An??lisis bibliom??trico sobre evaluaci??n de programas y comunidades terap??uticas para la rehabilitaci??n de toxic??manos

Analizar el estado de la cuesti??n sobre trabajos que se han realizado para evaluar programas y comunidades terap??uticas orientadas a la rehabilitaci??n de toxic??manos. Consulta de 7 bases de datos que facilitaron el acceso a 14 revistas, en su mayor??a estadounidenses. En total, se consultan 166 registros referidos al objeto de estudio. Se parte de una fundamentaci??n te??rica y metodol??gica sobre estudios bibliom??tricos y de una b??squeda de referencias bibliogr??ficas sobre evaluaci??n de programas y comunidades terap??uticas para la rehabilitaci??n de toxic??manos en las bases de datos pertinentes. Seguidamente se hace un an??lisis de documentos en el cual se identifican diversas variables: a) Referentes a los datos propios del documento (autor, a??o, t??tulo...); b) Referentes a la estructura interna del documento (tipo de evaluaci??n, finalidad, dise??o, muestra...); c) Referentes a los resultados y/o conclusiones obtenidas (puntos fuertes y d??biles, recomendaciones...). Adem??s de ello, se tienen en consideraci??n indicadores de productividad e indicadores de colaboraci??n. Se ha utilizado una parrilla de an??lisis construida 'ad-hoc' y tambi??n una serie de indicadores bibliom??tricos. Esta parrilla est?? estructurada en tres unidades de an??lisis compuestas por un n??mero determinado de variables. La codificaci??n de la informaci??n de tipo cuantitativo se hace a trav??s del programa inform??tico SPSS, el cual permite obtener estad??sticos de cada variable. El an??lisis cualitativo se realiza mediante el procedimeitno de an??lisis de contenido. Destacan, entre otras: a) La mayor??a de los trabajos analizados est??n realizados en colaboraci??n; b) La producci??n de trabajos desde 1984 hasta 1997 permanece uniforme, en 1998 se observa un punto de inflexi??n que corresponde con un aumento de los trabajos publicados y que dura hasta 2004; c) La mayor??a de los trabajos son realizados en USA debido a la mayor tradici??n evaluadora que existe en ese pa??s y el mayor n??mero de recursos existentes para financiar y publicar las evaluaciones realizadas; d) El tipo de documento m??s utilizado es el art??culo de revista; e) La mayor parte de los trabajos est??n realizados en contexto p??blico y con financiaci??n de la administraci??n; f) Todos los trabajos revisados contemplan una revisi??n bibliogr??fica; g) La mayor parte de los trabajos se refieren a la teor??a o modelo de evaluaci??n del que parten de un modo impl??cito; h) El tipo de evaluaci??n m??s empleada es la 'sumativa, expost, externa'; i) La finalidad de la mayor??a de los trabajos es 'verificar', tanto si se cumplen los objetivos planteados por el programa evaluado, como si se cumplen las hip??tesis de evaluaci??n planteadas que hacen referencia a alg??n resultado deseado; j) La metodolog??a empleada en los dise??os es en su mayor parte cuasiexperimental; k) El sistema de control m??s utilizado es el control reflexivo, es decir, menciones sobre un mismo grupo; l) Las t??cnicas e instrumentos de recogida de informaci??n m??s utilizados son los cuantitativos; m) El tama??o de la muestra elegido suele ser grande siendo el tipo de muestreo m??s com??n el 'no probabil??stico'; n) Las evaluaciones se dirigen a los usuarios de los programas y comunidades terap??uticas.

Programa de Tratamiento Educativo y Terap??utico para Agresores Sexuales Juveniles

Este programa tiene el objetivo de dar respuesta a una problem??tica que, si bien por frecuencia no es especialmente llamativa, s?? lo es en cuanto a la gravedad de las consecuencias de los delitos sexuales y los efectos que producen en las v??ctimas, tanto directas como indirectas. Esta publicaci??n vienen a paliar, en alguna medida, la escasez de estudios en el ??mbito cient??fico espa??ol sobre el comportamiento del agresor sexual menor de edad y la casi nula elaboraci??n de Programas destinados a la recuperaci??n de este grupo de menores que una vez cumplida su medida judicial, se reincorporan necesariamente a la sociedad. Estructurada en dos partes. En la primera trata el estudio y el plan de trabajo se abordan temas como el conocimiento actual sobre agresores sexuales juveniles, el estudio emp??rico de la poblaci??n juvenil destinataria; las conclusiones y preparaci??n del programa y el plan de trabajo. En el segundo se aborda el programa de educaci??n y tratamiento a trav??s de siete m??dulos con actividades concretas en las que se trabajan temas como el conocimiento de la propia sexualidad, el autocontrol o la empat??a con las v??ctimas. Por ??ltimo la publicaci??n ofrece una bibliograf??a y anexos con distintos documento de trabajo y material diverso para el terapeuta.

Effect Of Platform Connection And Abutment Material On Stress Distribution In Single Anterior Implant-supported Restorations: A Nonlinear 3-dimensional Finite Element Analysis.

Although various abutment connections and materials have recently been introduced, insufficient data exist regarding the effect of stress distribution on their mechanical performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different abutment materials and platform connections on stress distribution in single anterior implant-supported restorations with the finite element method. Nine experimental groups were modeled from the combination of 3 platform connections (external hexagon, internal hexagon, and Morse tapered) and 3 abutment materials (titanium, zirconia, and hybrid) as follows: external hexagon-titanium, external hexagon-zirconia, external hexagon-hybrid, internal hexagon-titanium, internal hexagon-zirconia, internal hexagon-hybrid, Morse tapered-titanium, Morse tapered-zirconia, and Morse tapered-hybrid. Finite element models consisted of a 4×13-mm implant, anatomic abutment, and lithium disilicate central incisor crown cemented over the abutment. The 49 N occlusal loading was applied in 6 steps to simulate the incisal guidance. Equivalent von Mises stress (σvM) was used for both the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the implant and abutment in all the groups and the maximum (σmax) and minimum (σmin) principal stresses for the numerical comparison of the zirconia parts. The highest abutment σvM occurred in the Morse-tapered groups and the lowest in the external hexagon-hybrid, internal hexagon-titanium, and internal hexagon-hybrid groups. The σmax and σmin values were lower in the hybrid groups than in the zirconia groups. The stress distribution concentrated in the abutment-implant interface in all the groups, regardless of the platform connection or abutment material. The platform connection influenced the stress on abutments more than the abutment material. The stress values for implants were similar among different platform connections, but greater stress concentrations were observed in internal connections.

Improved Selective Cholesterol Adsorption By Molecularly Imprinted Poly(methacrylic Acid)/silica (pmaa-sio₂) Hybrid Material Synthesized With Different Molar Ratios.

The present paper describes the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer - poly(methacrylic acid)/silica and reports its performance feasibility with desired adsorption capacity and selectivity for cholesterol extraction. Two imprinted hybrid materials were synthesized at different methacrylic acid (MAA)/tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) molar ratios (6:1 and 1:5) and characterized by FT-IR, TGA, SEM and textural data. Cholesterol adsorption on hybrid materials took place preferably in apolar solvent medium, especially in chloroform. From the kinetic data, the equilibrium time was reached quickly, being 12 and 20 min for the polymers synthesized at MAA/TEOS molar ratio of 6:1 and 1:5, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model provided the best fit for cholesterol adsorption on polymers, confirming the chemical nature of the adsorption process, while the dual-site Langmuir-Freundlich equation presented the best fit to the experimental data, suggesting the existence of two kinds of adsorption sites on both polymers. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained for the polymers synthesized at MAA/TEOS molar ratios of 6:1 and 1:5 were found to be 214.8 and 166.4 mg g(-1), respectively. The results from isotherm data also indicated higher adsorption capacity for both imprinted polymers regarding to corresponding non-imprinted polymers. Nevertheless, taking into account the retention parameters and selectivity of cholesterol in the presence of structurally analogue compounds (5-α-cholestane and 7-dehydrocholesterol), it was observed that the polymer synthesized at the MAA/TEOS molar ratio of 6:1 was much more selective for cholesterol than the one prepared at the ratio of 1:5, thus suggesting that selective binding sites ascribed to the carboxyl group from MAA play a central role in the imprinting effect created on MIP.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Adipose Tissue Attached To Suture Material Enhance The Closure Of Enterocutaneous Fistulas In A Rat Model.

Surgical treatment for enterocutaneous fistulas (EF) frequently fails. Cell therapy may represent a new approach to treatment. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have high proliferative and differentiation capacity. This study aimed to investigate whether MSCs could adhere to suture filament (SF), promoting better EF healing. MSCs, 1 × 10(6), from adipose tissue (ATMSCs) were adhered to a Polyvicryl SF by adding a specific fibrin glue formulation. Adhesion was confirmed by confocal and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A cecal fistula was created in 22 Wistar rats by incising the cecum and suturing the opening to the surgical wound subcutaneously with four separate stitches. The animals were randomly allocated to three groups: control (CG)-five animals, EF performed; injection (IG)-eight animals 1 × 10(6) ATMSCs injected around EF borders; and suture filament (SG): nine animals, sutured with 1 × 10(6) ATMSCs attached to the filaments with fibrin glue. Fistulas were photographed on the operation day and every 3 days until the 21st day and analyzed by two observers using ImageJ Software. Confocal and SEM results demonstrated ATMSCs adhered to SF (ATMSCs-SF). The average reduction size of the fistula area at 21st day was greater for the SG group (90.34%, P < 0.05) than the IG (71.80%) and CG (46.54%) groups. ATMSCs adhered to SF maintain viability and proliferative capacity. EF submitted to ATMSCs-SF procedure showed greater recovery and healing. This approach might be a new and effective tool for EF treatment.

Brazilian Natural Fiber (jute) As Raw Material For Activated Carbon Production.

Jute fiber is the second most common natural cellulose fiber worldwide, especially in recent years, due to its excellent physical, chemical and structural properties. The objective of this paper was to investigate: the thermal degradation of in natura jute fiber, and the production and characterization of the generated activated carbon. The production consisted of carbonization of the jute fiber and activation with steam. During the activation step the amorphous carbon produced in the initial carbonization step reacted with oxidizing gas, forming new pores and opening closed pores, which enhanced the adsorptive capacity of the activated carbon. N2 gas adsorption at 77K was used in order to evaluate the effect of the carbonization and activation steps. The results of the adsorption indicate the possibility of producing a porous material with a combination of microporous and mesoporous structure, depending on the parameters used in the processes, with resulting specific surface area around 470 m2.g-1. The thermal analysis indicates that above 600°C there is no significant mass loss.

Produção de serapilheira e decomposição do material foliar em um cerradão na Estação Ecológica de Jataí, município de Luiz Antônio, SP, Brasil

We estimate litter production and leaf decomposition rate in a cerradão area, physiognomy little studied and very threatened in São Paulo State. During the period of study, litter production was 5646.9 kg.ha-1.year-1, which the 'leaf' fraction corresponded to 4081.2 kg.ha¹.year¹; the 'branch' fraction, to 1066.1 kg.ha-1.year-1; the 'reproductive structures' fraction, to 434.1 kg.ha-1.year-1; and the 'miscellaneous' fraction to 65.5 kg.ha-1.year-1. Litter production was highly seasonal and negatively correlated with relative humidity and air temperature. Leaf production was negatively correlated with relative humidity, rainfall, and air temperature. There was no significant difference between litter production found in this study and those in two other sites with cerradão and semideciduous forest, but these physiognomies differed significantly from the cerrado sensu stricto. Leaf decomposition rate (K) was 0.56. Half-life of the decomposing material was 1.8 years and turnover time was 2.3 years.

Estimulação perceptivo-motora em crianças portadoras de deficiencia visual : proposta de utilização de material pedagogico

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Novo protocolo para as ações de saúde bucal coletiva: padronização no armazenamento, distribuição e uso do material de higiene bucal

Este trabalho avaliou o material de higiene bucal usado em escolas para estabelecer um protocolo às ações de higiene bucal coletiva. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: 1ª- 20 responsáveis pelos procedimentos coletivos com escolares de Bauru e São José dos Campos - SP responderam a dois questionários sobre o uso de cinco kits de higiene bucal coletiva. A análise estatística foi realizada através do teste Wilcoxon (p < 0,05); 2ª - 178 escolares de 4 a 8 anos de Bauru e Bariri-SP dispensaram na escova uma quantidade de creme dental e dentifrício líquido para a prática da escovação, a qual foi pesada através de uma balança portátil. A análise estatística foi obtida através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e a análise de covariância (p< 0,05). O kit 5 obteve graus de satisfação e muita satisfação quando comparado aos kits 1 a 4. A quantidade de creme dental dispensada pelos escolares foi em média 0,41g (Bauru) e 0,48g (Bariri). Não houve diferença estatística entre os escolares de Bauru e Bariri em relação ao dentifrício líquido (média de 0,15g). O dentifrício líquido, através da "técnica da gota", foi considerado prático, dispensando uma pequena quantidade padronizada. O kit 5 demonstrou ser uma boa alternativa ao estabelecimento de um protocolo de ações em saúde bucal coletiva no SUS.

Hidrodinâmica e transporte de material particulado em suspensão sazonal em um estuário dominado por maré: Estuário de Caravelas (BA)

O objetivo do presente estudo é caracterizar a hidrodinâmica e o transporte de material particulado em suspensão (MPS) no estuário de Caravelas sob diferentes condições de maré e vazão fluvial. Foram realizadas quatro campanhas hidrográficas durante ciclos completos de maré, sendo em condições de maré de sizígia e quadratura, e durante os períodos seco e chuvoso. Dados de nível de água, velocidade e direção de correntes, salinidade, temperatura e turbidez foram obtidos em uma estação fixa próxima da desembocadura do estuário. A partir destes dados foram obtidos os transportes residuais de MPS e calculado os mecanismos de transporte. As maiores concentrações médias de material particulado em suspensão ocorreram em condições de sizígia. Em condições de maré de quadraturao transporte resultante de MPS foi com sentido estuário acima, porém de pequena intensidade. Em condições de sizígia o estuário é caracterizado por correntes mais intensas e assimétricas, com dominância de vazante. Durante a condição de sizígia o estuário pode atuar como importador ou exportador de MPS. O estuário do rio Caravelas foi classificado como bem misturado e fracamente estratificado. A hidrografia e o balanço sedimentar são principalmente modulados pela altura da marée o aporte de água doce é irrelevante.

On the type material of Scyllarides deceptor Holthuis, 1963 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Scyllaridae)

The only specimen listed in the original description of Scyllarides deceptor Holthuis, 1963 is the holotype from São Paulo, Brazil, presently housed in the Leiden Museum. From the original description, however, it is clear that the new species was actually based on a number of additional specimens. Six of them exist in the collections of the Museum of Zoology in São Paulo, and are shown herein to be paratypes of S. deceptor. Scyllarides deceptor and S. brasiliensis Rathbun, 1906, continue to be confounded with one another, in consequence of their very similar color patterns and locally sympatric distributions. As many as 251,786 tons of slipper lobsters have been landed in Santa Catarina between 2000 and 2007. These catches have been attributed to S. deceptor alone and did not take into consideration the existence of a second species in the area, S. brasiliensis. Correct recognition of slipper-lobster species will be critical to properly evaluate the lobster stocks in southeastern Brazil. An opportunity is taken herein to elaborate on the taxonomy of S. deceptor and S. brasiliensis.

Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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