Pressure induced phase transition in metallic LaB6: A Raman study

We report high pressure Raman studies on single crystals of metallic LaB6 upto a pressure of 16.$ GPa. Raman spectra shows three lines at 680 cm(-1) (T-2g), 1120 cm(-1) (E-g) and 1258 cm(-1) (A(1g)), associated with the internal modes of B-6 molecule. The T-2g mode shows an asymmetric Fano line shape, arising from the interference between the phonon line and the electronic continuum. The line is fitted with I(omega) = I-0(q + epsilon(2))/(I + epsilon(2)) where epsilon = (omega - omega(0))/Gamma, omega(0) is the phonon frequency renormalised due to electron-phonon self energy corrections, Tis the width parameter proportional to the square of the matrix element of the electron-phonon interaction potential. The parameter a signifies the strength of interference. Most interestingly our pressure data for the T-2g mode shows a significant change in the slope of the mode frequency with pressure d omega(0)/dP and Gamma at 9.5 GPa. This clearly indicates that LaB6 undergoes a subtle phase transition at 9.5 GPa within the metallic phase.

Exchange interaction effects in the ESR spectra of Eu2+ in LaB6

The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of Eu2+ (4f(7), S = 7/2) in LaB6 single crystal show a single Dysonian resonance for the localized Eu2+ magnetic moments. It is shown that the Eu2+ ions are covalent exchange coupled to the (B) 2p-like host conduction electrons. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Metal hexaborides with Sc, Ti or Mn

Comparison of well-determined single crystal data for stoichiometric, or near-stoichiometric, metal hexaborides con-firm previously identified lattice parameter trends using powder diffraction. Trends for both divalent and trivalent forms suggest that potential new forms for synthesis include Sc and Mn hexaborides. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for KB6, CaB6, YB6, LaB6, boron octahedral clusters and Sc and Mn forms, show that the shapes of bonding orbitals are defined by the boron framework. Inclusion of metal into the boron framework induces a reduction in energy ranging from 1 eV to 6 eV increasing with ionic charge. For metals with d1 character, such a shift in energy brings a doubly degenerate band section along the G-M reciprocal space direction within the conduction bands tangential to the Fermi surface. ScB6 band structure and density of states calculations show directional and gap characteristics similar to those of YB6 and LaB6. These calculations for ScB6 suggest it may be possible to realize superconductivity in this compound if synthesized.

Comparison of functionals for metal hexaboride band structure calculations

Density functional calculations of the electronic band structure for superconducting and semi-conducting metal hexaborides are compared using a consistent suite of assumptions and with emphasis on the physical implications of computed models. Spin polarization enhances mathematical accuracy of the functional approximations and adds significant physical meaning to model interpretation. For YB6 and LaB6, differences in alpha and beta projections occur near the Fermi energy. These differences are pronounced for superconducting hexaborides but do not occur for other metal hexaborides.

1.2 MeV/40 mA电子加速器的研制

装置应国内辐照加工需求而研制,采用单相无铁芯变压器结构,初级供以400 Hz的中频交流,次级全波整流倍压后级联形成直流高压。加速管同心地位于次级线圈内,电子枪采用间热式LaB6发射阴极。该装置结构紧凑,电子束1.2 MeV/40 mA,束流功率近50 kW,不稳定度均好于±5%,电功率转化效率高于65%,已通过8 h运行测试。

Development of external electron-beam enhancement of the Penning ionization gauge ion source

To study the injection of additional electrons from an external electron gun into the plasma of a Penning ionization gauge (PIG) ion source, a test bench for the external electron-beam enhancement of the PIG (E-PIG) ion source was set up. A source magnet assembly was built to satisfy the request for magnetic field configuration of the E-PIG ion source. Numerical calculations have been done to optimize the magnetic field configuration so as to fit the primary electrons to be fed into the PIG discharge chamber along the spreading magnetic field lines. Many possible methods for improving the performance and stability of the PIG ion source have been used in the E-PIG ion source, including the use of multicrystal LaB6 cathode and optimized axial magnetic field. This article presents a detailed design of the E-PIG ion source. Substantial enhancement of ion charge state is expected to be observed which demonstrates that the E-PIG is a viable alternative to other much more costly and difficult to operate devices for the production of intense ion beams of higher charge state.

低能髙流强电子束在绝缘管中的导向效应研究

带电粒子与绝缘体表面相互作用的研究揭示了很多新的物理现象和物理规律，目前该研究领域已拓展到原子物理，固体物理，等离子体物理等领域，特别是促进了纳米材料，超小尺寸半导体芯片制作，固体结构分析等应用领域的发展。本论文介绍了低能高流强电子束与绝缘体相互作用实验平台的建设，包括强流LaB6电子枪，64通道一维位置灵敏法拉第筒，电流电压转换放大器，基于Lab VIEW的数据获取软件系统等。研究了低能高流强电子束与锥形绝缘毛细管之间的相互作用。测量了出射电子的角分布与能谱，研究了入射电子能量、流强对电子传输效率的影响，分析了电子与高电荷态粒子同毛细管相互作用的区别。用低能高流强电子束与等内径弯曲绝缘管相互作用，测量了出射电子的角分布，研究了入射能量与流强对导向效应的影响。研究表明，与高点和态离子相比，电子与绝缘管相互作用有许多新的特性，电子传输效率较高电荷态粒子小1-2个数量级，且能量损失严重。量子反射和多次小角度散射是电子导向的主要原因

Limitations of asymmetric parallel-beam geometry

Bragg diffraction peak profiles and intensities in asymmetric (Omega-2theta) diffraction using a mirror-based parallel-beam geometry were compared with symmetric parallel-beam (theta-2theta) and conventional Bragg - Brentano (theta-2theta) diffraction for a powdered quartz sample and the NIST standard reference material (SRM) 660a (LaB6, lanthanum hexaboride). A comparison of the intensities and line widths (full width at half-maximum, FWHM) of these techniques demonstrated that low incident angles (Omega < 5&DEG;) are preferable for the parallel-beam setup. For higher &UOmega; values, if 2θ < 2Omega, mass absorption reduces the intensities significantly compared with the Bragg - Brentano setup. The diffraction peak shapes for the mirror geometry are more asymmetric and have larger FWHM values than corresponding peaks recorded with a Bragg - Brentano geometry. An asymmetric mirror-based parallel-beam geometry offers some advantages in respect of intensity when compared with symmetric geometries, and hence may be well suited to quantitative studies, such as those involving Rietveld analysis. A trial Rietveld refinement of a 50% quartz - 50% corundum mixture was performed and produced adequate results.