Herpes genital

Material utilizado no Curso Autoinstrucional de Capacitação em Atenção Integral à Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva II, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA e voltado para os médicos que atuam na Atenção Básica. Este material aborda o herpes simples vírus causador da herpes genital, trazendo informações sobre suas características, os tipos do vírus, suas manifestações e primo-infecção.

Herpes Hipertrófico Perianal Tratado Eficazmente com Imiquimod

A infecção pelo vírus herpes simples tipo 2 (HSV-2) é frequente em pacientes infetados pelo vírus de imunodeficiência adquirida (VIH). Nestes casos, o herpes genital pode ter uma apresentação clínica atípica. As variantes hipertróficas e vegetantes são pouco habituais. Os autores relatam um caso de herpes hipertrófico perianal em paciente infetada pelo VIH, com resposta insatisfatória ao aciclovir e valaciclovir, tratado eficazmente com imiquimod tópico. O herpes genital hipertrófico é, frequentemente, refratário aos tratamentos antivirais. Na nossa experiência, o imiquimod é um tratamento eficaz, seguro e bem tolerado que deverá ser considerado na abordagem terapêutica destes pacientes.

Time Trends in First Episode Genital HSV infections in an Urban STD Clinic

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Atenção à saúde do genital masculino

O curso 'Atenção à Saúde do Genital Masculino' se destina a instruir o médico a cuidar dos doentes com afecções que atingem a genitália masculina. Com o objetivo de tratar, com fins paliativos ou curativos, bem como fazer o diagnóstico diferencial das enfermidades que podem atingir todos os órgãos e funções do aparelho genital masculino, o médico será instruído a como indicar e lançar mão da variada gama recursos diagnósticos disponíveis e de tratamentos clínicos e medicamentosos, assim como de abordagens cirúrgicas de porte ambulatorial, pequeno, médio, grande porte, baixa, média e alta complexidade. Para isso, o curso apresenta as doenças e condições patológicas genitais mais prevalentes na população brasileira, as diversas formas de diagnosticá-las e os meios de tratamento mais adequados e eficazes para preveni-las e/ou tratá-las. Desta forma, cumpre-se o objetivo de orientar o médico generalista sobre como melhor abordar e encaminhar os pacientes que atenderá, se apresentarem doenças genitais. Esta habilidade será auferida durante e ao final do curso, por meio das avaliações.

Conhecimentos e comportamentos sobre algumas infecções sexualmente transmissíveis dos alunos dos Ensinos Básicos e Secundário de uma escola da área Metropolitana de Lisboa

Os jovens são um grupo onde a prevalência e a incidência das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) é cada vez maior. Este facto parece dever-se a um grupo de factores determinantes, entre os quais se destaca o comportamento de utilização do preservativo, enquanto único método capaz de evitar a transmissão das IST. A resolução do problema passa pela implementação de programas de prevenção e controlo ajustados à população juvenil. No entanto, a investigação dos factores determinantes das IST que estão na base destes programas tem sido escassa em Portugal. O presente estudo do tipo observacional, analítico e transversal incidiu sobre a totalidade dos 1101 alunos de uma escola da periferia de Lisboa e teve como objectivos: descrever alguns conhecimentos e factores sociodemográficos, escolares e comportamentais determinantes das IST; averiguar se existem diferenças atribuíveis à idade e ao sexo nestes factores determinantes; averiguar se estes factores determinantes se encontram associados à utilização do preservativo. Na colheita dos dados foi utilizado um questionário de auto-preenchimento, desenvolvido para o efeito, e no tratamento dos mesmos recorreu-se à estatística descritiva e analítica. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo demonstram que a principal fonte de informação sobre sexualidade dos alunos são os amigos, mas estes preferiam que fossem os profissionais de saúde. Para além dos vírus da imunodeficiência humana e do herpes genital, a identificação de outras IST foi insuficiente. Os conhecimentos sobre a transmissão sexual das IST foram satisfatórios, mas não se repercutem na utilização do preservativo pelos alunos durante as relações não coitais. O sexo e a idade dos alunos encontram-se significativamente associados a fontes de informação sobre sexualidade e a algumas dimensões do conhecimento sobre as IST, do comportamento sexual e da procura de tratamento médico. Todavia, a maioria destes factores determinantes não está associada à utilização do preservativo pelos alunos.

HIV and STI surveillance in Northern Ireland 2010: An analysis of data for the calendar year 2009

This annual analysis of data provides an overview of HIV and STI epidemiology in Northern Ireland for the calendar year 2009. Information from a variety of sources is collated and analysed in detail, while any evident trends over time are highlightedwithgraphs and tables. As well as a general summary of STI diagnoses and a number of overall conclusions, the report looks specifically at each of the following STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, genital herpes, genital warts, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and HIV.

HIV and STI surveillance in Northern Ireland 2011: An analysis of data for the calendar year 2010

This annual analysis of data provides an overview of HIV and STI epidemiology in Northern Ireland for the calendar year 2010. Information from a variety of sources is collated and analysed in detail, while any evident trends over time are highlighted�with�graphs and tables. As well as a general summary of STI diagnoses and a number of overall conclusions, the report looks specifically at each of the following STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, genital herpes, genital warts, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and HIV.

HIV and STI surveillance in Northern Ireland 2010: An analysis of data for the calendar year 2009

This annual analysis of data provides an overview of HIV and STI epidemiology in Northern Ireland for the calendar year 2009. Information from a variety of sources is collated and analysed in detail, while any evident trends over time are highlighted�with�graphs and tables. As well as a general summary of STI diagnoses and a number of overall conclusions, the report looks specifically at each of the following STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, genital herpes, genital warts, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and HIV.

The international development of the RGHQoL: a quality of life measure for recurrent genital herpes.

This paper describes the international development and psychometric testing of the Recurrent Genital Herpes Quality of Life Questionnaire (RGHQoL), a condition-specific quality of life (QoL) instrument. The theoretical foundation for the measure is the needs-based model of QoL and the content of the instrument was derived from in-depth qualitative interviews with relevant patients in the UK. Versions of the RGHQoL were required for the UK, USA, Italy, Germany, France and Denmark for use in international clinical trials. The results indicate that the final 20 item measure has good reliability, internal consistency and validity for all language versions. A small responsiveness study in Denmark suggested that the measure is sensitive to changes in QoL associated with the initiation of suppression treatment for recurrent genital herpes (RGH). It is concluded that the RGHQoL is a valuable instrument for inclusion in clinical trials. The psychometric properties of the instrument are such that it may also be used to monitor the progress of individual patients.

Polymorphisms in TLR2 are associated with increased viral shedding and lesional rate in patients with genital herpes simplex virus Type 2 infection.

Clinical and virologic manifestations of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection vary widely. We examined frequencies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 3, 4, and 9 in a prospective cohort of 128 HSV-2-infected persons whose viral shedding and lesion frequency was measured by daily sampling from genital secretions. Two TLR2 haplotypes (2 and 4) were associated with increased lesional (P=.008 and P=.03) and shedding (P=.02 and P=.001) rates. An SNP in haplotype 2 (-15607A/G) was also associated with shedding (P=.01) and lesional (P=.008) rates. Polymorphisms in TLR2 may be in part responsible for differences in the severity of HSV-2 infection.

Prevalência da infecção genital pelo vírus herpes simples tipo 1 e 2 em mulheres grávidas e não grávidas de Natal/RN

Herpes simplex is a virus that can be transmitted sexually and is potentially associated with vertical transmission. This study evaluated the prevalence of genital infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 in pregnant and nonpregnant care in the city of Natal / RN, including a total of 222 women, 92 pregnant and 130 nonpregnant. The participants answered a questionnaire to obtain data and socio-demographic characteristics, as well as potential risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases. After the interview, we collected two cervical specimens, one for the Pap test and the other for DNA extraction and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect both virus serotypes. Then the women underwent a clinical examination by colposcopy. For statistical analysis, we used the chi-square and logistic regression by SSPS 17.0 Statistic. Most women were up to 30 years of age, nonwhite ethnicity, married, elementary education, family income below the poverty level; initiated sexual activity with age up to 18 years; had more than one sexual partner lifelong and was not pregnant, but has had at least one child. The HSV-1 showed a prevalence of 26.1% among pregnant women and 30.0% in non-pregnant women. While HSV-2 prevalence was found with 10.9% and 19.2% in pregnant and nonpregnant women, respectively. The largest proportion of morphological changes of the uterine cervix was detected among nonpregnant women, both in cytology and in colposcopy. The women were nonwhite ethnicity, married, became pregnant aged less than or equal to 18 years and who had one to two pregnancies had a lower risk of acquiring genital HSV infection. There was a high prevalence of genital HSV infection, HSV-1 is more prevalent than HSV-2. No association was found between morphological changes of the uterine cervix and the presence of the virus in pregnant and nonpregnant women, nor between genital HSV infection and the classic risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases

Severe genital herpes infections in HIV-infected individuals with impaired herpes simplex virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses

The specific mechanisms underlying the varied susceptibility of HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals to opportunistic infections (OI) are still incompletely understood. One hypothesis is that quantitative differences in specific T cell responses to a colonizing organism determine the development of an AIDS-defining OI. We evaluated this hypothesis for herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, a common OI in HIV+ patients. Using limiting dilution analyses, the frequency of HSV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (pCTL) and proliferative precursors were quantitated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 20 patients coinfected with HIV and HSV-2. The frequency of HSV-specific CD8+ pCTL in HSV+HIV+ individuals was significantly lower than in HSV+HIV− individuals (1 in 77,000 vs. 1 in 6,000, P = .0005) and was not different than in HSV-HIV− individuals (1 in 100,000, P = .24). HIV+ patients who suffered more severe genital herpes recurrences had significantly lower HSV-specific CD8+ pCTL frequencies than those patients with mild recurrences (1 in 170,000 vs. 1 in 26,000, P = .03). In contrast, no significant difference was seen in proliferative precursor frequencies between those patients with mild vs. severe genital herpes (1 in 3,800 vs. 1 in 6,600, P > .5). Quantitative differences in pCTL frequency to HSV appear to be the most important host factor influencing the frequency and severity of HSV reactivation in HIV+ patients. Studies to reconstitute such immunity, especially in people with acyclovir-resistant HSV, appear warranted.