Lotes de produção e compra: modelos de mínimo custo

Estuda a problema do dimensionamento de lote em sistemas de produção intermitente, considerando os diferentes estágios do fluxo de materiais em uma empresa incluindo compra, produção e distribuição. Apresenta diversos modelos de mínimo custo, baseados em pressupostos faz como: operação em condições ideais (modelo clássico); existência ou não de descontos de compra; abastecimento instantâneo ou contínuo; existência ou não de restrições na disponibilidade de recursos; demanda determinística ou probabilística; existência ou não de permissão de faltas; itens isolados, itens múltiplos ou agregados de itens; estágio início ou estágios múltiplos; etc.

Gestão de estoque em uma empresa de varejo de produtos de limpeza e higiene pessoal

The deficiency in the product inventory management is common in small businesses, affecting several areas, especially the purchasing department that has difficulty in performing their tasks, acquiring the supplier's products at the time and in the most appropriate amount. Especially in the retail sector, the loss of quality of services is visible, because the availability of the product when there is demand is essential for the occurrence of sales and customer satisfaction. In this study, looking to improve inventory management in a retail company of cleaning products and personal hygiene, apply the classification method ABC (or Pareto Rule) to segment the available products. Thus are adopted buying criteria of new products based on the concepts of economic order quantity, safety stock and resupply point. The results show the feasibility of this procedure adopted because it was possible to propose an improved inventory management in a simple and effective way, contributing to company's competitive advantage

Área de influência no atacado cash & carry

Trata da área de influência de lojas de atacado cash e carry, traçamdo uma analogia com a área de influência do varejo de supermercados. Tenta ainda encontrar uma relação entre o valor da compra e a distância percorrida pelo cliente, buscando subsídios no lote econômico de compra

Modelo de gerenciamento de estoques de peças de reposição para empresas de transporte urbano de passageiros

This work searches to offer a model to improve spare parts stock management for companies of urban passenger transport by bus, with the consequent progress in their maintenance management. Also known as MRO items (Maintenance, Repair and Operations), these spare parts, according their consumption and demand features, cost, criticity to operation, lead-time, quantity of suppliers, among other parameters, shouldn´t have managed their inventory like normal production items (work in process e final products), that because their features, are managed by more predictable models based, for example, in economic order quantity. In the case specifically of companies of urban passenger transport by bus, items MRO have significant importance in their assets and a bad management of these inventories can cause serious losses to company, leading it even bankrupticy business, in more severe situations which missing spare part provokes vehicles shutdown indefinitely. Given slight attention to the issue, which translates in little literature available about it when compared to that literature about normal items stocks, and due the fact that MRO items be critical to bus urban transport of passengers companies´, it is necessary, so, deepen in this theme searching to give technical and scientific subsidies to companies that work, in many times, empirically, with these so decisive inputs to their business. As a typical portfolio problem, in which there are n items, separated into critical and noncritical, while competing for the same resource, it was developed a new algorithm to aid in a better inventory management of spare parts used only in corrective maintenance (whose failures are unpredictable and random), by analyzing the cost-benefit ratio, which compares the level of service versus cost of each item. The model was tested in a company of urban passenger transport by bus from the city of Natal, who anonymously provided their real data to application in this work

Sequía e inundación en la hiperllanura pampeana : una mirada desde el lote al municipio

p.71-77

Sequía e inundación en la hiperllanura pampeana : una mirada desde el lote al municipio

p.71-77

O papel da agricultura no desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro, 1980/1998

Este trabalho analisa o papel dos setores vinculados ao complexo agroindustrial no desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro, entre 1980 e 1998, através de seus encadeamentos sobre a produção e o emprego. Ele estuda, também, os efeitos da política agrícola do Governo brasileiro, no conjunto da economia, através dos índices de encadeamento da produção e do emprego. O ponto de partida deste estudo foram as tabelas de produção e de insumo das atividades econômicas de 1980, 1990 e 1998, fornecidas pelo IBGE. A partir dessas tabelas, foram determinadas as matrizes de relações intersetoriais do Brasil, para os anos referidos. A seguir, foram calculados os índices de encadeamento da produção e do emprego, a partir do modelo de Leontief e segundo as metodologias de Rasmussem e de Jones. O trabalho concluiu que os setores vinculados ao complexo agroindustrial continuam exercendo um importante papel no desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro, principalmente na geração de emprego, embora a política agrícola tenha se tornado desfavorável ao setor agrícola após 1990. Os impactos do complexo agroindustrial são mais importantes pelas compras do que pelas vendas, em razão da modernização do setor agropecuário, o que mostra mais uma vez que a agricultura continua sendo “o melhor cliente” do resto da economia.

Como a utilização do leilão reverso eletrônico pode impactar as compras do setor hoteleiro brasileiro

Globalization, as an economic, social and cultural phenomenon, has profoundly changed the behavior of individuals, companies and nations. It is responsible for an increasingly borderless world and a significant increase in competition between companies, due to the rapid dissemination of information and technical and scientific advances. Every day at the global level, the growing competition between companies makes it more difficult for corporations to boost their earnings through added revenues, which makes it imperative to cut costs to be profitable. To this end, utilization of the reverse auction, which has emerged as a new purchasing tool in recent years, offers the possibility of a significant and immediate reduction in prices, as well as greater operational efficiency in purchasing. The Brazilian hotel industry has also experienced transformations with globalization. A business characterized in the 70s by small and medium-sized companies has developed into an economic segment that today includes large international chains and, therefore, also needs to cut costs to be profitable. Applying the case study approach, this research seeks to evaluate the impact that the utilization of a reverse auction as a purchasing tool has had on the hotel industry in Brazil.

El mercado público y los acuerdos comerciales, un análisis económico

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