951 resultados para Liga AA 6000
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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No presente trabalho, foram feitos experimentos com a liga de Al – 0,6%Mg - 0,8%Si não refinada, com variações no teor de cobre (0,05% e 0,3%), que objetivaram avaliar dois aspectos do comportamento da liga. O primeiro aspecto diz respeito a afinidade entre esta e o molde, no qual busca se observar o efeito das variáveis térmicas de solidificação sobre a estrutura do fundido e sua correlação com propriedades mecânicas e elétricas, o segundo aspecto está relacionado com o comportamento intrínseco da variação da composição química quando submetida a baixas velocidades e taxas de resfriamento. Para a avaliação das variáveis térmicas de solidificação (velocidades das isotermas liquidus, taxas de resfriamento) utilizouse um dispositivo de solidificação unidirecional horizontal. Os lingotes produzidos a partir da solidificação da liga passaram pelos processos mecânicos de usinagem, laminação e trefilação, examinados em diferentes posições e diâmetros, através do ensaio de tração e condutividade elétrica. Foram analisadas as fraturas em função das microcavidades e diferentes concentrações de teores de cobre constatando-se que em relação ao material deformado a frio, o LRT tem uma tendência de crescimento para a liga de maior concentração de cobre. Os valores avaliados também possibilitaram concluir que a condutividade elétrica cresce quanto maior for o diâmetro das microcavidades e menor o teor de cobre. Com o objetivo de se avaliar somente o comportamento intrínseco da variação da composição química da liga, foi utilizado um segundo dispositivo de solidificação, molde em “U”, pintado internamente com solução de caulim que atribui ao molde baixas velocidades de resfriamento. Os resultados mostram que para os dois teores de cobre há uma tendência de crescimento do LRT com o aumento da redução sofrida pelas amostras, sendo o LRT maior para a liga com maior teor de cobre. Atribuímos este comportamento ao maior teor de soluto que por sua vez apresentou melhor resposta a deformação plástica, encruando mais o material. Entretanto, a caracterização elétrica ocorre de modo inverso, a exemplo do constatado na solidificação unidirecional, onde o menor teor de cobre foi mais eficiente.
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Aluminum alloys are widely used in industry, because they combine different mechanical properties according to the alloying elements used in addition to thermal and mechanical treatments performed, resulting in materials with good weight/resistance relation. The 7XXX series alloys are worked heat treatable alloys commonly used in the aerospace industry, especially due to their high mechanical properties obtained after aging heat treatment, which increases the interest around 7075 alloy. Some studies with alloys which can be aged show that it is possible that cold word processes affect the results of aging. Thus, this study was intended to verify the influence of the aging process of AA 7075 alloy. There were three routes of aging with specimens previously treated thermally. In the first route T6 treatment was performed with a annealed specimen and other in solid solution. The second was the natural aging in a annealed specimen. In the last route was done aging by steps with a annealed specimen and other in solid solution with the intention to reduce the effects of natural aging. The results show that the routes 1 and 3 had similar hardness for all the samples, showing that the validity of Route 3 as an alternative and also the hardening did not affect the hardness at the end of the process, significantly reducing the time required for the highest hardness. Finally, natural aging was less effective in increasing hardness
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The present work aims to study the characteristics of the alloy Al - 7 % Si - 0 , 3Mg ( AA356 ) , more specifically characterize the macrostructure and microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy ingots AA356 obtained in metal molds and sand molds for power studying the structures through the difference of cooling rates . This alloy is explained by the fact of referring league has excellent combination of properties such as low solidification shrinkage and good fluidity, good weldability , high wear resistance , high strength to weight ratio, has wide application in general engineering , and particularly in the automotive and aerospace engineering . In this work we will verify this difference in properties through two different cooling rates . We monitor the solid solidification temperatures by thermocouples building with them the cooling curve as a tool that will aid us to evaluate the effectiveness of the grain refining because it achieved with some important properties of the alloy as the latent heat of solidification fraction the liquid and solid temperatures, the total solidification time, and identify the presence of inoculants for grain refinement. Thermal analysis will be supported by the study of graphic software “Origin “will be achieved where the cooling curve and its first derivative that is the cooling rate. Made thermal analysis, analysis will be made in macrographs ingots obtained for observation of macrostructures obtained in both types of ingots and also analysis of micrographs where sampling will occur in strategic positions ingots to correlate with the microstructure. Finally will be collecting data from Brinell hardness of ingots and so then correlating the properties of their respective ingots with cooling rate. We found that obtained with cast metal ingots showed superior properties to the ingots obtained with sand mold
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Modificações na composição química e no processamento termomecânico têm sido algumas das várias alternativas estudadas, para melhorar o desempenho de ligas de alumínio tradicionais. Neste trabalho foi modificada a composição de uma liga Al-Mn-Mg do tipo AA 3104, endurecível por deformação, adicionando-se diversos teores de zinco, transformando-a numa liga Al-Mn-Mg(Zn), endurecível por precipitação. O objetivo foi estudar e quantificar os efeitos do zinco sobre o processamento termomecânico e as propriedades mecânicas da liga modificada. Ligas com teores de zinco entre 0,03 a 1,52% foram fundidas e processadas obtendo-se um encruamento semelhante a condição H-19 industrial, denominada rota R. Ligas com teores de zinco entre 1,14 a 2,17% foram fundidas e processadas segundo três diferentes rotas: na rota S, o recozimento da rota R foi substituído por solubilização antes da laminação a frio; nas rotas E3H e E6H, as tiras laminadas a frio foram envelhecidas em dois estágios: 121°C por três horas para as duas rotas, mais três horas para a rota E3H e seis para a rota EH a 163°. A tensão de escoamento (SIGMA IND E) e a resistência à tração (SIGMA IND T) para a rota R aumentaram da ordem de 18% e 19% respectivamente, com o aumento do teor de zinco, enquanto o alongamento (E) permaneceu em torno de 4,5%. As propriedades mecânicas (SIGMA IND E SIGMA T E ) AUMENTARAM EM TORNO DE 25%, 31% E 27%, respectivamente, para a rota S. Considerando concentrações aproximadamente iguais de zinco, não foram verificadas diferenças significativas para (SIGMA E SIGMA T), entre as rotas R E S, no entanto, a rota S apresentou alongamento médio maior que a rota R da ordem 44%. Os menores valores de (SIGMA IND E SIGMA IND T) e os maiores valores de E foram obtidos para a rota E6H.
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The macrostructure of an alloy solidification in the raw state is of utmost importance due to its influence on mechanical properties. A structure showing columnar grains is generally undesirable in most applications of cast products and grain refining aims to suppress the formation of these grains and get a fine-grained equiaxed structure that improves the supply of liquid metal and the mechanical properties, as yield strength and tensile strength limit, as well as the tendency of formation of hot cracks. The type and size of grains formed are determined by chemical composition, cooling rate and the use of inoculum for grain refining. Titanium and boron are the major refiners in the aluminum industry and can be added to the molten metal in the form of alloys such as Al-Ti, Al-Ti-B or Al-B. In this paper we will discuss the information obtained from cooling curves and first derivative of the cooling curve to obtain the thermal parameters that influence the process of grain refining alloy AA 356.0
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It is very important to study the macrostructure of a material in the crude state of solidification due to influence the mechanical properties, as well as the study of their cooling curve. In the present work was to study the alloy AA 356, its macrostructure and its cooling curve. The material was cast in two different molds, a sand and other metallic. In this paper we study the differences in its macrostructure and its cooling curves. In macrostructure can observe the absence of the three zones of solidification and the presence of large pores because of moisture in the sand. In the sample taken from the metal mold can observe the three zones of solidification: a coquilhada, columnar and equiaxed
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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One of the ways to minimize the effects of unproductive time caused by tool wear can be achieved by introducing an efficient system of lubrication and cooling in the process. However, in the last decade the research had the goal to restrict the maximum use of refrigerants and / or lubricants in metal-mechanical production. The important factors that justify this procedure include the operational costs of production, ecological issues, and the legal requirements of environmental conservation and preservation of human health. The purpose of the proposed work is the study of machining by turning with the focus on the influence caused by the application of cutting fluid in several ways of application (abundant and MQF) and also by comparing the results obtained by machining without the presence of fluid . For this purpose, the turning tests are conducted using an aluminum alloy (AA 7075). The response variables to be analyzed were obtained from the roughness (Ra and Ry), the stresses presented (VB) and their progression in relation to the cutting length achieved, the type of chip formed, in addition to changes in the degree of finish (roughness) presented by the turned parts. The results of this study should provide more detailed information about the actual influence of cutting fluids in turning this alloy, which are characterized by high rates of deformation when the formation of damaging your chip machining and also the quality of surface generated. Therefore, it is expected to provide subsidies to promote the optimization of machining this alloy making the most of the role of cutting fluid
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC
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Live coding performances provide a context with particular demands and limitations for music making. In this paper we discuss how as the live coding duo aa-cell we have responded to these challenges, and what this experience has revealed about the computational representation of music and approaches to interactive computer music performance. In particular we have identified several effective and efficient processes that underpin our practice including probability, linearity, periodicity, set theory, and recursion and describe how these are applied and combined to build sophisticated musical structures. In addition, we outline aspects of our performance practice that respond to the improvisational, collaborative and communicative requirements of musical live coding.
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The 31P nmr spectra of 2,4- and 2,6-diamino-derivatives of octachlorocyclotetraphosphazatetraene, N4P4Cl6(NR1R2)2 (R1 = H, R2 = But; R1 = H, R2 = CH2Ph; R1 = Me, R2 = Ph), have been measured. The 2,4- and 2,6-isomers were analysed as AA'BB' and A2B2 spin systems respectively. In the 2,4-isomers the spin-spin couplings 2J(PNP) and 4J(PNPNP) were of opposite sign.