.

Accuracy of prehospital triage of trauma patients by emergency physicians: a retrospective study in western Switzerland.

OBJECTIVE: Accurate identification of major trauma patients in the prehospital setting positively affects survival and resource utilization. Triage algorithms using predictive criteria of injury severity have been identified in paramedic-based prehospital systems. Our rescue system is based on prehospital paramedics and emergency physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the prehospital triage performed by physicians and to identify the predictive factors leading to errors of triage.METHODS: Retrospective study of trauma patients triaged by physicians. Prehospital triage was analyzed using criteria defining major trauma victims (MTVs, Injury Severity Score >15, admission to ICU, need for immediate surgery and death within 48 h). Adequate triage was defined as MTVs oriented to the trauma centre or non-MTV (NMTV) oriented to regional hospitals.RESULTS: One thousand six hundred and eighti-five patients (blunt trauma 96%) were included (558 MTV and 1127 NMTV). Triage was adequate in 1455 patients (86.4%). Overtriage occurred in 171 cases (10.1%) and undertriage in 59 cases (3.5%). Sensitivity and specificity was 90 and 85%, respectively, whereas positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 75 and 94%, respectively. Using logistic regression analysis, significant (P<0.05) predictors of undertriage were head or thorax injuries (odds ratio >2.5). Predictors of overtriage were paediatric age group, pedestrian or 2 wheel-vehicle road traffic accidents (odds ratio >2.0).CONCLUSION: Physicians using clinical judgement provide effective prehospital triage of trauma patients. Only a few factors predicting errors in triage process were identified in this study.

Triage hoitajien kokemana yhteispäivystyksessä

Opinnäytetyömme käsittelee hoitajien kokemuksia triagen käytöstä Peijaksen sairaalan yhteispäivystyksessä. Työmme perustuu pääkaupunkiseudulla käynnissä olevaan päivystyshankkeeseen, jonka tavoitteena on päivystystoiminnan kehittäminen niin, että yhteispäivystyskäyntimäärät vähenevät puoleen nykyisestä ja päivystyspotilaiden hoito on sujuvaa, sekä laadukasta, Hankkeen tavoitteena on luoda päivystykseen uusi toimintamalli, joka turvaa kiireellisen hoidon entistä paremmin sitä tarvitseville. Yksi päivystyksen kehittämisen työväline on päivystyspotilaiden hoidon tarpeen kiireellisyyden arviointi eli triage, jota vuorossa oleva kokenut hoitaja toteuttaa paikallisen ohjeistuksen ja kokemuksensa avulla. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kartoittaa triage-hoitajien myönteisiä ja kielteisiä kokemuksia hoidon tarpeen kiireellisyyden arvioinnista. Lisäksi selvitämme triage-hoitajan tärkeimmät ominaisuudet ja järjestelmän kehittämisideat. Aiheesta on tehty maailmalla useita tutkimuksia hoitajien näkökulmasta. Asian tutkimisen tärkeyttä korostaa se, ettei vastaava tutkimusta ole Suomessa aiemmin tehty. Aineisto kerättiin kriittisten tapahtumien tekniikalla ja tulokset muodotettiin induktiivisella sisällön analyysillä. Tutkimusta varten haastateltiin 12 Peijaksen yhteispäivystyksessä työskentelevää triage -hoitajaa. Myönteisten kokemusten perusteella haastatellut hoitajat pitivät triage -järjestelmää lähtökohtaisesti toimivana työvälineenä. Hoitajat kokivat myönteisenä myös potilasohjauksen tehostumisen ja työyhteisön tuen triagen teossa. Merkittävimmiksi kielteisiksi kokemuksiksi nousivat kuitenkin näkemyserot, järjestelmään sitoutumattomuus, vastuun kasvu ja koulutuksen puute. Haastattelujen mukaan triage -hoitajan tärkeimmät ominaisuudet ovat työkokemus, vakuuttavuus, vuorovaikutustaidot ja laaja-alainen osaaminen. Kehitystarpeista tärkeimmäksi nousi koulutuksen lisääminen. Tutkimusta voidaan käyttää tukena triage -koulutuksessa ja kehitystyössä paikallisesti, sekä sovellettuna muihin toimipisteisiin. Triagea tukevan koulutuksen määrää tulisi merkittävästi lisätä ja sen sisältöä tulisi muokata enemmän triage-hoitajan näkökulmaan soveltuvaksi. Mielestämme koulutuksen lisääminen on avainasemassa järjestelmän toimivuutta tehostaessa. Henkilökunnan yhteinen koulutus vähentäisi näkemyseroja työyhteisössä, helpottaisi vastuunottamista triagesta ja edistäisi järjestelmään sitoutumista.