1000 resultados para Hiperglicemia - Diagnóstico
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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FUNDAMENTO: Na síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA), a hiperglicemia, à admissão hospitalar, está associada à presença de eventos adversos cardiovasculares em pacientes com ou sem diabetes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor prognóstico da hiperglicemia de estresse na evolução intra-hospitalar de pacientes admitidos por SCA. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 152 pacientes admitidos, entre setembro de 2005 e fevereiro de 2010, em unidade de dor torácica de hospital terciário com diagnóstico de SCA, que apresentavam valor da glicemia laboratorial na admissão. O grupo I foi formado pelos pacientes com hiperglicemia de estresse, definida por glicemia na admissão > 126 mg/dL em não diabéticos e > 200 mg/dL nos diabéticos, e o grupo II pelos pacientes com níveis glicêmicos inferiores aos níveis estabelecidos. Analisou-se a associação da hiperglicemia e evolução intra-hospitalar. RESULTADOS: A hiperglicemia de estresse associou-se a complicações intra-hospitalares, aumento da idade e gênero feminino. Na análise multivariada, apenas gênero feminino (OR = 2,04; IC95% 1,03 - 4,06, p = 0,007) e complicações intra-hospitalares (OR = 3,65; IC95% 1,62 - 8,19, p = 0,002) se associaram de forma independente à hiperglicemia na admissão. CONCLUSÃO: A hiperglicemia de estresse é fator preditivo independente para complicações intra-hospitalares após SCA em pacientes diabéticos ou não. Os resultados alertam para a necessidade de avaliarmos a glicemia na admissão em todos os pacientes admitidos por SCA, incluindo os não diabéticos, com o intuito de identificarmos os indivíduos com maior risco de complicações.
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Este trabalho constitui uma síntese e revisão dos principais resultados das pesquisas, com o objetivo de validar o grupo IB de Rudge. As gestantes deste grupo têm rastreamento positivo e diagnóstico negativo para o diabete gestacional, ou seja, apresentam resposta normal ao teste oral de tolerância à glicose (TTG100g). Apesar disso, as alterações nas glicemias ao longo do dia, confirmadas no perfil glicêmico (PG) caracterizam a hiperglicemia diária, fator responsável por risco materno e desfecho perinatal adverso. Estas gestantes são erroneamente incluídas na categoria de "pré-natal de baixo risco" e não estão sendo diagnosticadas e tratadas. Correspondem a 13,8% da população de gestantes rastreadas que, somados aos 7,0% das gestações complicadas por diabete, aumentam a ocorrência de distúrbios hiperglicêmicos na gestação para cerca de 20,0%. Tem índice de mortalidade perinatal de 41, semelhante ao de gestantes diabéticas e 10 vezes maior que o de não diabéticas; suas placentas apresentam alterações morfológicas e funcionais diferenciadas dos grupos de gestantes não diabéticas e diabéticas, indicativas de ajuste para manutenção da atividade funcional, facilitando a passagem de glicose para o feto e explicando a macrossomia fetal (53,8% das gestantes não tratadas). O risco materno para hipertensão, obesidade e hiperglicemia é elevado e parece reproduzir modelo da síndrome metabólica, favorecendo risco potencial para diabete no futuro; 10 anos após a gravidez-índice, o diabete clínico tipo 2 foi confirmado em 16,7% das mulheres do grupo IB. Os autores propõem o desenvolvimento de projetos multicêntricos, para identificar biomarcadores, de múltiplos enfoques, específicos das gestantes do grupo IB de Rudge e estabelecer protocolos para o diagnóstico dos distúrbios hiperglicêmicos da gestação, padronizando a associação TTG100g + PG, conduta que poderá causar impacto na morbimortalidade perinatal das gestações complicadas por hiperglicemia diária.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The authors present considerations about death and brain death concepts, as well the legal aspects for its diagnosis in Brazil. They also present the UNICAMP Protocol for the Diagnosis of Brain Death, revised and according with the current law, with standard techniques for the diagnostic exam. They emphasize the importance of a mature ethical position for this frequent and challenging situation.
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. The aim of this research was to contribute more precisely to the diagnosis of ADHD, to propose a battery of neuropsychological assessment and to analyze the contribution of each test. We studied 10 matched pairs of children with ADHD and normal controls (7 to 11 years). Inclusion criteria were: presence of ADHD typical behavior, positive diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-IV, normal IQ, normal neurological examination and parental consent. We used extensive neuropsychological battery. The results showed differential sensitivity for detection of attentional problems in children with ADHD, although most tests did not reach statistical significance. The item, errors, of WCST revealed statistically significant difference between the two groups: ADHD performance was inferior to controls . In conclusion the neuropsychological assessment battery used in this research contributed to the diagnosis of ADHD.
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The goals of this study are to identify the potencialities avaiable in elementary public schools for the development of an educational process wich includes environmental issues helpping to find its integration with university in order to contribuite raises teaching levels for a better comprehension of regional environmental problems. Research data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with geography teachers analyising theirs activities and perspectives on the environmental crisis and environmental education. The study also offers sugestions for the devellopment of interdisciplinaires programs trying to contibute for the construction of citizenship showing the importance of better comprehension from environmental problems which includes physical, economics, social, political and cultural aspects.
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This paper presents two techniques to evaluate soil mechanical resistance to penetration as an auxiliary method to help in a decision-making in subsoiling operations. The decision is based on the volume of soil mobilized as a function of the considered critical soil resistance to penetration in each case. The first method, probabilistic, uses statistical techniques to define the volume of soil to be mobilized. The other method, deterministic, determines the percentage of soil to be mobilized and its spatial distribution. Both cases plot the percentage curves of experimental data related to the soil mechanical resistance to penetration equal or larger to the established critical level and the volume of soil to be mobilized as a function of critical level. The deterministic method plots showed the spatial distribution of the data with resistance to penetration equal or large than the critical level. The comparison between mobilized soil curves as a function of critical level using both methods showed that they can be considered equivalent. The deterministic method has the advantage of showing the spatial distribution of the critical points.
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The study describes the comprehension of concepts about sexuality by youths diagnosed with intellectual deficiency, during classes on sexual education. The analysis of selected episodes from video transcriptions of five classes (Human Body, Kiss, Flirting, Coitus, Condom/STD) showed: the appropriation and understanding of concepts, partial difficulties of comprehension, and inhibition. The analysis of the transcripts indicated that all students were attentive to the classes, participated in the proposed tasks, and answered the questions. The observed signs of inhibition and the expression of values were similar to those observed in other youngsters, indicating the appropriation of culturally established values. The obtained evidences contrast with mythical visions related to sexuality in these youngsters, and suggest more studies about their competences.
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The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and reliability of laser fluorescence measurements in relation to occlusal caries diagnosis. DIAGNOdent 2095 (Kavo, Biberach, Germany), which has been developed especially for caries diagnosis, was utilized. Five (5) teeth were examined in the pilot test; after that, ten (10) teeth were examined in order to calibrate both examiners. Data were obtained from 66 teeth (36 molars and 30 premolars), totalizing 144 sites identified through photographs of the occlusal surfaces. Reproducibility was evaluated in 10 teeth. The interexaminer Spearman correlation (r) was 0.89 and the intra-examiner, 0.93 and 0.97 (examiner A and B, respectively). Validation was carried out by histological examination (stereomicroscope). For the two examiners the sensitivity of the device was relatively high, varying from 0.81 to 1.00, while specificity varied according to which validation criterion was used (0.77 - 0.86: enamel lesion / 0.52 - 0.59: dentin lesion). It was concluded that DIAGNodent presented good capacity of identifying any alteration of the dental surface, nevertheless it presents the disadvantage of accomplishing many false-positive diagnosis when the validation criterion is dentin lesion.