Innovación docente mediante recursos de investigación (GeoMar: docencia universitaria de las Geociencias Marinas)

En el contexto de los proyectos “Redes de investigación en docencia universitaria de la Universidad de Alicante” se ha establecido la red de trabajo “GeoMar: Red de investigación en docencia universitaria de las Geociencias Marinas”. En el marco esta esta red se presenta un ejemplo de innovación docente desarrollado en la asignatura “Planctología aplicada y Micropaleontología marina”. Esta actividad se fundamenta en la utilización de recursos avanzados de investigación como son el Centro de Investigación Marina de Santa Pola y los Servicios Técnicos de Investigación de la Universidad de Alicante. El plan de aprendizaje consiste esencialmente en el desarrollo de clases teórico-prácticas/tutorías grupales donde los alumnos desarrollan de forma autónoma un trabajo de iniciación a la investigación. Finalmente, se presentan los trabajos, desarrollados en comunicación tipo poster, en un mini-congreso de carácter informal denominado “Encuentro de Jóvenes Investigadores en Micropaleontología Marina”. Estos posters fueron expuestos también, como ejemplo de trabajo de iniciación a la investigación, en “III Encuentro de Investigación del Instituto Multidisciplinar para el estudio del Medio” organizado en la Facultad de Ciencias. Asimismo, esta actividad docente ha derivado en que en la actualidad dos alumnos se encuentren realizando sus trabajos fin de grado en la temática relacionada con la asignatura.

Global sea-to-air flux climatology for bromoform, dibromomethane and methyl iodide

Volatile halogenated organic compounds containing bromine and iodine, which are naturally produced in the ocean, are involved in ozone depletion in both the troposphere and stratosphere. Three prominent compounds transporting large amounts of marine halogens into the atmosphere are bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2) and methyl iodide (CH3I). The input of marine halogens to the stratosphere has been estimated from observations and modelling studies using low-resolution oceanic emission scenarios derived from top-down approaches. In order to improve emission inventory estimates, we calculate data-based high resolution global sea-to-air flux estimates of these compounds from surface observations within the HalOcAt (Halocarbons in the Ocean and Atmosphere) database (https://halocat.geomar.de/). Global maps of marine and atmospheric surface concentrations are derived from the data which are divided into coastal, shelf and open ocean regions. Considering physical and biogeochemical characteristics of ocean and atmosphere, the open ocean water and atmosphere data are classified into 21 regions. The available data are interpolated onto a 1 degrees x 1 degrees grid while missing grid values are interpolated with latitudinal and longitudinal dependent regression techniques reflecting the compounds' distributions. With the generated surface concentration climatologies for the ocean and atmosphere, global sea-to-air concentration gradients and sea-to-air fluxes are calculated. Based on these calculations we estimate a total global flux of 1.5/2.5 Gmol Br yr(-1) for CHBr3, 0.78/0.98 Gmol Br yr(-1) for CH2Br2 and 1.24/1.45 Gmol Br yr(-1) for CH3I (robust fit/ordinary least squares regression techniques). Contrary to recent studies, negative fluxes occur in each sea-to-air flux climatology, mainly in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. "Hot spots" for global polybromomethane emissions are located in the equatorial region, whereas methyl iodide emissions are enhanced in the subtropical gyre regions. Inter-annual and seasonal variation is contained within our flux calculations for all three compounds. Compared to earlier studies, our global fluxes are at the lower end of estimates, especially for bromoform. An under-representation of coastal emissions and of extreme events in our estimate might explain the mismatch between our bottom-up emission estimate and top-down approaches.

WAIS seminar: Publication Workflows for Scientific Data

Wednesday 23rd April 2014 Speaker(s): Willi Hasselbring Organiser: Leslie Carr Time: 23/04/2014 11:00-11:50 Location: B32/3077 File size: 669 Mb Abstract For good scientific practice, it is important that research results may be properly checked by reviewers and possibly repeated and extended by other researchers. This is of particular interest for "digital science" i.e. for in-silico experiments. In this talk, I'll discuss some issues of how software systems and services may contribute to good scientific practice. Particularly, I'll present our PubFlow approach to automate publication workflows for scientific data. The PubFlow workflow management system is based on established technology. We integrate institutional repository systems (based on EPrints) and world data centers (in marine science). PubFlow collects provenance data automatically via our monitoring framework Kieker. Provenance information describes the origins and the history of scientific data in its life cycle, and the process by which it arrived. Thus, provenance information is highly relevant to repeatability and trustworthiness of scientific results. In our evaluation in marine science, we collaborate with the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel.

Análisis computarizado de la marcha de amputados transfemoral unilateral con prótesis endoesquelética y exoesquelética

El propósito de este estudio es realizar un análisis computarizado de la marcha en sujetos con amputación transfemoral unilateral, con prótesis endoesquelética y exoesquelética. Método: los participantes fueron dos soldados del Ejercito Nacional Colombiano en edad (25+/-10 años), con amputación transfemoral (AK) unilateral en fase protésica, con un tiempo de amputación mayor de 3 años, por causa traumática, en extremidadizquierda. Se empleó un software de análisis de movimiento denominado Ariel Performance Analysis System (APAS), donde se determinaron variables cinemáticas de la marcha como: el desplazamiento angular de las articulaciones de los miembros inferiores en los diferentes planos y la cadencia de los movimientos; parámetros de marcha como: la longitud del paso, la longitud de la zancada y el ancho del paso; el consumo de energía en el desplazamiento y el tiempo de duración del ciclo de marcha. Los datos arrojados fueron comparados entre sí frente a los parámetros de una marcha normal según la literatura universal. Resultados: Los resultados se presentan en forma de gráficos interactivos, en los cuales se puede apreciar el comportamiento de cada variable medida comparando los resultados frente a una marcha normal. En los amputados AK que usan prótesis por encima de rodilla el patrón de marcha se asocia a pasos cortos bilaterales. El fisioterapeuta debe hacer énfasis en la habilitación de los parámetros de la marcha, con el fin de que estos se asemejen a una marcha normal. Conclusiones: El uso de esta tecnología en la intervención fisioterapéutica con personas amputadas arroja datos exactos en todas las variables del estudio, lo que puede mejorar la habilitación de estas personas en la fase protésica y proporcionarles una reeducación efectiva del patrón de marcha.

Caracterização morfológica e sedimentar do talude continental (foz do Amazonas)

Created on 3 december 1997, the REMPLAC (Program for Assessment of Mineral Potencial of the Continental Shelf), this porgram aimed to make the basic survey, systematic geological and geophysical continental shelf, detail, at an appropriate scale, sites geo-economic, and perform the analysis and evaluation of mineral deposits. The REMPLAC should continue the efforts of Global Recognition Program of the Brazilian Continental Margin REMAC closed in 1978, the operations Geophysical Sea (GEOMAR) developed by the Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation and the various initiatives of the Program of Marine Geology and Geophysics (PGGM). Despite the high interest on the Amazon platform, there is little information o their morphology and sediment characterization, and in order to fill this gap, the present work samples sedimentological point followed by seismic acquisition. And the studies were to characterize the possible area of interest as being directly influence by tides, which sediments are reworked throughout the platform featuring grain angle with sharp corners, and the carbonate content increases as it approaches the breakdown the platform, and the bodies found outside the foraminifera and mollusks. However, diverging with organic matter that reduces its concentration as it moves away from the coast. The seismic profiles do not get satisfactory results because of low visibility, however, to correlate with the spot samples, of sediment were possible morphological characterization of the area.

Dinamica del fitoplancton in relazione alle variabili abiotiche con particolare attenzione alle specie dannose

Negli ultimi decenni nell’Alto Adriatico, in particolare lungo la costa dell’Emilia-Romagna, si sono verificati fenomeni eutrofici con lo svilupparsi di “red tides”, con frequenza e intensità tali da aver assunto un aspetto cronico. Da questi episodi è nata l’esigenza sia di un efficiente monitoraggio dell’area, che viene svolto dal 1976 dalla Struttura Oceanografica Daphne (ARPA), sia di ricercare e studiare i meccanismi che guidano il processo. Questa zona è sotto stretta osservazione anche nell’ambito Direttiva europea 2008/56/CE, Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), in quanto l’alto Adriatico rappresenta la zona maggiormente a rischio per i fenomeni di eutrofizzazione e di bloom algali. Il lavoro di questa tesi nasce dalla necessità di approfondire diversi aspetti sollevati dalla MSFD che non vengono soddisfatti da una normale attività di monitoraggio. La frequenza e l’enorme mole di dati raccolti spesso non permette nè di riunire insieme per un unico sito tutti i parametri biotici e abiotici indicativi dello stato dell’ambiente, né di fare elaborazioni statistiche approfondite. Per fare questo sono state condotte in due siti prospicienti la località di Marina di Ravenna (costa emiliano-romagnola): DIGA SUD e GEOMAR, distanti rispettivamente 1.5 Km e 12 Km dalla costa, analisi quali-quantitative dei popolamenti fitoplanctonici presenti e concomitanti analisi dei parametri chimico-fisici (nutrienti, temperatura e salinità) dell’acqua. Il campionamento bimensile è iniziato ad aprile del 2013 ed è terminato ad ottobre dello stesso anno. Dai dati ottenuti dalle suddette analisi, avvalendosi di diversi strumenti statistici, si è cercato di capire se c’è differenza fra i due siti oggetto di studio in termini di variabili abiotiche ambientali e di popolazione fitoplanctonica dovuta ad effetto geografico (distanza dalla costa). Inoltre si è cercato di individuare come le variabili ambientali vadano ad influenzare la distribuzione dei diversi taxa fitoplanctonici e di segnalare l’eventuale presenza di specie microalgali potenzialmente tossiche e/o dannose.