999 resultados para Imóveis rurais


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The land question has been a widely discussed topic in Brazil, regarding land tenure. Law No. 10.267/01 was a major breakthrough for the agrarian issue. Since then on all rural properties must be georeferenced to the Brazilian Geodetic System (BGS). Therefore, satellite positioning and conventional methods are extensively used. Changes have been occurring in satellite positioning systems due to the addition of new signals in GPS (Global System Positioning), restructuring of GLONASS (Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System), and the new systems like Galileo and Compass as well. To evaluate the effects of combining GPS and GLONASS data, several batches of processings were performed on different configurations. The data processing was performed to determine the coordinates of points of basic support and those materializing the neighborhood of the rural properties. As a result, it was found that the use of accurate ephemeris in transporting coordinates to support points has no significant influence, since transportation with broadcast ephemeris also meets the accuracy requirements for the Standard Technique for Georreferencing Rural Properties. On the other hand, when GPS and GLONASS data were used, such combination provides the best results. In the case of neighboring points, the use of GPS and GLONASS data is also recommended because such data meet the precision requirement and showed better results than those from where data were processed separately.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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Aiming to evaluate the methodologies of surveys related with the specifications of Geo-referencing Rural Parcels in Brazil, established by INCRA (National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform), in attendance to the Law 10.267/01, and considering aspects of precision and accuracy, a test area was set up in the Assentamento Florestan Fernandes, in the county of Presidente Bernardes, SP. This area was subdivided in three sub-areas in order to simulate the existence of three contiguous rural parcels. The first stage of work consisted in the implantation and determination of the control points coordinates in their respective areas. These control points were determined by the process of direct transport, using dual frequency (L1/L2) GPS receivers and through the process of traverse with baselines of up to 20 km, using single frequency receivers (L1). The coordinates of the points of the perimeter of the three sub-areas were determined using single frequency GPS receivers, from two survey methods, both using static relative positioning. The first one, so called traverse, each point that delimits the property was occupied successively, starting from the control point and closing at another. In other, denominated double irradiation, each point of the property was irradiated from two control points. These procedures were accomplished with the intention to define and to implement a mistake control strategy, to realize redundancy measurements and to use an adjustment method correctly, to obtain trustworthily values in the patterns demanded in each kind of survey. With the data collected and processed some analyses could be accomplished from the discrepancies between the coordinates obtained by different methodologies. The results show that this test area may be used to validate other methodologies and equipments. The results were satisfactory and attended the specifications of Geo-referencing Rural Parcel.

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Inclui notas explicativas e bibliográficas

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 2016.

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Este artigo visa analisar as implicações decorrentes da implementação parcial do Cadastro Nacional de Imóveis Rurais (CNIR) para o Imposto Territorial Rural (ITR) e para os projetos de Reforma Agrária. Entendido como um elemento necessário para a compreensão da atual configuração territorial brasileira, o CNIR se apresenta como um sistema normativo no território, elaborado a partir de sistemas técnicos que se utilizam de tecnologias da informação (sistema de GPS, sensoriamento remoto orbital e sistemas de informação geográfica), operacionalizando um cadastro fundiário de maior precisão e atualizado regular e periodicamente. São apontadas as implicações diretas que o cadastro georreferenciado de imóveis rurais possui, como identificação de terras devolutas, reconhecimento de posses ilegais, inconsistências nos dados sobre a situação fundiária brasileira, além de sua relação com o sistema de tributação fundiária e as possibilidades de reforma agrária, analisando a sua utilização para a chamada Reforma Agrária de Mercado, promovida pelo Banco Mundial. O CNIR é, portanto, entendido como um elemento da densidade técnica e normativa do espaço geográfico e que ocasiona em novas formas de uso, organização e regulação do território brasileiro.

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The main objective of this study was elaborating a diagnosis of technical conditions of Legal Reserves situation on the rural properties in Botucatu. In addition, considering the characteristics of fauna and flora and the economic aspects of these areas, it was presented alternatives to encourage the correct implantation and the effective preservation of the Legal Reserves. Because these areas contribute to the maintenance of local biodiversity and to availability of environmental services essential for all living creatures. In this study it was observed the presence of native vegetation in 13% of the rural properties’ areas in Botucatu, it is therefore necessary the recovery (reforestation) of 7% of all the rural properties’ areas, to be achieved the 20% of native vegetation (minimum area to be preserved as Legal Reserve, as disposed in Federal Law nº 12.651/12) on rural properties. A viable and significant alternative for recovery these areas, reinforced by the new forestry law, is the practice of sustainable management, that must be carried in harmony with conventional farming practices existing in the remaining areas of rural properties

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O presente trabalho procura colocar a tona – a partir de leituras bibliográficas, conversas e entrevistas com donos de cartórios – a questão fundiária no Brasil, mais especificamente no município de Araraquara; tendo como eixo estruturante a evolução histórica, as leis e a legislação que regem essa instituição; além disso, há uma discussão sobre as teorias a respeito dos direitos de propriedade e custos de transação. Por fim, serão calculados os dispêndios para a compra/venda de uma propriedade rural, observando o porquê de alguns donos de imóveis rurais não registram, ou quando o fazem não é acompanhado do cadastro que compete ao INCRA