Inscape, the inshape of the trinity: a genetic analysis of Gerard Manley Hopkins’ "God’s Grandeur" and "The Windhover"

Les théories poétiques de l’inscape et du sprung rhythm établies par le poète britannique Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844-1889) ont dérouté les critiques des années durant. La plupart d’entre eux se sont appuyés sur les poèmes publiés en quête d’indices quant à la signification de ses théories. Cette thèse approfondit l’analyse mise de l’avant en révélant que la genèse de la théorie de l’inscape provient des notes de Hopkins — alors étudiant de premier cycle — sur le philosophe présocratique Parménide, et est influencée par les commentaires sur l’oeuvre De la nature du philosophe. Un examen des lettres de Hopkins à ses collègues poètes Robert Bridges et Richard Watson Dixon révèle que le sprung rhythm découle de l’inscape, sa théorie de base. La technique du sprung rhythm consiste donc en l’application de l’inscape au schéma métrique de la poésie. Cette étude établit d’abord une définition opérationnelle de chacune de ces théories pour ensuite les appliquer aux manuscrits afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure Hopkins y adhérait et les exploitait lors de la rédaction de deux de ses poèmes canoniques, God’s Grandeur et The Windhover. L’étude s’inscrit ainsi dans le champ de la critique génétique, une approche mise au point en France, particulièrement à l’Institut des textes et manuscrits modernes (ITEM). Ce sont donc sur des oeuvres littéraires françaises ou sur des textes en prose qu’ont porté la majorité des analyses à ce sujet. Suppressions, ajouts, substitutions et constantes entre différentes versions témoignent de ce qu’étaient les priorités de Hopkins dans sa quête pour atteindre l’effet désiré. Par conséquent, cette thèse s’efforce de dévoiler la signification des théories poétiques de Hopkins en établissant leur genèse et leur application respectives dans deux de ses poèmes selon une perspective de critique génétique. Elle contribue également à enrichir la critique génétique en l’appliquant à des oeuvres littéraires écrites en anglais et sous forme de poésie plutôt que de prose. Enfin, son objectif ultime est de raviver l’intérêt pour le poète Hopkins en tant que sujet viable d’étude, et de favoriser l’appréciation de ses prouesses tant comme théoricien poétique que comme poète.

Change in the archive: Blanchot's 'L'Entretien infini'

Today we are faced with the problem of how to relate the archives of deconstructionist thinkers to their thought, which seems opposed to historically-oriented or genetic criticism. This article is the first to look comprehensively at the gestation of Maurice Blanchot's L'Entretien infini, including the work's page-proofs which were made available in 2009. I thus address the multiple processes of change at work throughout Blanchot's writing, with change being a process whose importance goes beyond any single new form of writing resulting from it. My presentation of the archival material is contextualized via a discussion of the notion of L'Absence de livre (the project's working title). Rather than being a straightfoward incompleteness or fragmentation, this notion establishes a fraught relationship between such ideas and what it calls ‘le Livre’.

O ritual simbólico do Ctrl+C (copiar ) e Ctrl+V (colar) no ensino médio

Nowadays, technology has a direct influence on the relationship student and teacher have with language. The internet is a powerful tool in helping work with the language and, through it, the knowledge comes to the student easily and intensely. Furthermore, this facility has enhanced and made visible what has been called, within the University community, "plagiarism generation." This work assumes that this generation has, in their written texts, symbolic movements similar to those of "copy and paste" applied to research work carried out by high school students. Taking this as starting point, this dissertation aims to analyze how high school students of the 1st year from a school in Natal (RN) construct texts, under the movements known as "Ctrl + c" and "Ctrl + v", with reference to the text of the "other". More specific issues are behind the general objective, namely: 1. how the student appropriates the source-text when he copies and pastes? 2. What are the categories of analysis that allow us to look analytically and theoretically for the "ctrl + c / ctrl + v" practice made by the student? 2. how the studies developed in the fields of "Genetic Criticism" (Grésillon, 1987), the "school manuscripts" (Calil, 2004) and "paraphrase" (Fuchs, 1982) may help in working with writing in the classroom standing as a possible way to minimize the copy and paste effects in the students texts? Thus, we observe the categories of analysis that allow us to look, theoretically and analytically, for the symbolic ritual of the "ctrl + c" (copy) and "ctrl + v" (paste) in high school. Our study shows that the student text is a "hybrid body" whose writing is a drawing entanglement because of the presence of the foreign text, verbatim, and the presence of linguistic elements to paraphrase the original text.This textual embodiment has, behind it, certain operations, namely: replacing, moving, adding and deleting statements. Given the specificity of the data and the research objectives, this study aligns with qualitative research methods (SILVERMAN, 2009) and falls within the knowledge field of Applied Linguistics, which is characterized especially by investigating problems, phenomena in which language in a real situation is taken as central (BRUMFIT, 1995).Theoretically, our work follows the approach of studies on the paraphrase (Fuchs, 1982, 1994a, 1994b; DAUNAY, 1997, 1999, 2002a, 2002b), the studies developed in the field of Genetic Criticism (Grésillon, 1987, 1994, 1992, 2008 ) and those developed by Eduardo Calil (2004) on "school manuscripts"

O Uso de operações linguístico-discursivas da crítica genética na reescritura de textos

As a professor in Curso de Licenciatura em Letras, from Campus Avançado Profa Maria Eliza Albuquerque Maia (CAMEAM),do Estado do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), in the town of Pau do Ferros, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, we had the chance to carry out several writing activities , as well as guiding re-writing activities for the texts produced. From this experience, we started looking at the need of reflecting upon the writing process in higher education. Thus, we aim at analyzing, in this research, the methodology used in the moment of carrying out the writing practices activities in higher education, investigating, in particular, the rewriting practices, concerning the operations used for carrying out such activities, as well as the sense effects produced from the alterations which were made in the texts. Our theoretical foundation is grounded on a conception of text as a verbal action , what reveals a socio-interactional view of the language (MARCUSCHI, 2008; SAUTCHUK, 2003). As the production of written texts, our research focus, we assume that, for this activity, we deal with distinct figures (active writer and internal reader), so that we can, apart from writing, reflecting upon our writing and, this way, deciding about operations which are carried out to make the alterations which are necessary to the rewriting of our texts (SAUTCHUK, 2003). Still about the theoretical foundations used in this research, we made use of the theories from the Textual Analysis of Discourse (TAD) which discusses the belief on the evidence on the existence of the texts, which is opposite to the fixist view of textuality which believes that the texts exist by themselves. (ADAM, 2008; [2005]2010). Under this perspective, we have also adopted, the concepts which come from genetics criticism which is concerned about the relation between text and genesis, using as objects documents which bring traits of the text in progress, on the ground that the text is the result of work in progress, and the writing practice, on the other hand, as an activity in a continuous movement (HAY, [1975]2002; DE BIASI, [2000]2010; GRÉSILLON, 1989; [1990]2008; [1992]2002; SALLES, 2008a). The methodology in this research is an ethnography-based one, an approach which focuses on the process, as well as is meaning-based. To understand the objectives proposed in our research, we made use of different procedures of collecting data which include an ethnographic study, such as: observation, note-taking, document analysis. The data which were analyzed were collected during the semester of 2008.2, in a first term classroom of Curso de Letras from CAMEAM, when we were able to collect twenty-one written texts and all of them were rewritten based on rewriting activities, what provides a corpus of forty-two texts which will be analyzed based on the linguistics operations identified by Generative Grammar and adopted by Lebrave and Grésillon (2009). From these analyses, we were able to confirm that writing is a process, and rewriting has become an extremely important activity for this process. Still due to these data, we observed that substitution was the most used operation by text authors. We believe that this result is justified by the fact that the substitution, according to what proposes the Genetic Criticism, constitutes the source of all erasure, from which one can easily make a change in writing. Regarding the operations of addition and deletion, we found that they were used in quantitative terms, almost equivalently, which can be explained when we see that the two operations require, by the author of the text, different strategies from those used for the replacement, what includes , respectively, adding or removing a segment. Finally, we found out that the shift operation was the least used, since it works with a segment that will not be replaced, added or deleted, but transferred to another place of text, which requires a greater ability of the author to perform this operation and not compromising the meaning of his/her writing. As a result, we hope to contribute to the reflection on the teaching of writing, considering, in a particular way, those with a Bachelor in Arts. Our analysis will contribute to the teaching of Portuguese language, specifically for activities that guide the production of texts in order to explore with students the ability to rewrite their own text

As edições não póstumas de Inocência (1872/1884), de Visconde de Taunay: análise do primeiro capítulo

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

De poeta a editor de poesia: a trajetória de Machado de Assis para a formação de suas Poesias Completas

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

O canteiro do poeta-arquiteto: a conduta criativa de João Cabral de Melo Neto à luz de seus manuscritos

Neste artigo repensamos a metáfora do "poeta-engenheiro", ou "poeta-arquiteto", que geralmente caracteriza o processo criativo de João Cabral de Melo Neto, à luz de uma leitura genética de manuscritos de A educação pela pedra. Veremos que o "arquiteto" da metáfora provém da teoria de Le Corbusier, na qual o desenho (a concepção) determina o canteiro (a execução). No entanto, a análise de transformações de estruturas por meio de reformulações textuais nos manuscritos do poeta mostra que, por vezes, o projeto, ou intenção, se transforma nos trabalhos da página-canteiro.

"Ernesto de tal" e suas duas versões

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o conto "Ernesto de tal", de Machado de Assis, sob a perspectiva histórica e social. Será objeto de estudo também a comparação entre as duas versões do conto; a primeira, publicada no Jornal das Famílias, e a segunda, publicada no livro Histórias da meia-noite. Por meio da apreciação do cotejo entre as duas versões do conto em questão, procuraremos ainda refletir sobre como Machado criava e reescrevia seus textos.

La genética textual como lectura comparatista : El caso de la génesis de Amadeus, de Peter Shaffer

En este trabajo se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre los aportes de la genética textual o crítica genética (Lois, 2001; Goldchluk, 2005; 2009) al comparatismo. Dado que este enfoque propone un trabajo con el proceso de escritura, presupone la comparación entre diferentes estadios textuales; la obra es la suma de los diferentes estadios textuales y momentos de archivación, no sólo el estadio édito para esta perspectiva. El modo de lectura que puede desprenderse de este enfoque permite encontrar en una obra diferentes núcleos de análisis que pueden leerse de modo transversal en diferentes instancias textuales, por lo cual se puede efectuar una lectura que denominaremos «constelada¼. ;Para abordar estas ideas, recurriremos a observaciones surgidas a partir del proyecto de licenciatura que se centra en el estudio de la génesis textual de la obra Amadeus, del dramaturgo inglés Peter Shaffer.

Huida de una voz en Cae la noche tropical, de Manuel Puig

El análisis literario permite distinguir la presencia de una voz femenina por toda la obra de Manuel Puig. El personaje que la expresa en Cae la noche tropical es Nidia. Desde el enfoque de la crítica genética fue posible observar en los materiales escriturales la configuración de esa voz y su relación con los lugares comunes -rasgo ya señalado como recurrente en la poética de este novelista por la crítica literaria-, así como el proceso por el cual logra fugarse del rol esperado y el cliché

Aportes de la crítica genética a los estudios comparados : reflexiones metodológicas a partir de Amadeus, de Peter Shaffer

En este artículo se presentan algunas reflexiones desarrolladas en Argentina sobre los aportes de la genética textual o crítica genética (Lois, 2001, 2005; Goldchluk, 2009, 2010) a los estudios de literatura comparada. Desde esta perspectiva que propone un trabajo con el proceso de escritura, la comparación entre diferentes estadios textuales resulta decisiva; a su vez, el abordaje de una génesis escritural requiere consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas para delimitar el dossier genético (Lois, 2001) en torno a una obra analizada. A su vez, esta perspectiva considera que la obra no sólo es el estadio édito de un texto sino aquello que sucede entre los diferentes estadios textuales. El modo de lectura que puede desprenderse de este enfoque permite encontrar en una obra diferentes núcleos de análisis que pueden leerse de modo transversal en diferentes instancias textuales, por lo cual se puede efectuar una lectura que denominaremos "constelada". Para abordar estas ideas, recurriremos al análisis de la pieza teatral de Peter Shaffer, el cual se enmarca dentro de una investigación actual sobre su génesis. Nos concentraremos en la intertextualidad como problema teórico y la aparición de diferentes motivos en la obra así como las formas en que se retroalimentan

Huellas de una escritura escatológica : El proceso creativo de "Lavabos" de Manuel Vicent

El artículo aborda el proceso creativo de "Lavabos", columna escrita por Manuel Vicent y publicada, en primera instancia, en el periódico El País en el año 2000, y más tarde recogida en Nadie muere la víspera, de 2004. Para ello, se procede, en principio, al desciframiento y transcripción de los borradores del texto. Posteriormente, se examina estos materiales redaccionales preparatorios y las versiones éditas del texto, las variantes significativas que presentan, y se analiza las relaciones entre ellos, y del conjunto con algunos aspectos de la poética del autor

Las aspiraciones de Silvio Astier : Fama, delito y lectura en El juguete rabioso de Roberto Arlt

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo el estudio de El juguete rabioso de Roberto Arlt, partiendo de la perspectiva de la crítica genética y atendiendo a la importancia que reviste el sistemático análisis de los diferentes tipos de esbozos preparatorios de la novela de Arlt, dados a conocer como adelantos en revista literarias. Estos aspectos desarrollados aquí apuntan a reflexionar sobre las relaciones entre pre-texto y texto como modo de abordaje al estudio de la obra literaria y tienen como principal finalidad advertir las diferentes trasformaciones sufridas por Silvio Astier en distintas etapas de la composición del texto. Se atenderá fundamentalmente a las representaciones vacilantes que introduce Arlt, en relación con la lectura y el universo libresco, como así también las consideraciones en torno a la idea de reconocimiento literario y el lugar del delito