Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of indica rice cultivars using binary and superbinary vectors

The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system was extended to two indica cultivars: a widely cultivated breeding line IR-64 and an elite basmati cultivar Karnal Local. Root tips and shoot tips of seedlings, and scutellar-calli derived from mature seeds showed high-efficiency Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection and stable transformation. In addition to the superbinary vector pTOK233 in Agrobacterium strain LBA4404, almost equally high levels of transformation were achieved with a relatively much smaller (13.1 kb) binary vector (pCAMBIA1301) in a supervirulent host strain AGL1. In both cases, as well as in both cultivars, while 60–90% of the infected explants produced calli resistant to the selectable agent hygromycin, 59–75% of such calli tested positive for GUS. A high level (400 μM) of acetosyringone in the preinduction medium for Agrobacterium and a higher level (500 μM) in the cocultivation medium was necessary for an enhancement in transformation frequency of the binary vector to levels comparable to a superbinary. Hygromycin-resistant calli could be produced from all the explants used. Transformants could be regenerated for both cultivars using the superbinary and binary vector, but only for calli of scutellar origin. In addition to the molecular confirmation of hpt and gus gene transfer and transcription, absence of gene sequences outside the transferred DNA (T-DNA) region confirmed absence of any long T-DNA transfer.

Genotype x culture media interaction effects on regeneration response of three indica rice cultivars

Interactive effects of genotypes with callus induction and regeneration media combinations on green plantlet regeneration response were studied for three indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, IR-72, IR-54 and Karnal Local. Isolated mature-embryoswere used to derive scutellar callus and fifteen media combinations involvingMS, N6, R2, SK1 and some modifications were tested. Regeneration percentage as well as the shoot-bud induction frequency were influenced by genotype, callus induction medium, regeneration medium, interaction between genotype and the two media (callus induction and regeneration) as well the interaction between the callus induction medium and regeneration medium. Basal media combination of SK1m (callusing) and MS (regeneration) was found to be the best for cv. Karnal Local in which regeneration frequency of 88% and shoot-bud induction of 233% was observed. In IR-72, the highest regeneration frequency of 47.5% and shoot-bud induction frequency of 77% was obtained on MS-MS combination. In IR-54, highest regeneration frequency (25%) was recorded on MMS(N)-MMS(N) combination, whereas, highest frequency of shoot-bud induction (50%) was observed on MMS(S)-MS combination. Although genotype and the composition of the callus induction basal medium were the major determinants of regeneration response, an overall analysis of variation also revealed a significant interaction between the media used for de-differentiation (callusing) and re-differentiation (plantlet regeneration)

Biolistic transformation of elite indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars through semi-solid and liquid medium selection systems

Following microprojectile mediated delivery of a plasmid construct (pAHC-25) encoding bar (bialophos resistance) gene into five-day-old scutellar calli derived from mature embryos, the effectiveness of selection procedure for bar-gene expressing tissue was compared for two indica rice cultivars (IR-64 and Karnal Local). While IR-64 transformants could be selected through the generally used semi-solid selection medium, the same procedure was not effective in the basmati cultivar Karnal Local. In the latter case, while lower concentrations (2–4 mg 1−1) of the selective agent phosphinothricin (PPT) yielded only escapes, higher concentrations (6–8 mg l−1) inhibited proliferation of transformed as well as untransformed sectors. For Karnal Local, a liquid medium based selection system was successfully utilized for recovering transformed sectors and, eventually, regenerants. The study demonstrates the generation of transformants of two elite indica cultivars using the environment-independent system of mature embryos from seeds.

Evaluación de doce lineas y cuatro variedades de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en comparación con cuatro testigos comerciales en condiciones de riego

El presente estudio se realizó en la Cooperativa Ornar Torrijos Herrera, localizada en el Valle de Sébaco, departamento de Matagalpa, con el objetivo de evaluar la adaptabilidad y comportamiento agronómico de doce líneas y cuatro variedades promisorias de arroz como prueba observacional de rendimiento, sembrándose en condiciones de riego, con el método de siembra a chorrillo. Para el presente estudio se tomó como parámetro el del Sistema de Evaluación Estandar del CIAT de Colombia evaluandose características como floración, altura de planta, acame, exerción, desgrane, senescencia, aceptabilidad fenotípica y la determinación del rendimiento y sus componentes. En base a los resultados obtenidos en las evaluaciones de las características agronómicas y componentes del rendimiento se seleccionaron 9 líneas A3046, A3047, A3048, A3050, A3051, A3052, A3055 A3057 y A3065 lo que da un total de 75 por ciento de selección del material evaluado. En el caso de las variedades se seleccionaron IR-64, IR-72, IR 59682 y PSBRC-10, equivalente a un 100 por ciento. La línea con rendimiento más alto fue A3047 con 7 272.73 kg/ha y la del menor rendimiento A3034 con 4 090.91 kglha. Respecto a las variedades la de mayor rendimeintofue IR-72 con 7 712.12 kglha y la de menor fue IR-64 con 5424.24 kglha. El material seleccionado se evaluará en una prueba preliminar y avanzada de rendimiento debido a que estos materiales se mantuvieron por encima de los 5 424.24 kglha y no se observaron enfermedades.

X-ray and IR characterisation of Nasicon solid solution, Na1+xZr2SixP3−xO12

X-ray and IR studies on Nasicon solid solutions, Na1+xZr2SixP3−xO12, are carried out as a function of composition x. X-ray diffraction studies show that the unit cell volume increases as x increases and exhibits a maximum at x ≈ 2. On further increase in x the unit cell volume decreases. The infrared absorption peak positions and the splitting of these absorption peaks suggest a distortion of the PO4 and SiO4 tetrahedra. But the distortion is not large enough to change the local symmetry around the phosphorus or silicon ion from Td to C3v.

杂交水稻威优64及其亲本叶绿体D1蛋白基因psbA的分子克隆与结构比较研究

水稻是我国及东南亚广大地区的主要粮食作物之一。已发现由叶绿体基因组编码的某些多肽与光合效率之间存在着密切的联系。但是，根据我们所掌握的资料，直至目前为止，还没有见到从分子水平上阐明高光效植物与低光效植物之间相互关系的研究报导。 本工作主要从编码D1蛋白的psbA基因着手研究。D1蛋白是光系统Ⅱ反应中心的组成之一,它是均三氮苯类(triazine)除草剂的结合受体。 实验采用无水法从杂交水稻威优64及其亲本V20A和测64的幼苗叶片中提联并纯化各自的ctDNA，然后用限制性内切酶BamHI、EcoRI、Hind III、PstⅠ分别进行切割消化。Southern吸印杂交结果表明，在水稻ctDNA2.2Kb的EcoRI限制片段上，编码着psbA基因的全序列。据此，我们用2.0-2.5 Kb范围的ctDNA的EcoR I酶切片段和pBR322质粒载体进行重组，并转化到E. coli HB101菌株中，构成水稻叶绿体DNA专一性基因文库。用分子杂交方法分别从三种水稻品种的专一性基因文库中调到了各自的psbA基因，它们的重组体质粒分别定名为pWsbA, pVsbA和ZsbA并构建了这三个基因的核酸内切酶图谱。结果发现，在本实验体检测的若干种核酸内切酶切割位点分布上，这三个基因并无差异，但同已发表的双子叶植物（豆，烟草等）比较，则有明显的不同。

Silica-based 64-channel arrayed waveguide gratings with double functions

Silica-based 64-channel arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) with double functions and 0.4 nm (50 GHz) channel spacing have been designed and fabricated. On the same component, Gauss and flat-top output response spectra are obtained simultaneously. The test results show that when the insertion loss ranges from 3.5 dB to 6 dB,the crosstalk is better than -34 dB, the 1 dB bandwidth is 0.12 nm, the 3 dB bandwidth is 0,218 nm, and the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) is less than 0.5 dB for Gauss response. When the insertion loss ranges,from 5.8 dB to 7.8 dB, the crosstalk is better than -30 dB, the 1 dB bandwidth is 0.24 nm, the 3 dB bandwidth is 0.33 nm, and the PDL is less than 0.2 dB for flat-top response.

基于STM-64的甚短距离并行光传输系统

研究了STM-64数据帧的转换映射技术,利用垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)列阵光源和PIN列阵探测器成功研制出10 Gb/s的甚短距离12信道SDH并行光传输系统,该系统结构紧凑,具有检错和纠错功能。跟传统的10 Gb/s串行光传输系统相比,本系统降低了对单路器件传输性能的要求。经SDH传输测试仪测试,系统能实现无误传输。

64通道100ps时间-数字变换模块的研制

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环外靶实验终端的多丝漂移室通过测量带电粒子的漂移时间得到径迹信息。本文介绍的64通道高精度时间-数字变换模块,采用高密度的连接器和多通道的时间-数字变换芯片HPTDC,模块的数据通过PXI总线传输到计算机,时间精度可达100ps。

平板型光电倍增管64路信号的简化处理

HAMAMATSU的H8500型64路多阳极平板型光电倍增管以其非常优越的位置分辨被广泛地应用于各种小型探测装置和大型阵列探测装置,多信号的有效、快速和最为经济的简化电子学线路读出成为多阳极光电倍增管非常重要的研究内容。基于DPC电桥简化处理多阳极光电倍增管信号,在未采用铅准直的情况下测量137Csγ源最好位置分辨(FWHM)达到了2mm左右。

Projectile fragmentation of Kr-86 at 64 MeV/nucleon

We measured fragmentation cross sections produced using the primary beam of Kr-86 at 64 MeV/nucleon on Be-9 and Ta-181 targets. The cross sections were obtained by integrating the momentum distributions of isotopes with 25 <= Z <= 36 measured using the RIPS fragment separator at RIKEN. The cross-section ratios obtained with the Ta-181 and Be-9 targets depend on the fragment masses, contrary to the simple geometrical models. We compared the extracted cross sections to EPAX; an empirical parametrization of fragmentation cross sections. Predictions from current EPAX parametrization severely overestimate the production cross sections of very neutron-rich isotopes. Attempts to obtain another set of EPAX parameters specific to the reaction studied here to extrapolate the neutron-rich nuclei more accurately have not been very successful, suggesting that accurate predictions of production cross sections of nuclei far from the valley of stability require information of nuclear properties that are not present in EPAX.

64通道一维位置灵敏电流分布探测器及其数据获取系统；A 64-Channel Position Sensitive Current Distribution Detector with Data Acquisition System

针对高流强粒子束与绝缘毛细管相互作用的特点,设计制作了一套64通道一维位置灵敏电流分布探测器及其配套的数据获取系统,该探测器可分辨最小直径为1mm的束斑,通过数据获取系统可实现可视化自动数据采集。用2nA和200—2000eV电子对探测器进行了定标,并用10μA和2000eV的电子束穿越锥形毛细管后的出射电子,对探测器及数据获取系统进行测试,获得了出射粒子的位置分布谱及能量信息。

（一）兰州重离子加速器束流能量、能散测量（二）中能~(12)C + ~(64)Ni, ~(58)Ni碎裂反应的实验研究

本论文通过讨论选择了简单易行的弹性散射法来测量兰州重离子加速器流能量、能散，描述了整个实验的准备、进行及数据处理，并讨论、修正了所得的实验结果，得到了~(12)C束流能散为(2.74 ± 0.14) * 10~(-2)，能量经刻度为每核子46.4MeV/u。本工作还拟采用飞行时间法来测量束流能量的绝对值，以检验弹性散射法测得的能量值，而且已设计制作了用作起始探测器的微道板（MCP）零时探测器，上器进行了必要的高调试，用MCP零时探测器作为起始探测器，Si半导体探测器作为终止探测器，对于10MeV/uα粒子，得到了好于560ps的总时间分辩，完全可用于中能重离子实验探测

UNUSUAL VOLTAMMETRIC BEHAVIOR OF AN ELECTROCHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED CONDUCTING PLATINUM CLUSTER COMPOUND K-1.64[PT(C2O4)(2)]

The compound K-1.64[Pt(C2O4)(2)] was electrochemically synthesized on a glassy carbon electrode using both single-potential step and cyclic voltammetry techniques; voltammetric behaviour of the working electrode was changed dramatically with deposition of