992 resultados para Geotechnical characterization


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The present study examines the geotechnical properties of Indian bentonite clays for their suitability as buffer material in deep geological repository for high-level nuclear wastes. The bentonite samples are characterized for index properties, compaction, hydraulic conductivity and swelling characteristics. Evaluation of geotechnical properties of the compacted bentonite-sand admixtures, from parts of NW India reveals swelling potentials and hydraulic conductivities in the range of 55 % - 108 % and 1.2 X 10 –10 cm/s to 5.42x 10 –11 cm/s respectively. Strong correlation was observed between ESP (exchangeable sodium percentage) and liquid limit/swell potential of tested specimens. Relatively less well-defined trends emerged between ESP and swell pressure/hydraulic conductivity. The Barmer-1 bentonite despite possessing relatively lower montmorillonite content of 68 %, developed higher Atterberg limit and swell potential, and exhibited comparable swelling pressure and hydraulic conductivity as other bentonites with higher montmorillonite contents (82 to 86 %). The desirable geotechnical properties of Barmer clay as a buffer material is attributed to its large ESP (63 %) and, EMDD (1.17 Mg/m3) attained at the experimental compactive stress(5 MPa).

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The cone penetration test (CPT), together with its recent variation (CPTU), has become the most widely used in-situ testing technique for soil profiling and geotechnical characterization. The knowledge gained over the last decades on the interpretation procedures in sands and clays is certainly wide, whilst very few contributions can be found as regards the analysis of CPT(u) data in intermediate soils. Indeed, it is widely accepted that at the standard rate of penetration (v = 20 mm/s), drained penetration occurs in sands while undrained penetration occurs in clays. However, a problem arise when the available interpretation approaches are applied to cone measurements in silts, sandy silts, silty or clayey sands, since such intermediate geomaterials are often characterized by permeability values within the range in which partial drainage is very likely to occur. Hence, the application of the available and well-established interpretation procedures, developed for ‘standard’ clays and sands, may result in invalid estimates of soil parameters. This study aims at providing a better understanding on the interpretation of CPTU data in natural sand and silt mixtures, by taking into account two main aspects, as specified below: 1)Investigating the effect of penetration rate on piezocone measurements, with the aim of identifying drainage conditions when cone penetration is performed at a standard rate. This part of the thesis has been carried out with reference to a specific CPTU database recently collected in a liquefaction-prone area (Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy). 2)Providing a better insight into the interpretation of piezocone tests in the widely studied silty sediments of the Venetian lagoon (Italy). Research has focused on the calibration and verification of some site-specific correlations, with special reference to the estimate of compressibility parameters for the assessment of long-term settlements of the Venetian coastal defences.

Relevância:

70.00% 70.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper presents a geotechnical characterization of the glacigenic sediments in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, based on the shipboard physical properties data obtained during Leg 119, combined with results of land-based analyses of 24 whole-round core samples. Main emphasis is placed on the land-based studies, which included oedometer consolidation tests, triaxial and simple shear tests for undrained shear strength, permeability tests in oedometer and triaxial cell, Atterberg limits, and grain-size analyses. The bulk of the tested sediments comprise overconsolidated diamictites of a relatively uniform lithology. The overconsolidation results from a combination of glacial loading and sediment overburden subsequently removed by extensive glacial erosion of the shelf. This leads to downhole profiles of physical properties that have been observed not to change as a function of the thickness of present overburden. A number of fluctuations in the parameters shows a relatively systematic trend and most likely results from changes in the proximity to the ice sheet grounding line in response to variations in the glacial regime. Very low permeabilities mainly result from high preconsolidation stresses (Pc'). Pc' values up to 10,000 kPa were estimated from the oedometer tests, and empirical estimates based on undrained shear strengths (up to 2500 kPa) indicate that the oedometer results are conservative. The diamictites generally classify as inactive, of low to medium plasticity, and they consolidate with little deformation, even when subjected to great stresses. This is the first report of geotechnical data from deep boreholes on the Antarctic continental shelf, but material of similar character can also be expected in other areas around the Antarctic.

Relevância:

70.00% 70.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

We tested the ability of a small dynamic penetrometer, Nimrod, to infer geotechnical properties of sediment mixtures in the inner shelf. The penetrometer is light and easy to operate, and its operation by scuba divers ensures a greater degree of precision than ship-based penetrometer deployments. We have studied selected positions along a sorted bedform (~ 100 m wide) on the continental shelf off the Coromandel Peninsula close to Tairua, North Island of New Zealand, and additionally took sediment samples at the exact positions of penetrometer impact, also by scuba divers. The derived dynamic penetrometer signatures (i) measured deceleration of the probe and estimated quasi-static bearing capacity as a measure of sediment strength, (ii) reflected changes in grain-size distribution ranging from very fine to very coarse sands, and (iii) revealed the uppermost seafloor stratification (top layer 2-6 cm) potentially being an indicator for sediment dynamics. In this manner, the device proved to be suitable for spatially fine-scaled surveys using divers' support and might deliver complementary information about sediment dynamics, in this case sorted-bedform maintenance.

Relevância:

70.00% 70.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Knowledge of the marine soils properties, together with hydrodynamic and climatic data, plays an important role for a better understanding of the dynamic behavior of sandy and muddy coasts. This paper deals with reporting and basic interpretation of two campaigns of exploration and characterization of the mud of Cassino Beach, southern Brazil, carried out during the years of 2004 and 2005. Samples were obtained by means of cores collected at some locations offshore, and were submitted to various laboratory geotechnical tests, including determination of the physical index, grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, and shear resistance by both triaxial and shear vane tests. Results confirm the existence of a very soft soil deposit offshore Cassino Beach, highly plastic, compressible, and viscous, forming an important database for further studies.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Site-specific geotechnical data are always random and variable in space. In the present study, a procedure for quantifying the variability in geotechnical characterization and design parameters is discussed using the site-specific cone tip resistance data (qc) obtained from static cone penetration test (SCPT). The parameters for the spatial variability modeling of geotechnical parameters i.e. (i) existing trend function in the in situ qc data; (ii) second moment statistics i.e. analysis of mean, variance, and auto-correlation structure of the soil strength and stiffness parameters; and (iii) inputs from the spatial correlation analysis, are utilized in the numerical modeling procedures using the finite difference numerical code FLAC 5.0. The influence of consideration of spatially variable soil parameters on the reliability-based geotechnical deign is studied for the two cases i.e. (a) bearing capacity analysis of a shallow foundation resting on a clayey soil, and (b) analysis of stability and deformation pattern of a cohesive-frictional soil slope. The study highlights the procedure for conducting a site-specific study using field test data such as SCPT in geotechnical analysis and demonstrates that a few additional computations involving soil variability provide a better insight into the role of variability in designs.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Com o presente documento pretende-se abordar e identificar os diferentes factores que influenciam directamente a produção e execução de uma escavação subterrânea, com especial relevo sobre a influência exercida pela geotecnia do maciço intersectado. Inicialmente são focados os principais aspectos a ter em conta na caracterização geotécnica de um maciço, seguindo-se uma introdução a diferentes métodos de escavação actuais e metodologias de suporte de uma obra subterrânea, com particular realce para os utilizados em maciços brandos. Depois de tratados estes conceitos, é apresentada uma obra subterrânea em execução que foi acompanhada durante 4 meses para efeitos de desenvolvimento deste estudo. Assim, são abordados neste documento diferentes aspectos construtivos, no que diz respeito à mão-de-obra utilizada, metodologias e técnicas aplicadas, redes técnicas auxiliares instaladas, produções e rendimentos verificados. De seguida e de modo a atestar a importância da caracterização geotécnica ao longo da obra, foi feito um estudo do maciço intersectado, relativamente às descontinuidades que o intersectam, litologia, alteração, e resistência à compressão. Para este último parâmetro foram utilizadas técnicas distintas mas complementares, nomeadamente o ensaio de carga pontual (em laboratório), e o esclerómetro portátil (in situ). Por último, tendo em conta os parâmetros e características presentes e as implicações que uma obra do género acarreta, são propostas de modo sucinto, técnicas alternativas de escavação do maciço cuja viabilidade de implementação seja possível no contexto em questão.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Este trabalho pretende abordar a importância de um estudo geomecânico no apoio à otimização e estabilidade de explorações subterrâneas por subníveis, com criação de bancadas e posterior enchimento. O presente envolveu um estudo geológico-geotécnico em quinze galerias situadas a muro, teto e corpo da mineralização com o levantamento das características mais relevantes do maciço rochoso para aplicação das classificações geomecânicas, englobando uma amostragem de mais de 1780 descontinuidades, obtendo um modelo cartográfico subterrâneo com um panorama geral da qualidade do maciço rochoso intercetado pelas escavações nas diferentes zonas. Os dados dos levantamentos de campo levaram à criação de uma base de dados com a aplicação das classificações geomecânicas Q-System, RMR e GSI, por galeria e, em seguida, por zona, com proposta de classe de sustimento a aplicar em cada local, pelo ábaco de Barton, em conjunto com a determinação de parâmetros geomecânicos fundamentais ao refinamento do conhecimento geológico-geotécnico das unidades litológicas em estudo. Na parte final, focando a localização da massa mineralizada de Feitais é efetuada uma abordagem relativa à estabilidade das cavidades geradas pelo desmonte em bancada entre subníveis, com respetivo dimensionamento das larguras admissíveis, em condições de segurança, através da relação entre o número de estabilidade e raio hidráulico, pelo método do gráfico de estabilidade. Com esta metodologia de caracterização geológico geotécnica, é pretendido efetuar um ponto de partida à criação de um modelo geomecânico comportamental do jazigo de Feitais, Mina de Aljustrel, contando com um processo inicial de apoio ao planeamento mineiro aplicado ao método de desmonte em bancada e posterior enchimento por subníveis, atuando nos parâmetros de estabilidade e apoio à extração, favorecendo assim a segurança das operações de trabalho em conjunto com um apoio de otimização da extração.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Este estudo pretende discutir a validade da aplicação da mais recente versão do “GSI – Geological Strength Index” (Hoek et al., 2013) em maciços rochosos heterogéneos por aplicação num projecto de obra subterrânea em execução. O estudo envolveu a caracterização geológicageotécnica nas duas frentes de escavação da frente “Poente” da empreitada de construção do Túnel do Marão (N de Portugal) tendo sido cartografados 305 metros no conjunto das duas frentes em 74 avanços consecutivos. Para esta caracterização foram coligidos e uniformizados dados geológicos, geotécnicos e geomecânicos relativos aos levantamentos realizados a cada avanço. A técnica da amostragem linear foi aplicada para a cartografia das descontinuidades que permitiu estabelecer o grau de compartimentação do maciço rochoso. Além disso, procedeu‐se a um tratamento estatístico das descontinuidades, bem como dos parâmetros geológico‐geotécnicos e geomecânicos associados. Os zonamentos geotécnicos e geomecânicos das secções em análise foram realizados sempre em estreita ligação com o conhecimento das características do maciço in situ. Procurou‐se estabelecer termos de comparação entre a versão do GSI|2013 e as versões anteriores (GSI|98, GSI|2001) por aplicação para os avanços cartografados. Pretende‐se que este trabalho contribua para um maior conhecimento da mais recente versão do “Geological Strength Index” (2013) para a sua aplicabilidade em projectos de geoengenharia.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The pipelines are characterized by the great length and linearity, these enterprises are usually associated with the horizon of soil and decomposed rock and accidents in this system usually have high complexity. So this work proposes a study of geological and geotechnical characterization of approximately 40 km ² and a study of risk analysis along 18.3 km of gas pipeline GASBOL, in the municipalities of Ipeúna-SP and Itirapina-SP, in scale 1:25.000, besides correlation between studies. The method for geological and geotechnical characterization is based on physiographic integrated analysis technique, which is supported by literature research, observation and interpretation of satellite imagery (photointerpretation), correlation of products numerical model of ground, fieldwork. The method adopted for risk classification is based on preliminary analysis of hazards (APP) technique, which is identified the geological process, this feature is classified as the susceptibility of occurrence, and then classified as the possible consequence of the process, if this evolves. As a product of the research, we designed a map in 1:25,000 scale, containing a table of geological and geotechnical characteristics of the mapped drives, as well as sectorization risk in each section of the pipeline. Were mapped geological and geotechnical seven units in the study area, delimited in excerpts of which five are classified as high risk, totaling 1.1 km in length of 18.3 km total

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This research presents the result of the engineering geological mapping in a 1:50.000 scale, in Bairro do Peão region, in Piracaia (SP), represented by means of homogeneous units which are susceptible to superficial dynamic processes. To serve as basis for the elaboration of a Chart of Susceptibility to Processes of Superficial Dynamic, a series of physical samples was collected, considering erosive processes and registers of information of usage and soil occupation. The procedure used for elaborating the geotechnical chart is based on Vedovello (2000), which suggests the physiographic compartimentation of the area through photointerpretation and further geotechnical characterization of the selected samples. The geotechnical characterization of the samples was made by identifying the features and properties of the material and forms of the physical environment determining the geotechnical conditions through geological-geotechnical profile descriptions typical of/ peculiar to each unit defined in the area. Thus, for each unit selected, the susceptibility level was established in very high, high, average and low, as well as the prevalent erosive processes.

Relevância:

60.00% 60.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE