889 resultados para Historical dialectical materialism


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This study investigated how the process of the constitution of the subject is interpreted in the formulations of the founders of socio-historical psychology (Lev S. Vigotski, Alexei N. Leontiev and Alexander R. Luria) and in the sociology of knowledge of Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann. These two theoretical perspectives, despite having different philosophical formulations as ontological and epistemological intentions (socio-historical psychology, historical dialectical materialism; the sociology of Berger and Luckmann and phenomenology) arrive, however, at the same basic conclusion about the social nature of the subject. The objective of the study, therefore, was that of identifying the differences and convergences between the two perspectives and then, try to determine the possibility of a theoretical synthesis between them in relation to the constitution of the subject. At the same time, we intended to analyse the implications of this possible synthesis in order to comprehend the manner in which the ideology functions in human societies as thought by Louis Althusser and Alípio de Sousa Filho. We arrived at the conclusion that, despite being incompatible from the ontological and epistemological points of view, a synthesis is possible between socio-historical psychology and the sociology of knowledge of Berger and Luckmann in relation to the conception of society and the comprehension of the process of the constitution of the subject. Starting from the philosophical intentions of socio-historical psychology, it is possible to incorporate, enriching points such as: Berger s and Luckmann sconception of society and the interpretation of the process of constitution of the subject. This possible synthesis, when interpreted in light of the reflections of Althusser and Sousa Filho on the phenomenon of ideology in human societies, is constituted in a real unveiling of the concrete provisos by which the ideology acts in human societies in order to transform biological examples of the human species in specific social subjects

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This thesis is consisted of a theoretical and empirical study about the treatment given by media, particularly on telejournalism, to violence against women. It aims to analyze and reflect about the role of media, particularly television, on the process of reproduction of patriarchy system of gender on the context of Brazilian society, from content and narrative news about crimes committed against Andreia Rodrigues and Eliza Samudio. In light of the critical perspective, we seek to apprehend the particularities of patriarchy as a system of domination and subjugation of women, and also reveal the involvement of traditional means of media on reproduction and maintenance of inequality between men and women. To apprehend that reality, we had as guidance a critical social theory, grounded in historical-dialectical materialism which enabled us to apprehend the phenomenon under investigation actually enrolled in a dynamic and contradictory reality. The research had qualitative approach. We appeal to the specialized literature of the area from classical and contemporary authors. We conducted a content analysis of categorized matters, and interviews with individuals involved in issues of gender and / or communication. The critical examination of the matters indicated that television journalism is permeated by the contradictions inherent in social life, means that states and restates the ideology of ruling classes, their values and worldviews, but also express conflicts and social demands. The study revealed that prevails on television playing stereotypes and gender inequalities. We could also see that violence against women gets a sensationalist overblown approach and with no insights on the social relations that determine and base it.

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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

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Esta dissertação intitulada “Projovem Urbano como política pública de educação: escolarização e inserção profissional dos egressos no município de Imperatriz/MA” teve como objetivo analisar as repercussões do Projovem Urbano na escolarização e na profissionalização dos jovens e como o programa os possibilitou o prosseguimento dos estudos, bem como a inserção no mercado de trabalho, incidindo na melhoraria das condições materiais, sociais, espirituais e culturais dos estudantes. A investigação pautou-se na perspectiva metodológica da pesquisa qualitativa e nas referências que adotam o materialismo histórico-dialético como método de análise dos dados. A coleta de dados foi precedida de revisão bibliográfica, seguida da pesquisa de campo com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dezessete (17) jovens egressos do Projovem Urbano. Constatamos, inicialmente, que semelhante a outros municípios e estados do Brasil, o nível de evasão e repetência no Projovem Urbano em Imperatriz alcança patamares acima de 50%. No que diz respeito à continuidade dos estudos a maioria não deu continuidade, e o número de jovens que conseguiu atuar na área para a qual foram qualificados representou menos de um terço dos entrevistados. Os resultados revelam que as metas de prosseguimento dos estudos e da inclusão dos jovens no mercado de trabalho não foram alcançadas. Dentre os problemas apontados, estão o curto espaço de tempo para uma formação mais sólida, a desestruturação dos núcleos com a rotatividade de professores, insuficiência de aulas práticas no tocante à qualificação profissional e o despreparo dos qualificadores. Todavia, mesmo diante desses problemas, os jovens ressaltam a importância do programa para suas vidas no sentido da valorização pessoal, no que diz respeito ao sentimento de inclusão e pertencimento à sociedade, a superação da timidez, a sociabilidade, a elevação da autoestima, o relacionamento com a família, a independência, a mudança de visão em relação à realidade e o mundo. Pela dimensão do Programa concluímos que suas repercussões são muito pequenas e seu caráter emergencial garante mais a certificação do que uma formação e qualificação social de milhões de jovens e adultos.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

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This article presents the theoretical and methodological unity between the historical-critical pedagogy and cultural-historical psychology. It highlights, in addition to the membership of both theories to historical-dialectical materialism, the basic premises that point toward the affirmation of school education as a condition of humanization of individuals, as well as the transmission of historically systematized knowledge as one of the requirements for the achieving this purpose. In this direction, we aim to demonstrate that the historical-critical pedagogy contains, in its innerness, a solid psychological foundation, consistently built by a cultural-historical conception of man, society and educative nature that guides the relationship between them through the human vital activity, that is, through the work. It is in the core of those fundamentals that the alliance between this pedagogical theory and cultural-historical psychology is evident.

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This study aimed to understand environmental education in the training of teachers of one pedagogy course at a public university in the state of São Paulo. To answer this question, an exploratory research was conducted, in which a study field, by the techniques of semistructured interviews and documentary analysis, provided the data for analysis. Important to highlight theoretical and methodological foundations of Historical-Dialectical Materialism and Historical-Critical Pedagogy that guided the study. With the results analyzed, we say that environmental education in the studied pedagogy course is minimal and, when it appears, enhances conservation and care with the environment perspectives, without considering the causes of environmental degradation: the way to produce life in capitalist society. In this sense, it is necessary for a consistent formation of the teacher in environmental education to advance the knowledge of this field directly related to education. For the inclusion of environmental education in school education, it is necessary that their knowledge to be considered in education, especially in the training of teachers. Therefore, the data collected and analyzed in this study may contribute to the formation of teachers to understand that environmental education in their training has not been established with the importance and the quality that the social and environmental problems require, with no place along the undergraduation, a condition that needs to be changed to teacher develop a transformative environmental educational practice at school

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)