1000 resultados para FEBEM-SP
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física
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O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre como os profissionais das equipes da FEBEM-SP elaboram diagnósticos psicossociais que definem a situação das crianças e adolescentes atendidos pela instituição. Será enfatizado o papel ambíguo, arbitrário e ineficiente dessa tarefa técnica dentro dos dispositivos jurídico-institucionais de atendimento socioeducativo a esses indivíduos. O referencial teórico privilegia um enfoque sociológico dos diagnósticos a partir dos trabalhos de Robert Castel, para em seguida abordar as práticas diagnósticas com base na teoria interacionista do desvio e no estudo das representações. Essa análise será ilustrada pelos discursos dos profissionais das equipes, em que os diagnósticos aparecem relacionados às idéias que eles fazem da criança e do adolescente, da FEBEM e da sua própria prática. No seu conjunto, esse texto explicita a fragilidade dos relatórios escritos, decorrente do funcionamento institucional e da subjetividade dos especialistas, dificultando a melhora da qualidade do atendimento da FEBEM-SP.
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Resumen en castellano, francés e inflés
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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OBJETIVOS: Descrever o perfil de adolescentes quanto ao apoio social e familiar, ao uso de drogas e os conhecimentos, as práticas e atitudes relacionadas à Aids e sua prevenção. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 275 jovens internos, do sexo masculino, de um centro de internação da Fundação Estadual do Bem Estar do Menor (Febem), em São Paulo, SP. A pesquisa foi feita em duas fases: a primeira por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 20 internos; a segunda, com questionários para auto-respostas aplicados aos 275 internos, com perguntas fechadas referentes a características sociodemográficas, criminalidade, práticas sexuais, uso de drogas, conhecimento, atitudes e práticas relativas à Aids. RESULTADOS: Do total estudado, 90% dos jovens internos residiam com suas famílias antes da internação; todos haviam estudado em escolas públicas, ainda que 61% já houvessem abandonado os estudos; 12% já haviam usado drogas; e 5,5% eram usuários de drogas intravenosas. A maioria (98%) era sexualmente ativa; 35% haviam tido mais de 15 parceiras(os) sexuais ao longo da vida; 8% haviam tido experiências homossexuais (dentro ou fora da Febem); 12% já haviam trocado sexo por benefícios materiais; e 22% já eram pais. Muitos dos adolescentes afirmaram que adquirir o HIV "é parte da vida" e que suas vidas apresentam riscos piores, como sobreviver na criminalidade. Acreditam que o preservativo é frágil (83%) e atrapalha a relação sexual (58%); 72% já haviam utilizado preservativo, mas apenas 9% o utilizavam sempre. CONCLUSÕES: Os adolescentes apresentaram um elevado risco de aquisição do HIV. Assim, torna-se necessário integrar a prevenção da Aids em sua problemática de vida e em temas como racismo, esperança pelo futuro, criminalidade, uso de drogas, direitos fundamentais, incluídos nestes os referentes ao sexo e à reprodução, mostrando existir alternativas a adquirir o HIV ou morrer na criminalidade.
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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Balsamic vinegar (BV) is a typical and valuable Italian product, worldwide appreciated thanks to its characteristic flavors and potential health benefits. Several studies have been conducted to assess physicochemical and microbial compositions of BV, as well as its beneficial properties. Due to highly-disseminated claims of antioxidant, antihypertensive and antiglycemic properties, BV is a known target for frauds and adulterations. For that matter, product authentication, certifying its origin (region or country) and thus the processing conditions, is becoming a growing concern. Striving for fraud reduction as well as quality and safety assurance, reliable analytical strategies to rapidly evaluate BV quality are very interesting, also from an economical point of view. This work employs silica plate laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SP-LDI-MS) for fast chemical profiling of commercial BV samples with protected geographical indication (PGI) and identification of its adulterated samples with low-priced vinegars, namely apple, alcohol and red/white wines.
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The taxonomic position of a bacterium isolated from water samples from the Rio Negro, in Amazon, Brazil, was determined by using a polyphasic approach. The organism formed a distinct phyletic line in the Chromobacterium 16S rRNA gene tree and had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in this genus. It was found to be closely related to Chromobacterium vaccinii DSM 25150(T) (98.6 % 16S rRNA gene similarity) and shared 98.5 % 16S rRNA gene similarity with Chromobacterium piscinae LGM 3947(T). DNA-DNA relatedness studies showed that isolate CBMAI 310(T) belongs to distinct genomic species. The isolate was readily distinguished from the type strain of these species using a combination of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties. Thus, based on genotypic and phenotypic data, it is proposed that isolate CBMAI 310(T) (=DSM 26508(T)) be classified in the genus Chromobacterium as the type strain of a novel species, namely, Chromobacterium amazonense sp. nov.
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Recently, to obtain lipids from microalgae has been the object of extensive research, since it is viewed as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production, especially when compared with crops such as soybean and sunflower, in terms of theoretical performance. The reduction of nutrient availability in culture media, especially nitrogen, stresses the microorganisms and affects cell growth, thus inducing lipid accumulation. This is an interesting step in biodiesel feedstock obtention from microalgae and should be better understood. In this study, four levels of nitrogen concentration in the BG-11 culture medium were evaluated in the growth of the chlorophycean microalga Desmodesmus sp. Both cell growth and lipid content were monitored over 7 days of cultivation, which yielded a final cell density of 33 × 10(6) cells mL(-1) with an initial NaNO3 concentration of 750 mg L(-1) in the medium and a maximum lipid content of 23 % with total nitrogen starvation. It was observed that the microalgae presented high lipid accumulation in the fourth day of cultivation with nitrogen starvation, although with moderate cell growth.
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Multi-element analyses of sediment samples from the Santos-Cubatão Estuarine System were carried out to investigate the spatial and seasonal variability of trace-element concentrations. The study area contains a rich mangrove ecosystem that is a habitat for tens of thousands of resident and migratory birds, some of them endangered globally. Enrichments of metals in fine-grained surface sediments are, in decreasing order, Hg, Mn, La, Ca, Sr, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ba, Cu, Cr, Fe, Nb, Y, Ni and Ga, relative to pre-industrial background levels. The maximum enrichment ranged from 49 (Hg) to 3.1 (Ga). Mercury concentrations were greater in the Cubatão river than in other sites, while the other elements showed greater concentrations in the Morrão river. Concentrations of Mn were significantly greater in winter and autumn than in summer and spring. However, other elements (e.g. Cd and Pb) showed the opposite, with greater concentrations in summer and spring. This study suggests that seasonal changes in physical and chemical conditions may affect the degree of sediment enrichment and therefore make the assessment of contamination difficult. Consequently, these processes need to be considered when assessing water quality and the potential contamination of biota.
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In this paper a water quality index is developed to subsidize management actions in the Atibaia River for upon protection of aquatic organisms. This index is composed of two measurable environmental parameters normaly, ammonia and dissolved oxygen, the latter representing the contribution of organic matter. Concentrations of these two variables were normalized on a scale from 0 to 100 and translated into statements of quality (excellent, good, regular, bad and very bad). The index was applied to three monitoring points in the Atibaia River and compared to other indices used by the State of São Paulo Environmental Agency (CETESB). The results showed that the degradation in this watershed follows the urban population density. The developed index is more restricted than the other ones routinely used to infer water quality.