Experiências maternas de perda de um filho com câncer infantil: uma compreensão fenomenológico-existencial

Death due to childhood cancer reflects an early outcome of life, which can cause a strong repercussion in the mother s existence - figure to whom the greatest part of responsibilities during the child s illness is commonly allocated. The aim of this study is to understand the experience of mothers who have lost a kid as a consequence of childhood cancer, approaching the personal senses of this fact. Following a qualitative research design, with an exploratory and comprehensive approach, the study used the narrative method, which was obtained from a semi-structured interview, as the data generation procedure. The research counted on the participation of three adult mothers who had lost their kids because of childhood cancer, after - at least - a six-month period of oncologic treatment. The proposal of analysis follows the parameters of the phenomenological method and the data are based on Martin Heidegger s existential analytic. The results were structured into three thematic axes: previous History, child illness and its repercussions; The network of support and care; Loss and after loss: facing and signifying. It was possible to comprehend that the emergence of cancer in childhood promotes, since the diagnosis, a disruption of everyday meanings, accentuating the fragile condition of human life. In this specific circumstance of childhood illness, all the participants restricted their possibilities of being-in-the-world, dedicating exclusively to the practice of maternity. Concerning their relationship with their children in treatment, the narratives unveiled, in a convergent manner, the existence of care in a substitutive mode. In the network of support - primarily constituted by family, the health team and the support institutions - the relations were marked by proximity and detachment movements. With the child s death, mothers began to live a way of being-with the absent child , ensuring the continuity of the relationship with the dead infant. From the results exposed above, we can understand the motherly mourn as a singular experience in constant resignification, in which the subjective time overlaps the cronological time. The increment of anguish, resulting from the mother s confrontation to the question of finitude, mobilizes a process of change in their way of being-in-the-world, promoting an openness to new possibilities in their lives. Singular attention to the mother, during the process of illness and child loss, turns out to be fundamental

Impessoalidade e retórica do medo: uma análise dos discursos sociais a partir da fenomenologia hermenêutica

É notório que o senso comum trabalha com a ideia de que o medo está cada vez mais se intensificando no mundo que é o nosso. Nas metrópoles das sociedades ocidentais a alusão ao medo tem espaço partilhado. Jornais, revistas, rádio e TV são os meios populares que noticiam todos os tipos de violência e, consecutivamente, apontam e vinculam certos discursos sensacionalistas de temor a toda população. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar um estudo acerca do modo como a retórica do medo, patente no mundo histórico que é o nosso, potencializa o medo de modo a criar um solo propício ao surgimento de diferentes comportamentos temerosos. Interessa-nos sobre tudo tematizar o medo segundo a retórica que o potencializa, ou seja, segundo a impessoalidade do mundo que é o nosso. Isso coloca a exigência de tematizarmos o pensamento fenomenológico-hermenêutico de Martin Heidegger, sua ontologia fundamental e sua proposta de análise da essência do mundo contemporâneo. O método documental foi a ferramenta utilizada para visualização do fenômeno da retórica do medo submetida ao jornal Diário de Pernambuco

Stress e adaptação no processo de luto materno : um estudo exploratório

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Sistémica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2014

Creencias sobre salud y enfermedad: el caso del cáncer infantil

Tesis ( Maestría en Ciencias con Acentuación en Psicología de la Salud ) UANL.

El cáncer infantil : diseño de un programa de intervención psicopedagógica.

Comprobar si la aplicación de un programa de intervención psicopedagógica en el niño enfermo de cáncer sirve para paliar los efectos psicológicos negativos que la hospitalización de media y larga duración produce en estos pacientes. Tomada en el servicio de Pediatría de la Clínica Universitaria de Navarra: 30 niños cancerosos (15 grupo experimental y 15 grupo control) entre 8 y 10 años ingresados por un tiempo no inferior a 8 días. La recogida de datos se inicio en diciembre de 1988 y concluyó en mayo de 1990. Diseño experimental pre y posttest. Variables independientes: el programa de intervención psicopedagógica. Variables dependientes de medida pre y posttest: ansiedad-estado, ansiedad-riesgo, depresión, habilidades sociales, autoconcepto y locus de control. Variables dependientes de medida única: temores ante la hospitalización, satisfacción con la hospitalización, expectativas en el niño ante la hospitalización, expectativas en padres, factores estresantes en padres, satisfacción con la hospitalización. En padres, clima social y familiar, locus de control en padres y acontecimientos vitales en la infancia. Batería de escalas y cuestionarios ya existentes y baremados, pruebas adaptadas y creadas 'ad hoc' por el equipo Lizasoáin-del Pozo-Polaino. Estudio estadístico descriptivo de las variables, correlaciones, análisis de covarianza de las medidas pretest y posttest, análisis de varianza entre los dos grupos de las variables de medida única. El programa es efectivo en la reducción de ciertos síntomas en el niño, del nivel de ansiedad-estado y ansiedad-riesgo. Reduce la intensidad y/o el número de síntomas depresivos. Es efectivo en lo relativo a un adecuado desarrollo de las habilidades sociales y la mejora del autoconcepto. No ha resultado efectivo en lograr un adecuado locus de control o en modificarlo. No se obtienen expectativas más positivas, menores temores ni niveles superiores de satisfacción ante la hospitalización. No presenta menores niveles de estrés, mayor grado de satisfacción ni un adecuado locus de control de los padres.

Tecendo vivências e sentidos do câncer infantil : família, doença e redes de apoio social em Natal-RN

This paper discusses the experiences related to the treatment of children´s cancer which had children, their mothers and families as their main characters. They were mainly originated from areas in the countryside and urban poor areas in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The non-governmental organization Grupo de Apoio à Criança com Câncer (GACC) was the privileged ethnographic location. In this setting, the mother, which was called acompanhante (companion), and the children, defined as pacientes (patients), were often sheltered in reason of therapeutic practices and the treatment undertaken by children in a nearby hospital. This study aims to focus on the therapeutic itinerary, beyond the children´s suffering, dealing with the family as a whole, since the moral values from these popular families imply the complete involvement of the family in relation to the illness and its treatment. Therefore, it is experienced as a family problem. We also intend to understand the construction of meanings to the illness, dealing with the ideological continuity in the relationships between the families and the GACC. These meanings were built in the intersection of these two spheres, which refer particularly to medical, religious and emotional explanations. Ethnographic methods were applied in this research at the entity and another social contexts, such as the family households. I also tried to retrieve the process of treatment outside the GACC, visiting the family context, when doing dense interviews or just having conversations with informants. It was found that the GACC, as a non-governmental organization, generates a negotiation of identities, which develops, then, through the family as a whole, but also through the child and especially the mother, affecting, in some way, their internal organization. Furthermore, the meanings of the experience of illness appeared to be shaped by the family sphere as well as by the logic of public health structures

Considerações sobre a fenomenologia hermenêutica de Paul Ricoeur

O objetivo deste trabalho é tecer considerações sobre as bases teóricas da Fenomenologia Hermenêutica de Paul Ricoeur. Para isso, partimos do esboço de alguns aspectos da Fenomenologia em Heidegger e discutimos certas faces da distinção entre as concepções de Ricoeur e Heidegger quanto à fundamentação da Hermenêutica na Fenomenologia, trabalhando com a Fenomenologia Estrutural e a Fenomenologia Hermenêutica.

Tecendo vivências e sentidos do câncer infantil : família, doença e redes de apoio social em Natal-RN

This paper discusses the experiences related to the treatment of children´s cancer which had children, their mothers and families as their main characters. They were mainly originated from areas in the countryside and urban poor areas in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The non-governmental organization Grupo de Apoio à Criança com Câncer (GACC) was the privileged ethnographic location. In this setting, the mother, which was called acompanhante (companion), and the children, defined as pacientes (patients), were often sheltered in reason of therapeutic practices and the treatment undertaken by children in a nearby hospital. This study aims to focus on the therapeutic itinerary, beyond the children´s suffering, dealing with the family as a whole, since the moral values from these popular families imply the complete involvement of the family in relation to the illness and its treatment. Therefore, it is experienced as a family problem. We also intend to understand the construction of meanings to the illness, dealing with the ideological continuity in the relationships between the families and the GACC. These meanings were built in the intersection of these two spheres, which refer particularly to medical, religious and emotional explanations. Ethnographic methods were applied in this research at the entity and another social contexts, such as the family households. I also tried to retrieve the process of treatment outside the GACC, visiting the family context, when doing dense interviews or just having conversations with informants. It was found that the GACC, as a non-governmental organization, generates a negotiation of identities, which develops, then, through the family as a whole, but also through the child and especially the mother, affecting, in some way, their internal organization. Furthermore, the meanings of the experience of illness appeared to be shaped by the family sphere as well as by the logic of public health structures