Pervivencia o “supervivencia” de la tradición en el Guadarrama segoviano. Procesos y prácticas

El aprovechamiento ganadero es el factor dominante de la organización del espacio en el Guadarrama segoviano. Si bien, desde el decenio de 1950, la actividad pecuaria empieza a entrar en un declive prolongado, reduciéndose el número de explotaciones y la cuantía de cabezas de ganado. Un abandono de las prácticas pastoriles que se evidencia, igualmente, en la inexorable tendencia hacia la simplificación en el manejo de los animales y la utilización selectiva del suelo. Sucede, de este modo, la crisis del sistema tradicional y del modelo territorial en el que este se apoyaba, progresivamente sustituido por una organización geográfica de corte tradicional-degradado. Es, en definitiva, lo que se ha convenido en titular como la “supervivencia” de la tradición. Y cuyo correlato se encuentra en el prolongado proceso de despoblación acontecido desde entonces, como las sensibles mermas de población registradas, las perceptibles modificaciones habidas en el tamaño y número de asentamientos o el excesivo grado de envejecimiento terminan por demostrar. Una “supervivencia” completamente supeditada, de este modo, al agotamiento social.

The Gandarela Mountain Range and the “resistance space” against iron ore mining threat: a focus on the contrapositions

Full Text / Article complet

Movements, activity patterns and home range of a female brown bear (Ursus arctos, L.) in the Rodopi Mountain Range, Greece

Movements and activity patterns of an adult radio-tagged female brown bear accompanied by her cubs were documented for the first time in Rodopi area (NE Greece) from August 2000 to July 2002. Average daily movements were 2.45 +/- 2.26 SD km, (range 0.15-8.5 km). The longest daily range could be related to human disturbance (hunting activity). The longest seasonal distance (211 km), during Summer 2001 coincided with the dissolution of the family. With cubs, the female was more active during daytime (73 % of all radio-readings) than when solitary (28 %). The female switched to a more crepuscular behaviour, after separation from the yearling (July 2001). According to pooled data from 924 activity - recording sessions, during the whole monitoring period, the female was almost twice as active during day time while rearing cubs (51 % active) than when solitary (23 %). The autumn and early winter home range size of the family was larger (280 km(2)) than after the separation from the cubs (59 km(2)). During the family group phase, home range size varied from 258 km(2) in autumn to 40 km(2) in winter (average denning period lasted 107 days : December 2000-March 2001). The bear hibernated in the Bulgarian part of the Rodopi Range during winters of 2001 and 2002.

HAZARD AREAS ASSOCIATED WITH MAJOR VOLCANOES IN THE CASCADE MOUNTAIN RANGE

http://digitalcommons.colby.edu/atlasofmaine2005/1014/thumbnail.jpg

Hazard Areas Associated with Major Volcanoes in the Cascade Mountain Range

The Cascade Mountain Range in Washington State is the site of several active volcanoes that have the potential to erupt which would deeply affect the lives of those who live near them. This study explores the hazard areas associated with the five largest volcanoes in the region: Mt. Baker, Glacier Peak, Mt. Rainier, Mt. Adams and Mt. St. Helens. It was determined which geographic regions would be affected by tephra, pyroclastic blasts and lahar flows and the associated populations that live in each of these areas. The level of emergency preparedness necessary for a volcanic eruption could be better determined based on the findings of this study.

Persea pumila (Lauraceae), a New Species from the Brazilian Serra da Mantiqueira Mountain Range

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Geology of a Portion of the Bull Mountain Range Jefferson County, Montana

Work was first done on a known section, the south Boulder Section, in order to familiarize the student with the formations. Most of the area was mapped by plane table and telescopic alidade, general features being surveyed by automobile traverse and a pacing traverse.

The onset of Neoglaciation 6000 years ago in western Mongolia revealed by an ice core from the Tsambagarav mountain range

Glacier highstands since the Last Glacial Maximum are well documented for many regions, but little is known about glacier fluctuations and lowstands during the Holocene. This is because the traces of minimum extents are difficult to identify and at many places are still ice covered, limiting the access to sample material. Here we report a new approach to assess minimal glacier extent, using a 72-m long surface-to-bedrock ice core drilled on Khukh Nuru Uul, a glacier in the Tsambagarav mountain range of the Mongolian Altai (4130 m asl, 48°39.338′N, 90°50.826′E). The small ice cap has low ice temperatures and flat bedrock topography at the drill site. This indicates minimal lateral glacier flow and thereby preserved climate signals. The upper two-thirds of the ice core contain 200 years of climate information with annual resolution, whereas the lower third is subject to strong thinning of the annual layers with a basal ice age of approximately 6000 years before present (BP). We interpret the basal ice age as indicative of ice-free conditions in the Tsambagarav mountain range at 4100 m asl prior to 6000 years BP. This age marks the onset of the Neoglaciation and the end of the Holocene Climate Optimum. The ice-free conditions allow for adjusting the Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) and derive the glacier extent in the Mongolian Altai during the Holocene Climate Optimum. Based on the ELA-shift, we conclude that most of the glaciers are not remnants of the Last Glacial Maximum but were formed during the second part of the Holocene. The ice core derived accumulation reconstruction suggests important changes in the precipitation pattern over the last 6000 years. During formation of the glacier, more humid conditions than presently prevailed followed by a long dry period from 5000 years BP until 250 years ago. Present conditions are more humid than during the past millennia. This is consistent with precipitation evolution derived from lake sediment studies in the Altai.

Correlating a documentary record of historical floods with the dendrochronological dating of a wooden decking in the old mint of Segovia (Spain)

the aim of this study is to apply an integrated methodological approximation where dendrochronology and documentary analysis allow us to reconstruct the historical flood record of the Segovia Mint. Our hypothesis is that differences between the dendrochronological data of the wooden decking pieces can be related to historical floods and, therefore, they could be used as proxy-source data in future palaeoflood research.