Estereotipo, frontera y género : una lectura negociada de tres cintas de la India María

Jouée par María Elena Velasco depuis la fin des années 1960, la India María met en scène une indienne « authentique » qui, malgré son statut et ses limitations sociales, dénonce le traitement des institutions auxquelles elle est soumise : les systèmes politique, judiciaire, économique et religieux. Néanmoins, lors des premières projections des films sur le grand écran, la critique portait essentiellement sur les aspects superficiels et a réprouvé la façon dont les indiens et le Mexique étaient représentés, car jugée réactionnaire. Au début des années 1990, des chercheurs ont commencé à étudier ses films en proposant une lecture « négociée » : ils s’intéressent à l’effet humoristique produit sur le public par sa performance et ses aventures, en même temps qu’ils reconnaissent l’ambigüité du personnage et des narrations, tout en soulignant les discours ethnique et de classe. À travers l’analyse de Tonta, tonta pero no tanto (Bête, bête, mais pas trop) de Fernando Cortés (1972), Ni de aquí ni de allá (Ni d’ici ni de là-bas) de María Elena Velasco (1988), et Sor Tequila (Sœur Tequila) de Rogelio González (1977), mon mémoire contribue à cette lecture en étudiant trois sujets : le stéréotype cristallisé dans ce personnage, afin de démontrer comment celui-ci permet une critique de la société mexicaine ; les nouveaux enjeux culturels auxquels le système néolibéral affronte les autochtones ; et la transformation du masculin et du public à travers une construction alternative du féminin.

Jatropha cultivation in southern India: assessing farmers' experiences

Together with 106 farmers who started growing Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) in 20042006, this research sought to increase the knowledge around the real-life experience of Jatropha farming in the southern India states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. Launched as an alternative for diesel in India, Jatropha has been promoted as a non-edible plant that could grow on poor soils, yield oil-rich seeds for production of bio-diesel, and not compete directly with food production. Through interviews with the farmers, information was gathered regarding their socio-economic situation, the implementation and performance of their Jatropha plantations, and their reasons for continuing or discontinuing Jatropha cultivation. Results reveal that 82% of the farmers had substituted former cropland for their Jatropha cultivation. By 2010, 85% (n = 90) of the farmers who cultivated Jatropha in 2004 had stopped. Cultivating the crop did not give the economic returns the farmers anticipated, mainly due to a lack of information about the crop and its maintenance during cultivation and due to water scarcity. A majority of the farmers irrigated and applied fertilizer, and even pesticides. Many problems experienced by the farmers were due to limited knowledge about cultivating Jatropha caused by poor planning and implementation of the national Jatropha program. Extension services, subsidies, and other support were not provided as promised. The farmers who continued cultivation had means of income other than Jatropha and held hopes of a future Jatropha market. The lack of market structures, such as purchase agreements and buyers, as well as a low retail price for the seeds, were frequently stated as barriers to Jatropha cultivation. For Jatropha biodiesel to perform well, efforts are needed to improve yield levels and stability through genetic improvements and drought tolerance, as well as agriculture extension services to support adoption of the crop. Government programs will -probably be more effective if implementing biodiesel production is conjoined with stimulating the demand for Jatropha biodiesel. To avoid food-biofuel competition, additional measures may be needed such as land-use restrictions for Jatropha producers and taxes on biofuels or biofuel feedstocks to improve the competitiveness of the food sector compared to the bioenergy sector. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Trajetórias de reformas e mudanças institucionais na semiperiferia : abertura financeira e capacidades estatais no Brasil e India

A presente tese se empenha na análise comparada de corte polanyiano da trajetória de liberalização econômica do Brasil e Índia. O objetivo é compreender os padrões de mudança institucional que organizam as reformas orientadas para o mercado. Para isso empregou uma análise que combina modelos de coalizão de interesse, dependência de trajetória e comunidades epistêmicas empregados de forma interdependente para entender as adaptações ao cenário de globalização financeira. Os mecanismos de fertilização mútua dessas variáveis causais desempenham um papel analítico crucial porque permitiu escapar de modelos monocausais que tendem a ficar presos a explicações que sobredeterminam exclusivamente restrições externas, padrões institucionais domésticos ou legados institucionais estatais. Ao empregar esse instrumento, a tese procura mostrar as diferenças no grau de liberdade das capacidades estatais entre Brasil e Índia no contexto das reformas e as semelhanças em termos da estratégia incremental das reformas.

In southern India : a visit to some of the chief mission stations in the Madras presidency / by Mrs. Murray Mitchell.

http://www.archive.org/details/insouthernindivi00mitcuoft

Devocion para el dia tercero de cada mes, en honor del gloriosisimo apostol de la India San Francico Xavier

UANL

L'India nell'immaginario occidentale

L'Inde a constitué un lieu de voyage pour beaucoup d`écrivains occidentaux, en particulier, pendant les années 60-70, pour cinq intelllectuels éuropéens et americains, qui ont voyagé et écrit différents textes. Pasolini, Moravia, Paz, Ginsberg et Duras ont parlé de l'Inde en utilisant différents languages pour décrire leur réncontre avec l'Autre au délà des catégories binaires occidentales.

The first Triassic lungfish from South America (Santa Maria Formation, Paraná Basin) and its bearing on geological correlations within Pangaea

The Triassic fish faunas of the Southern Hemisphere are only known from a few sedimentary basins and the most productive sites are those from the Karoo Supergroup, in South Africa and the Sydney Basin of Australia. A single lungfish tooth plate ascribed to Ptychoceratodus cf. philippsi was recovered from Late Triassic (Carnian) red beds of southern Brazil and is described herein. This find extends to South America the palaeogeographic distribution of the genus, which occurs in the Early Triassic of Australia and South Africa and the Middle/Late Triassic of Europe and Late Triassic of Madagascar and India. The presence of this dipnoan solely in the uppermost part of the Santa Maria Formation suggests that the migration of Ptychoceratodus towards the Paraná Basin began not before the late Induan/early Olenekian (late Early Triassic). At that time, more humid (monsoonal) conditions prevailed in what is now southern Brazil, compared to semi-arid/desert conditions that dominated the Late Permian and possibly the earliest Early Triassic (the latter presumably not represented in the Paraná Basin). © The Geological Society of London 2008.

Brasil e polos emergentes do poder mundial: Rússia, India, China e Africa do Sul

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