Du harem à la scène artistique : être femme et peintre du déclin de l'Empire ottoman à la République

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Harem size and oviposition behaviour in a polygynous bark beetle

1. Harem polygyny can have fitness benefits and costs on females. In bark beetles of the genus Ips the latter may include within-harem competition between larvae. However, earlier competition between females for male care and mating opportunities may also influence oviposition behaviour. There has been relatively little investigation into the relationship between harem size and initial egg output. The present study investigated this relationship in the bark beetle Ips grandicollis.
2. The measure of egg output used was the number of eggs in the gallery with the most eggs in each harem. Mean ( ± SE) harem size of 242 observed harems was 3.25 ± 0.10. A curvilinear relationship was found between egg output and harem size, with females in smaller harems (one to four females) laying more eggs with increased harem size. However, females in larger harems (five to seven females) laid fewer eggs as harem size increased. The optimal harem size (in terms of number of eggs laid) was close to four females.
3. We found no evidence from a behavioural assay that females could preferentially choose unmated males over mated males with harems of two females. Additionally, the distribution of harem sizes suggests that females distribute themselves among males randomly.
4. The results suggest that harem size has effects on female reproduction that extend beyond larval competition and influence patterns of oviposition. The mechanism that determines why egg laying is greatest at intermediate levels is unknown. There is no evidence that smaller harems belong to lower quality males, but females may adjust egglaying behaviour in large harems as a result of reduced male attendance or anticipated larval competition.

Male dimorphism of a neotropical arachnid: harem size, sneaker opportunities, and gonadal investment

Serracutisoma proximum is a harvestman with alternative male morphs. Large males use sexually dimorphic second legs in fights for the possession of territories on the vegetation, where females oviposit. Small males have short second legs and do not fight but rather sneak into the territories and copulate with egg-guarding females. We investigated the presence of male dimorphism across 10 populations of S. proximum, compared gonadal investment between male morphs, and assessed if the distribution of the sneakers is influenced by harem size. In all populations, there was male dimorphism, indicated by the bimodal distribution of the leg II length/body length. Gonadal investment did not differ between morphs and was not affected by male size, second leg length, and morph relative frequency in the populations. We found 361 territories, 90.0% containing 1 male, 9.7% containing 2 males (dyads), and 0.3% containing 3 males. The probability of encountering dyads increased with the number of females present in the territories. Moreover, the proportion of sneakers in territories containing dyads was higher than would be expected by chance. One possible reason for the ubiquity of alternative morphs in S. proximum could be the high mating opportunities experienced by sneakers in spatially structured populations with a resource defense polygyny system. Additionally, the high frequency of successful invasions by sneakers and hence the high sperm competition risk for both morphs may explain the similarity in gonadal investment between male morphs.

Harem : büyük hikâye /

Özege, M.S. eski harflerle,

The loves of the harem; a tale of Constantinople.

Printed in double columns.

Notice sur la cour du grand-seigneur, son sérail, son harem, la famille du sang impérial, sa maison militaire, etc. : suivie d'un essai historique sur la religion mahométane, son culte et ses ministres /

Mode of access: Internet.

Zoraida: a romance of the harem and the Great Sahara,

Mode of access: Internet.

"Suffragettes of the Harem": The Evolution of Sympathy and the Afterlives of Sentimentality in American Feminist Orientalism, 1865-1920

This project examines narrative encounters in space identified as “harem,” produced by authors with biographical ties to the vanguard of the American Suffrage Movement. I regard these feminists’ circulations East, to the domestic space of the Other, as a hitherto unstudied, yet critical component of transnationalism in the history of U.S. Suffrage. This literary record also crucially reveals the extent to which sentimentality was plotted as a potential force for the reform of other cultures. An urge to sympathize denied in the space of the harem illustrates the colonial anxieties that subtended sentimentality’s prospective deployment beyond national borders. In five chapters on the work of Anna Leonowens, Susan Elston Wallace, Demetra Vaka Brown, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and Edith Wharton, I examine how Suffrage-minded authors writing the harem strategically abandon an activist praxis of fellow feeling. Such a reluctance to transform sentimental literature into a colonial literature consequently informs that genre’s postbellum decline. The sentiments that run dry for American feminists in the harem additionally foreground the costly failures of Wilsonian Idealism, a doctrine that appropriated a discourse of sentimentality in order to script the United States’ expanded involvement in global affairs.

御製（alias 欽定）古今圖書集成Yu zhi (alias Qin ding) gu jin tu shu ji cheng.

Contient : tables, livres 1 à 40 ; Ciel ; astronomie, livres 1 à 100 ; saisons, livres 1 à 116 ; calendrier, livres 1 à 140 ; régulateurs du temps, livres 1 à 188 ; Terre ; terre, livres 1 à 140 ; Empire, livres 1 à 1544 ; fleuves et montagnes, livres 1 à 320 ; pays barbares, livres 1 à 140 ; Société ; dignité suprême, livres 1 à 300 ; palais, livres 1 à 140 ; fonctions, livres 1 à 800 (manquent les livres 643, 644) ; règles familiales, livres 1 à 116 ; devoirs sociaux, livres 1 à 120 (manquent les livres 47, 48) ; gentes et familles, livres 1 à 640 ; vie sociale, livres 1 à 112 ; harem, livres 1 à 376 ; Objets divers ; métiers et arts, livres 1 à 824 ; esprits et prodiges, livres 1 à 320 (manquent les livres 221 à 240) ; animaux, livres 1 à 192 ; végétaux, livres 1 à 320 ; Connaissances humaines ; livres canoniques, livres 1 à 500 ; éducation, livres 1 à 300 ; littérature, livres 1 à 260 ; calligraphie, livres 1 à 160 ; Gouvernement ; choix des fonctionnaires, livres 1 à 136 ; nominations, livres 1 à 120 ; denrées et marchandises, livres 1 à 360 ; rites, livres 1 à 348 ; musique, livres 1 à 136 ; armée, livres 1 à 300 ; châtiments, livres 1 à 180 ; travaux, livres 1 à 252