Relação dos níveis de brotação de gemas de macieira "Gala" e "Fuji" com parâmetros de frutificação.

2016

Efeito da irrigação sobre a frutificação de macieiras cvs. "Galaxy" e "Fuji Suprema".

2016

Aumento da frutificação de macieiras "Galaxy" e "Fuji Suprema" pelo uso de proexadiona de cálcio.

2016

Blast atlas: a virtual observatory for genomes

Following the completion of the draft Human Genome in 2001, genomic sequence data is becoming available at an accelerating rate, fueled by advances in sequencing and computational technology. Meanwhile, large collections of astronomical and geospatial data have allowed the creation of virtual observatories, accessible throughout the world and requiring only commodity hardware. Through a combination of advances in data management, data mining and visualization, this infrastructure enables the development of new scientific and educational applications as diverse as galaxy classification and real-time tracking of earthquakes and volcanic plumes. In the present paper, we describe steps taken along a similar path towards a virtual observatory for genomes – an immersive three-dimensional visual navigation and query system for comparative genomic data.

Approximate Bayesian Computation for astronomical model analysis : a case study in galaxy demographics and morphological transformation at high redshift

Approximate Bayesian Computation’ (ABC) represents a powerful methodology for the analysis of complex stochastic systems for which the likelihood of the observed data under an arbitrary set of input parameters may be entirely intractable – the latter condition rendering useless the standard machinery of tractable likelihood-based, Bayesian statistical inference [e.g. conventional Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation]. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of ABC for astronomical model analysis by application to a case study in the morphological transformation of high-redshift galaxies. To this end, we develop, first, a stochastic model for the competing processes of merging and secular evolution in the early Universe, and secondly, through an ABC-based comparison against the observed demographics of massive (Mgal > 1011 M⊙) galaxies (at 1.5 < z < 3) in the Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Extragalatic Legacy Survey (CANDELS)/Extended Groth Strip (EGS) data set we derive posterior probability densities for the key parameters of this model. The ‘Sequential Monte Carlo’ implementation of ABC exhibited herein, featuring both a self-generating target sequence and self-refining MCMC kernel, is amongst the most efficient of contemporary approaches to this important statistical algorithm. We highlight as well through our chosen case study the value of careful summary statistic selection, and demonstrate two modern strategies for assessment and optimization in this regard. Ultimately, our ABC analysis of the high-redshift morphological mix returns tight constraints on the evolving merger rate in the early Universe and favours major merging (with disc survival or rapid reformation) over secular evolution as the mechanism most responsible for building up the first generation of bulges in early-type discs.

Book review "Moving Innovation: A History of Computer Animation by Tom Sito , The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, 2013"

As a Lecturer of Animation History and 3D Computer Animator, I received a copy of Moving Innovation: A History of Computer Animation by Tom Sito with an element of anticipation in the hope that this text would clarify the complex evolution of Computer Graphics (CG). Tom Sito did not disappoint, as this text weaves together the multiple development streams and convergent technologies and techniques throughout history that would ultimately result in modern CG. Universities now have students who have never known a world without computer animation and many students are younger than the first 3D CG animated feature film, Toy Story (1996); this text is ideal for teaching computer animation history and, as I would argue, it also provides a model for engaging young students in the study of animation history in general. This is because Sito places the development of computer animation within the context of its pre-digital ancestry and throughout the text he continues to link the discussion to the broader history of animation, its pioneers, technologies and techniques...

Gde moi kryl'ja? Analiz fil'ma Alekseja Balabanova »Brat»

Tutkielma on analyysi Aleksej Balabanovin ohjaamasta elokuvasta Brat (1997). Ensimmäisessä osassa tarkastellaan Brat-elokuvaa satuna jäsentämällä sen henkilöhahmoja ja rakennetta Vladimir Proppin satujen morfologisen analyysin pohjalta. Tärkeimmille henkilöhahmoille on mahdollista löytää vastineet satujen perushahmoista, mutta elokuvasta löytyy näille hahmoille myös erityisiä valheellisia variantteja, selkeimpänä esimerkkinä veljespari Danila – sankari ja Vitja – valheellinen sankari. Myös juonenkulusta on jäsennettävissä sekä varsinainen, että valheellinen juonenkulku: varsinainen juonenkulku käsittelee päähenkilön suhdetta veljeensä, sekä heidän yhteiseen viholliseensa, valheellinen juonenkulku puolestaan päähenkilön suhdetta tarinan potentiaaliseen sankarittareen. Lisäksi elokuvasta löytyy myös kolmas, vaihtoehtoinen juonenkulku, joka liittyy musiikin funktioon elokuvassa. Toisessa osassa analysoidaan päähenkilön suhdetta muihin henkilöhahmoihin sekä ympäröivään yhteiskuntaan käsitteiden horisontaali ja vertikaali avulla. Nämä käsitteet osittain limittyvät Vladimir Papernyin teoriaan Kul’tura 2. Analyysin lähtökohtana on, että elokuvan toiminta käynnistyy sankarin pyrkimyksestä löytää oma viiteryhmänsä ja sitä kautta identiteettinsä. Isän menetyksestä, niin konkreettisesti perheen kuin symbolisesti yhteiskunnan tasolla, seuraa horisontaalin ja vertikaalin oppositio; perheyhteisön ja yhteiskunnan hajoaminen. Päähenkilön kohtaamat henkilöhahmot voidaan jakaa vertikaali- ja horisontaalivariantteihin sen mukaan, mitä arvoja nämä edustavat. Tässä yhteydessä käsitellään myös sitä, miten veljeyteen ja kansallisuuten pohjautuvat identiteetinmuodostamiskeinot epäonnistuvat, sekä miten horisontaalius ja vertikaalius, auktoriteetin ja veljeyden teemat, toteutuvat elokuvan kuvakompositioissa. Kolmannessa osassa tarkastellaan elokuvan tapahtumapaikkoja ja minkälaisia oppositioita ne muodostavat. Konkreettisesti edustettujen oppositioiden maaseutu – kaupunki, sekä Pietari – Moskova lisäksi asettuvat vastakkain myös rikollisten ja tavallisten ihmisten Pietari, ulko- ja sisätilat, sekä yleinen ja yksityinen tila. Pietarin kuvaamiseen käytetyillä oppositioilla on selviä yhtymäkohtia Vladimir Toporovin esittämään pietarilaistekstien traditioon. Viimeisessä osassa käsitellään musiikin diegeettistä funktiota Bratissa. Se toimii elokuvassa vaihtoehtoisena juonenkulkuna, konkreettisena viiteryhmän etsimisen ja identiteetin muodostamisen keinona, sekä omana, erillisenä ’fantastisena’ tilanaan. Toiminta-/rikoselokuva oli vielä 1990-luvulla suhteellisen vieras genre venäläisessä elokuvassa. Tämä analyysi osoittaa, miten tiiviisti Brat kuitenkin asettuu venäläisen kulttuurin kontekstiin. Se käy dialogia niin venäläisen kansansatuperinteen, kuin 1800-luvun pietarilaistekstien kanssa, ja soveltuu tarkasteltavaksi myös kahden venäläisen kulttuurin vaihtelun teoriaa vasten. Vaikka Bratilla ei suoria elokuvallisia edeltäjiä Venäjällä olekaan, sen teemat ovat perivenäläisiä.

Beth Israel Hospital (Boston, MA) Records, undated, 1923, 1930-1964, 1988, 1991-1992

In 1916, the Jewish community of Boston established Beth Israel Hospital on Townsend Street in Roxbury to provide health care to immigrants in the area. Although accessible to everyone, the hospital provided Yiddish-speaking services for Eastern European Jewish immigrants and served kosher food, as well as conducted Jewish religious services. In 1928 the hospital entered into a teaching agreement with Harvard Medical School, Tufts University, and Simmons College. Shortly thereafter, the hospital moved to its current location in the Longwood area of Boston and expanded to a 220-bed operation. During 1935-1936, at the height of the Depression, Beth Israel spent 1.5 million dollars in free patient care and was only one of two local hospitals to offer health care to people on welfare. In 1996, Beth Israel Hospital merged with Deaconess Medical Center and became Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. This collection contains reports, pamphlets and hospital publications.

Dark matter dominance at all radii in the superthin galaxy UGC 7321

We model the shape and density profile of the dark matter halo of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321, using the observed rotation curve and the H i scale height data as simultaneous constraints. We treat the galaxy as a gravitationally coupled system of stars and gas, responding to the gravitational potential of the dark matter halo. An isothermal halo of spherical shape with a core density in the range of View the MathML source and a core radius between 2.5 and 2.9 kpc, gives the best fit to the observations for a range of realistic gas parameters assumed. We find that the best-fit core radius is only slightly higher than the stellar disc scale length (2.1 kpc), unlike the case of the high surface brightness galaxies where the halo core radius is typically 3–4 times the disc scale length of the stars. Thus our model shows that the dark matter halo dominates the dynamics of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321 at all radii, including the inner parts of the galaxy.

Ma Ma Ma Mad

Ma Ma Ma Mad is an autobiographical work, written and performed by Singaporean-Australian theatre maker Merlynn Tong. This production, presented at the Brisbane Powerhouse in December 2015, was a multi-genre work incorporating aspects of Butoh, physical theatre, cabaret and contemporary monologue. More than an experiment in mixed performative forms, however, this particular production was also an exercise in inter-cultural collaboration as well as gender in (and of) performance. Heavily influenced by the creator's experiences growing up in urban Southeast Asia, the director's specialisation in contemporary Australian theatre and experience telling uniquely Australian stories worked to manipulate the form in an endeavour to succinctly speak to local audiences, without pandering to entrenched stereotypes or diluting the underlying Chinese-Singaporean themes. The success of this production was also somewhat of a personal challenge for the creatives, after being told by some of Brisbane's most influential theatre venues and festivals that they would rather not support the work because a) it was a one woman show, and b) it was a one woman show about an Asian woman; and therefore would not sell well. One very influential local producer even said that he already had a one-woman show about an Asian person programmed, so he couldn't possibly program another. Operating in such a biased and out-of-touch artistic environment was seen as an easy challenge for the artists involved, which resulted in a highly successful and critically acclaimed sell-out run of Ma Ma Ma Mad, followed by offers to tour the work nationally and internationally. As such, this production also stands as a practical example of the ingrained and patriarchal structures of the Australian arts scene, and how art can work to break down the very barriers that it has helped to construct through a lack of vision and diversity amongst its leaders.

The slowing down of galaxy disks in dissipationless minor mergers

We have investigated the impact of dissipationless minor galaxy mergers on the angular momentum of the remnant. Our simulations cover a range of initial orbital characteristics, and the system consists of a massive galaxy with a bulge and disk merging with a much less massive (one-tenth or one-twentieth) gasless companion that has a variety of morphologies (disk-or elliptical-like) and central baryonic mass concentrations. During the process of merging, the orbital angular momentum is redistributed into the internal angular momentum of the final system; the internal angular momentum of the primary galaxy can increase or decrease depending on the relative orientation of the orbital spin vectors (direct or retrograde), while the initially nonrotating dark matter halo always gains angular momentum. The specific angular momentum of the stellar component always decreases independently of the orbital parameters or morphology of the satellite, the decrease in the rotation velocity of the primary galaxy is accompanied by a change in the anisotropy of the orbits, and the ratio of rotation speed to velocity dispersion of the merger remnant is lower than the initial value, not only because of an increase in the dispersion but also of the slowing-down of the disk rotation. We briefly discuss several astrophysical implications of these results, suggesting that minor mergers do not cause a "random walk" process of the angular momentum of the stellar disk component of galaxies, but rather a steady decrease. Minor mergers may play a role in producing the large scatter observed in the Tully-Fisher relation for S0 galaxies, as well as in the increase of the velocity dispersion and the decrease in upsilon/sigma at large radii as observed in S0 galaxies.

Starburst in the ultraluminous galaxy Arp 220: Constraints from observations of radio recombination lines and continuum

We present observations of radio recombination lines (RRL) from the starburst galaxy Arp 220 at 8.1 GHz (H92 alpha) and 1.4 GHz (H167 alpha and H165 alpha) and at 84 GHz (H42 alpha), 96 GHz (H40 alpha) and 207 GHz (H31 alpha) using the Very Large Array and the IRAM 30 m telescope, respectively. RRLs were detected at all the frequencies except 1.4 GHz, where a sensitive upper limit was obtained. We also present continuum flux measurements at these frequencies as well as at 327 MHz made with the VLA. The continuum spectrum, which has a spectral index alpha similar to -0.6 (S-nu proportional to nu(alpha)) between 5 and 10 GHz, shows a break near 1.5 GHz, a prominent turnover below 500 MHz, and a flatter spectral index above 50 GHz. We show that a model with three components of ionized gas with different densities and area covering factors can consistently explain both RRL and continuum data. The total mass of ionized gas in the three components is 3.2 x 10(7) M., requiring 3 x 10(5) O5 stars with a total Lyman continuum production rate N-Lyc similar to 1.3 x 10(55) photons s(-1). The ratio of the expected to observed Br alpha and Br gamma fluxes implies a dust extinction A(V) similar to 45 mag. The derived Lyman continuum photon production rate implies a continuous star formation rate (SFR) averaged over the lifetime of OB stars of similar to 240 M yr(-1). The Lyman continuum photon Production rate of similar to 3% associated with the high-density H II regions implies a similar SFR at recent epochs (t < 10(5) yr). An alternative model of high-density gas, which cannot be excluded on the basis of the available data, predicts 10 times higher SFR at recent epochs. If confirmed, this model implies that star formation in Arp 220 consists of multiple starbursts of very high SFR (few times 10(3) M. yr(-1)) and short duration (similar to 10(5) yr). The similarity of IR excess, L-IR/L-Ly alpha similar to 24, in Arp 220 to values observed in starburst galaxies shows that most of the high luminosity of Arp 220 is due to the ongoing starburst rather than to a hidden active galactic nucleus (AGN). A comparison of the IR excesses in Arp 220, the Galaxy, and M33 indicates that the starburst in Arp 220 has an initial mass function that is similar to that in normal galaxies and has a duration longer than 107 yr. If there was no infall of gas during this period, then the star formation efficiency (SFE) in Arp 220 is similar to 50%. The high SFR and SFE in Arp 220 is consistent with their known dependences on mass and density of gas in star-forming regions of normal galaxies.