Troubles cognitifs séquellaires de la rupture d'anévrysmes de l'artère communicante antérieure et de l'artère cérébrale antérieure. Etude rétrospective de 56 cas [Cognitive sequelae following rupture of aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery and the anterior cerebral artery. Retrospective study of 56 cases].

The neuropsychological records of 56 patients operated for clipping were studied. Almost every patient remained autonomous and without invalidating motor defect. The present study was aimed at specifying the type and frequency of neuropsychological sequelae and, to a lesser extent, the role of various pathophysiological factors. A main concern was to examine to what extent and at what post-operative interval the neuropsychological assessment can predict the intellectual and socioprofessional outcome of each individual patient. The neuropsychological assessment performed beyond the acute phase showed evidence of intellectual sequelae in about two thirds of the patients. Only one case of permanent anterograde amnesia was observed, probably due to unavoidable inclusion of a hypothalamic artery in the clip during surgery. Transient anterograde amnesia and confabulations were occasionally observed, generally for less than three weeks. A common finding was impaired performance on memory and/or executive tests. In a minority of patients, language disorders, visuoperceptive and visuoconstructive disabilities were found, probably in relation with hemodynamic changes at distance from the aneurysm. Global impairment of intellectual function was not uncommon in the acute post-operative phase but it evolved in most cases towards a more selective impairment, for instance restricted to executive and memory functions, in the chronic phase. The neuropsychological investigation carried out 4 to 15 weeks post-operatively provided satisfactory information about possible long-lasting intellectual disturbances and professional resumption. In particular, persistent global intellectual impairment, persistent amnesia and confabulations 4-15 weeks post-operative were associated with cessation of professional activity; executive and memory impairment, behavioral disturbances such as those encountered in patients with frontal lobe damage were associated with a decreased probability of full-time employment. Pre- and post-operative angiography were not good predictors of long-term cognitive outcome: normal angiography was not necessarily followed by normal neuropsychological outcome, conversely abnormal angiography could be found together with normal neuropsychological outcome. By contrast, there was a relationship between left-lateralised abnormalities on post-operative angiography and occurrence of language disorders; similarly, there was a relationship between side of craniotomy and type of deficits, that is language disorders versus visuoperceptive-visuoconstructive impairments.

Diagnostic et traitement de la rupture du tendon d'Achille [Diagnosis and treatment of the ruptured Achilles tendon].

The treatment of the recently ruptured Achilles tendon can be conservative or surgical. The conservative treatment may be carried out using either a static cast immobilisation or using a dynamic brace and an early functional rehabilitation. The surgical technique can be either open or mini-invasive. Neglected and ancient ruptures may need to be treated surgically by a tendinoplasty. There is an ongoing discussion about how to manage the recently ruptured Achilles tendon, especially since recent descriptions of conservative-functional treatment procedures and mini-invasive surgical techniques. We present the choice of the different treatment options and the clinical reasoning to identify the best adapted treatment for the individual patient. The ideal treatment option depends on the functional demand and the medical condition of the patient.

[Illustrations de Phytogénie ou théorie mécanique de la végétation] / Charles Fermond, dess. et aut. du texte; J. Blancoud, grav.

Comprend : [pl.1 après p.692 : fig.1.A,B et C : expression graphique de la manière dont le mouvement produit seulement en a, sur une corde pincée, se communique aussitôt également et forme les concamérations b, ou b',a',b', ou b,a',b',a'',b'',a''',b'''. ; [pl.2 après p.692 : les fig.6,7 et 8 sont destinées à montrer la cause mécanique qui fait les exastosies ou les défauts d'exastosies que l'on nomme soudures. Fig.9 : expression graphique de la manière dont les 6 phytogènes circulaires de chaq ; [pl.3 après p.692 : fig.13 : expression graphique de la manière dont les forces rayonnantes se distribuent dans les phytogènes circulaires pour déterminer les exastosies. Fig.14 : feuille de vigne entière, présentant sur l'aile de l'un de ses ; [pl.4 après p.692 : fig.21 : développement du phytogène interphytogénique et organogénie de la feuille de l'Iris pumila. Fig.22 : diagramme de bourgeon (A, Tilleul. B, Saule. C, Noyer). Fig.23 : théorie phytogénique de la composition des feui