Lycopodiella inundata (L.) J. Holub en el norte de la provincia de Burgos

Se cita por primera vez, con testimonio de herbario, la presencia de Lycopodiella inundata (L.) J. Holub en la zona oriental de la Cordillera Cantábrica, en el norte de la provincia de Burgos. Se aportan datos sobre su corología, autoecología y comportamiento fitosociológico.

Beiträge zur ornithologie Südafrikas. Mit besonderer berücksichtigung der von dr. Holub auf seinen südafrikanischen reisen gesammelten und im Pavillon des amateurs zu Wien ausgestellten arten.

Mode of access: Internet.

Applying Habermas's critical theory to public administration and policy: A case study of Florida Everglades restoration program

The foundation of Habermas's argument, a leading critical theorist, lies in the unequal distribution of wealth across society. He states that in an advanced capitalist society, the possibility of a crisis has shifted from the economic and political spheres to the legitimation system. Legitimation crises increase the more government intervenes into the economy (market) and the "simultaneous political enfranchisement of almost the entire adult population" (Holub, 1991, p. 88). The reason for this increase is because policymakers in advanced capitalist democracies are caught between conflicting imperatives: they are expected to serve the interests of their nation as a whole, but they must prop up an economic system that benefits the wealthy at the expense of most workers and the environment. Habermas argues that the driving force in history is an expectation, built into the nature of language, that norms, laws, and institutions will serve the interests of the entire population and not just those of a special group. In his view, policy makers in capitalist societies are having to fend off this expectation by simultaneously correcting some of the inequities of the market, denying that they have control over people's economic circumstances, and defending the market as an equitable allocator of income. (deHaven-Smith, 1988, p. 14). Critical theory suggests that this contradiction will be reflected in Everglades policy by communicative narratives that suppress and conceal tensions between environmental and economic priorities. Habermas’ Legitimation Crisis states that political actors use various symbols, ideologies, narratives, and language to engage the public and avoid a legitimation crisis. These influences not only manipulate the general population into desiring what has been manufactured for them, but also leave them feeling unfulfilled and alienated. Also known as false reconciliation, the public's view of society as rational, and "conductive to human freedom and happiness" is altered to become deeply irrational and an obstacle to the desired freedom and happiness (Finlayson, 2005, p. 5). These obstacles and irrationalities give rise to potential crises in the society. Government's increasing involvement in Everglades under advanced capitalism leads to Habermas's four crises: economic/environmental, rationality, legitimation, and motivation. These crises are occurring simultaneously, work in conjunction with each other, and arise when a principle of organization is challenged by increased production needs (deHaven-Smith, 1988). Habermas states that governments use narratives in an attempt to rationalize, legitimize, obscure, and conceal its actions under advanced capitalism. Although there have been many narratives told throughout the history of the Everglades (such as the Everglades was a wilderness that was valued as a wasteland in its natural state), the most recent narrative, “Everglades Restoration”, is the focus of this paper.(PDF contains 4 pages)

高效液相色谱分析青藏高原长梗喉毛花植物中的Shan酮

1 引言龙胆科（Gentianacese）植物长梗喉毛花（Comastoma Pedunlulatum[Rogle ex D. Dou] Holub）分布在西藏、青海、甘肃和四川北部，生长在海拔3000 -4800 m的河滩和高山草甸等环境中。《晶珠本草》记载：植物长梗喉毛花比之加滴色淡而软，叶微黄。藏名“桑斗”，藏医常用药。全草入药，性味苦寒，有利湿祛痰、清热解毒、脚肝利胆等功效。

黑边假龙胆的胚胎学研究

系统报道黑边假龙胆（Gentianella azurea (Bunge) Holub）的胚胎发育过程，用以讨论假龙胆属长期存在争议的分类和系统发育问题。黑边假龙胆花药４室；药壁发育属双子叶型；绒毡层单型起源，细胞单核，属腺质绒毡层；花药壁表皮层宿存，药室内壁减缩。小抱子母细胞减数分裂为同时型，四分体的排列为四面体型；成熟花粉３－细胞型。子房为２心应，１室，减编的侧膜胎座，胚珠４列。薄珠心，单珠被，横生胚珠，大抱子母细胞减数分裂形成的４个大抱呈直列式排列，其中合点端的大抱子具功能。胚囊发育为蓼型。珠心冠原存在。极核在受精前融合为次生核，反足细胞宿存、分裂为８～１２个、每个细胞均多核和异常膨大，反足细胞形成的吸器明显。雄蕊先熟。异花传粉，珠孔受精。花粉管进入胚囊时不破坏助细胞，助细胞宿存；一个精核和次生核的融合几乎发生在另一个精核和卵细胞核融合的同时。受精作用属于有丝分裂前配子体融合类型。胚乳为核型，胚乳核分裂同步，每核含２～３个核仁。胚胎发育为茄型酸浆Ⅰ变型。成熟种子中胚只发育至球形胚阶段。反足细胞在合子分裂之后才开始退化；在胚的发育过程中反足细胞在胚乳层之外形成一层染色深类似“外胚乳”的结构。和龙胆属比较，假龙胆属具有如下不同的特征：绒毡层单型起源，典型的腺质绒毡层，无“类胎座”和“横格”，单层；减缩侧墨胎座，胚珠4列，横生胚珠；珠心冠原存在；反足细胞异常膨大，形成内多倍体和多核，并在胚乳核之外形成一层类似“外胚乳”的结构；花粉管进入胚囊时不破坏助细胞；胚胎发育为茄型酸浆Ⅰ变型等。胚胎学研究结果表明假龙胆与龙胆属的亲缘关系较远，分类等级上作为一独立的属较合适，在系统位置上它与龙胆属可能不在同一条进化线上。

The scale of population structure in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The population structure of an organism reflects its evolutionary history and influences its evolutionary trajectory. It constrains the combination of genetic diversity and reveals patterns of past gene flow. Understanding it is a prerequisite for detecting genomic regions under selection, predicting the effect of population disturbances, or modeling gene flow. This paper examines the detailed global population structure of Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a set of 5,707 plants collected from around the globe and genotyped at 149 SNPs, we show that while A. thaliana as a species self-fertilizes 97% of the time, there is considerable variation among local groups. This level of outcrossing greatly limits observed heterozygosity but is sufficient to generate considerable local haplotypic diversity. We also find that in its native Eurasian range A. thaliana exhibits continuous isolation by distance at every geographic scale without natural breaks corresponding to classical notions of populations. By contrast, in North America, where it exists as an exotic species, A. thaliana exhibits little or no population structure at a continental scale but local isolation by distance that extends hundreds of km. This suggests a pattern for the development of isolation by distance that can establish itself shortly after an organism fills a new habitat range. It also raises questions about the general applicability of many standard population genetics models. Any model based on discrete clusters of interchangeable individuals will be an uneasy fit to organisms like A. thaliana which exhibit continuous isolation by distance on many scales.

Floristic notes of Sierra del Rincón Biosphere Reserve (Spain, Madrid province)

New records of vascular plants from Sierra del Rincón Biosphere Reserve and surroundings (Spain, Madrid province) are provided. It is noteworthy the presence of atlantic flora in this continental area and the different shrubby communities in different sectors with different litology: in areas with gneiss they are dominated by leguminous genisteae; where it is schistous, shale or quartzite they are heathlands.

A dense GNSS meteorological network for observing deep convection in the Amazon

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)