History of Mohammedanism, and its sects; derived chiefly from oriental sources.

Mode of access: Internet.

The early Australian press and the Middle Eastern 'other'

In recent years, and particularly since the events of September 11 2001 and the subsequent “War on Terror”, much scholarly attention has been paid to the Australian news media’s role in stereotyping, homogenising, victimising and demonising people of Middle Eastern descent or of the Islamic faith. However, contemporary Australian journalists have not so much invented the tropes and stereotypes that they have used to construct this negative image and limited discursive field, as they have invoked a rich tapestry of pre-existing notions about the non-Western world. This paper therefore seeks to investigate the relationship between Edward Said’s notion of Orientalism and the Australian press of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Beginning with its deplorable coverage of Australia’s Indigenous people and the paranoia surrounding the “Asian Invasion” this paper sheds new light on the coverage of Islam and the Middle East in the early Australian press and the emergence of the “Muslim Menace”. Finally, this chapter concludes by noting that such a racialist history raises a host of questions and challenges for the contemporary Australian news media.

Tevârîh-i Âl-i Osman : manuscript, undated

Popular history that starts with stories of the prophets (ff. 5r-17v) the offers anecdotes from the life of Prophet Muḥammad (ff. 17v-20v) and the four rightly guided caliphs and narrates history of Islamic dynasties (ff. 20v-35v). History of Ottoman family starts with Ertuġrıl and ends with at Süleymān Qānūnī (ff. 35v-60v). Enumerates sultan's campaigns, charitable foundations they established, and noteworthy contemporary scholars and religious personalities.

A Shared European History? Perceptions of Imperialism and Islam in Matriculation Examination Essays and History Textbooks

The European Union (EU) is faced with a continuous decrease in public support. There is a tension between the growing Euroscepticism and the concurrent academic discourse of a shared European identity. Informed and inspired by the current debates, this Master’s Thesis investigates the potential of a shared past to create shared identity. It also addresses the logic of cultural exclusion that is often connected to collective cultural identities. The source material is a combination of exam essays, written as answers to the history tests in the Finnish matriculation examinations of 2005-2008, and upper secondary school history textbooks. From the sources, current perceptions of Islam (as Europe’s Other) and the age of imperialism (as a debated period from Europe’s past) among the youth are studied. Through the analysis the thesis aims to indicate the level of consensus within the pupils’ identification with the past and with Europe. This objective is pursued through examining the pupils’ perceptions of Europe’s past and its relationship to non-European cultures and countries as they are manifested in the essays, and reflecting upon the level of influence that history textbooks as representatives of national hegemonic historical narratives might have on the contents, framings and emphases with and through which the pupils approach, imagine, and reproduce Europe’s past. The approach is based on previous research on the presence of history and the field of textbook research. The theoretical categories with which the sources are analyzed are derived primarily from literature on identity, European integration, history and memory, postcolonial criticism, and theorizations of European identity. Results of the research project suggest that the rhetoric of European superiority, despite its apparent demise, still resonates in contemporary understandings of Europeanness. Dominant perceptions of imperialism comprise of European agency and colonial submission, dominant perceptions of the Islamic world of fundamental difference. Identification with European history among the Finnish youth is rather shallow when examined through perceptions of imperialism; the Islamic world is perceived as Other and its representations are dominated by recent and contemporary international relations.

A short history of the Middle East, from the rise of Islam to modern times.

Bibliography: p. [283]-286.

A short history of the Middle East, from the rise of Islam to modern times.

Bibliography: p. [283]-286.

Moslem schisms and sects = al-Farḳ bain al-firaḳ : being the history of the various philosophic systems developed in Islam /

Includes index.

Islam Bogotá: presencia inicial y diversidad

El texto se centra en el estudio de las comunidades musulmanas de Bogotá. Como tal, se hace referencia a las tendencias de pensamiento religioso que las distinguen dentro de la diversidad existente en el Mundo Islámico, pero especialmente se hace énfasis en sus actividades, prácticas cotidianas, formas de organización y relación con el entorno social de la ciudad. El trabajo es fruto del estudio realizado por la Línea de Historia y Estudio Comparado de las Religiones del Centro de Estudios Teológicos y de las Religiones de la Universidad del Rosario, entre los musulmanes de la ciudad durante los años 2007 - 2008. El texto, que se dirige a un público amplio, no especializado en el tema, ofrece una base introductoria al Islam como hecho religioso, social y cultural, así como a la manera en la que los musulmanes viven su cotidianidad, con el fin de preparar a los lectores para comprender de manera adecuada los pormenores del estudio realizado. Así mismo, se enmarca el fenómeno de las comunidades musulmanas en la ciudad dentro de una traducción histórica, pero también dentro de unos ejes de influencia que los relacionan con otras regiones del mundo y del continente.

Girona entre l'Islam i Carlemany: una ciutat de frontera (759-801)

Tradicionalment s'ha considerat l'ocupació de Girona pels francs (any 785) com el moment "fundacional" de la ciutat medieval, en paral·lel a la consideració que ha merescut l'època de Carlemany (final del segle VIII i principi del IX) com una època formativa en la història de Catalunya. Però tenim raons per pensar que aquells moments no significaren un gran terrabastall en una ciutat que, des de començament del segle VIII, jugava un paper polític i militar significatiu en els esdeveniments de l'anomenada Marca Superior, el territori musulmà proper a les terres del regne franc. Més endavant, un cop incorporada a l'imperi carolingi, Girona mantingué la seva condició de ciutat capital de frontera o marca, fins a la conquesta de Barcelona l'any 801. Volem historiar, en la mesura del possible, aquesta etapa d'uns quaranta anys -entre 759 i 801- quan la ciutat visqué en primera línia i, també, protagonitzà les vicissituds de l'enfrontament entre dos dels grans estats d'aquell moment: la monarquia franca dels carolingis i l'emirat omeia A'al-Andalús. Els moviments d'anada i tomada dels seus exèrcits van situar Girona en primera línia de combat en aquells anys, fins a la definitiva consolidació del poder franc a principis del segle IX

The ‘flow of Asia’ — vocabularies of engagement : a cultural history

The article reviews the history of Australian representations of Asia from the mid-19th century to the present. It argues that there are instructive continuities between recent references to ‘Asia literacy’ and to injunctions to know Asia that date from the late 19th century. It examines representations of Asia that stress fluidity and unpredictability, and argues that fluid Asia has been assigned characteristics not unlike those attributed to women and the crowd. The implications of this analysis for recent discussions of the threat posed by political Islam are also referred to. In such discussions ‘the proper treatment of women’ is commonly represented as both an established Australian value and one now under threat. The article ends by suggesting that the Howard government sought to marginalise ‘Asia literacy’, replacing it with ‘Australia literacy’.

The Edinburgh companion to the history of democracy

Democracy has never been more popular. It is successfully practiced today in a myriad of different ways by people across virtually every cultural, religious or socio-economic context. The 45 original essays collected in this companion suggest that the global popularity of democracy derives in part from its breadth and depth in the common history of human civilization. It sets a benchmark as the first collection on the history of democracy to present lesser known examples, such as those of ancient China, medieval Islam, colonial Africa or today's Burma, alongside more familiar cases like Athens, the English Parliament, the French Revolution and Women's Suffrage.

Undersdtanding where democracy comes from, and where its greatest successes and most dismal failures lie, is central to democracy's project of inventing ways to address the need of people everywhere to live in peace and freedom and with a say in the decisions that affect their lives.

The design of architectural dialect and local identity as Islam strategy in promoting its thought in Indonesia

The design of mosques in Indonesia uses basic principal form of Hindu temple with its roof taking the form of layered pyramid (3, 5, 7). This architectural dialect design approach was effective in promoting Islam in most regions of the Indonesian Archipelago. The detailed explanation about architectural dialect will be elaborated in my full paper. This paper discuss about a friendly approach by using Hindu Building as mosque. It has given a greatly impact to the surrounding society to Accept new religion. Such temple-styled mosques have a history dating back to 1200 AD and form the basic inspiration for mosque designs in all parts of the country. The layered pyramid mosque’s architectural dialect design proves that architecture has played significant role in promoting Islamic doctrines in Indonesia. 85% of the total Indonesian population is Muslim. Based on these statistics, it is widely evident that the use of dialect design as a political strategy by Muslim scholars was effective in introducing and promoting Islamic ideologies in Indonesia. The strategy facilitated psychological acceptance of Islam by the local populations who were initially Hindu believers and were accustomed to the temple. Additionally, the design ensured the peaceful introduction and spread of Islam in the region. Moreover, the fact that the dialect design was based on local identity, combined with local architecture that had highly recognizable building elements (roof and ornament) promoted the spread of Islam in Indonesia.