Multiple Luminaire Identification in Airborne Images of Airport’s Approach Lighting Using Mathematical Morphology With Variable Length Structuring Element

The increasing demand for fast air transportation around the clock
has increased the number of night flights in civil aviation over
the past few decades. In night aviation, to land an aircraft, a
pilot needs to be able to identify an airport. The approach
lighting system (ALS) at an airport is used to provide
identification and guidance to pilots from a distance. ALS
consists of more than $100$ luminaires which are installed in a
defined pattern following strict guidelines by the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ICAO also has strict
regulations for maintaining the performance level of the
luminaires. However, once installed, to date there is no automated
technique by which to monitor the performance of the lighting. We
suggest using images of the lighting pattern captured using a camera
placed inside an aircraft. Based on the information contained
within these images, the performance of the luminaires has to be
evaluated which requires identification of over $100$ luminaires
within the pattern of ALS image. This research proposes analysis
of the pattern using morphology filters which use a variable
length structuring element (VLSE). The dimension of the VLSE changes
continuously within an image and varies for different images.
A novel
technique for automatic determination of the VLSE is proposed and
it allows successful identification of the luminaires from the
image data as verified through the use of simulated and real data.

""Captive Column" crash tests - crash testing of a light standard luminaire [sic] pole. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Summary of luminaire support capability testing. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, McLean, Va.

Laboratory procedures to determine the breakaway behavior of luminaire supports in minisized vehicle collisions. Volume 1. Executive summary.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, Mclean, Va.

Laboratory procedures to determine the breakaway behavior of luminaire supports in minisized vehicle collisions. Volume 2. Technical report. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, McLean, Va.

Laboratory procedures to determine the breakaway behavior of luminaire supports in minisized vehicle collisions. Volume 3. FOIL operation and safety plan.

Federal Highway Administration, Safety Design Division, McLean, Va.

Dynamic testing of luminaire supports with an improved pendulum impact facility. Final report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Fast model based feature matching technique applied to airport lighting

The use of image processing techniques to assess the performance of airport landing lighting using images of it collected from an aircraft-mounted camera is documented. In order to assess the performance of the lighting, it is necessary to uniquely identify each luminaire within an image and then track the luminaires through the entire sequence and store the relevant information for each luminaire, that is, the total number of pixels that each luminaire covers and the total grey level of these pixels. This pixel grey level can then be used for performance assessment. The authors propose a robust model-based (MB) featurematching technique by which the performance is assessed. The development of this matching technique is the key to the automated performance assessment of airport lighting. The MB matching technique utilises projective geometry in addition to accurate template of the 3D model of a landing-lighting system. The template is projected onto the image data and an optimum match found, using nonlinear least-squares optimisation. The MB matching software is compared with standard feature extraction and tracking techniques known within the community, these being the Kanade–Lucus–Tomasi (KLT) and scaleinvariant feature transform (SIFT) techniques. The new MB matching technique compares favourably with the SIFT and KLT feature-tracking alternatives. As such, it provides a solid foundation to achieve the central aim of this research which is to automatically assess the performance of airport lighting.

Automated object identification and position estimation for airport lighting quality assessment

The development of an automated system for the quality assessment of aerodrome ground lighting (AGL), in accordance with associated standards and recommendations, is presented. The system is composed of an image sensor, placed inside the cockpit of an aircraft to record images of the AGL during a normal descent to an aerodrome. A model-based methodology is used to ascertain the optimum match between a template of the AGL and the actual image data in order to calculate the position and orientation of the camera at the instant the image was acquired. The camera position and orientation data are used along with the pixel grey level for each imaged luminaire, to estimate a value for the luminous intensity of a given luminaire. This can then be compared with the expected brightness for that luminaire to ensure it is operating to the required standards. As such, a metric for the quality of the AGL pattern is determined. Experiments on real image data is presented to demonstrate the application and effectiveness of the system.

Eficiência energética na iluminação pública

O presente trabalho aborda a temática da eficiência energética em sistemas de iluminação pública. A principal motivação prende-se com o peso significativo que a parcela energética destes sistemas ocupa na economia mundial. O uso eficiente de energia é uma crescente preocupação devido à diminuição de recursos, às consequências climáticas cada vez mais marcadas e ao elevado custo da energia, representando ainda um papel fundamental ao nível económico e de competitividade. A Iluminação Pública (IP) representa um peso importante nas despesas correntes dos municípios. É assim importante encontrar uma solução que permita manter níveis de segurança e conforto necessários às populações e que proporcione uma redução substancial do peso da IP nas despesas municipais. Neste sentido, este trabalho propõe-se estudar esta problemática, apresentando uma sistematização de soluções eficientes, quer a nível de lâmpadas e luminárias como também ao nível de tecnologias que auxiliem e complementem a eficiência de uma instalação de iluminação pública. A dissertação está dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte sistematiza os consumos verificados em Portugal, a vários níveis (consumo de energia elétrica, evolução do consumo energético de iluminação pública, etc.) abordando as políticas de eficiência energética, e são descritos alguns procedimentos que possibilitam a poupança energética na iluminação pública, aliada a instalações eficientes. A segunda parte da dissertação contempla o estudo de um caso prático cujo objetivo é propor soluções técnicas que permitam melhorar a eficiência energética na iluminação pública de Esposende, face à situação atual do concelho. Serão propostas várias soluções, tais como luminárias LED, balastros electrónicos reguláveis, lâmpadas de menor consumo e até mesmo o uso da telegestão.

New high technology product development: The case of light emitting diodes

New high technology products usher in novel possibilities to transform the design, production and use of buildings. The high technology companies which design, develop and introduce these new products by generating and applying novel scientific and technical knowledge are faced with significant market uncertainty, technological uncertainty and competitive volatility. These characteristics present unique innovation challenges compared to low- and medium technology companies. This paper reports on an ongoing Construction Knowledge Exchange funded project which is tracking, real time, the new product development process of a new family of light emitting diode (LEDs) technologies. LEDs offer significant functional and environmental performance improvements over incumbent tungsten and halogen lamps. Hitherto, the use of energy efficient, low maintenance LEDs has been constrained by technical limitations. Rapid improvements in basic science and technology mean that for the first time LEDs can provide realistic general and accent lighting solutions. Interim results will be presented on the complex, emergent new high technology product development processes which are being revealed by the integrated supply chain of a LED module manufacture, a luminaire (light fitting) manufacture and end user involved in the project.

Estudo da viabilidade de uso de secadores solares fabricados com sucatas de luminárias

It presents a direct exposure to solar dryer for drying of food, built from a scrap of luminaire. The dryer works under direct exposure to natural circulation. Will be presented their methods of construction and assembly of that dryer that allows the reuse of materials, constituting a environmentally correct recycling dryer main features proposed are its low cost and simple manufacturing processes and assembly. Test results will be presented for the drying of foods that prove the feasibility and cost of thermal solar drying alternative system proposed. It is worth emphasizing the social importance that such application is for the most excluded since the value-added fruits, vegetables, legumes and other foods in relation to fresh may represent an option of income generation. It will also study the transformation of some of dry food meal and demonstrated that the drying times for the foods tested are competitive and sometimes pointed in the solar literature

Desenvolvimento de um conversor estático controlado por PWM para luminária de iluminação púbica com LEDs

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Iluminação de exteriores utilizando tecnologia LED: estudo de caso

This Graduate Work aims to exhibit the analyze of the applicability of LED technology in a real outdoor lighting situation, and this project’s illumination solution is compared with the initial proposal, the sodium vapor lamps. What is studied is an outdoor area, like the roads and parking lots of a plant. A light planning software is used for this comparison, and the results are displayed instantly, allowing rapid analysis of the project through a simulation. The medium illuminance is the same in both solutions for this case study and minimum rates set as standard were observed then the analysis are appropriate in this project. Various aspects are considered in order to obtain a comprehensive analysis of this project, such as economic, environmental and quality of lighting. LED technology in outdoor lighting is presented in its infancy, but promising. Solid state lamps show great advantages when compared with other technologies, such as discharge lamps, however there are some disadvantages tied to new products that are expected to be overcome with technological development and increased production