Front spreading in population dynamic models. Theory and application to the Neolithic transition

This thesis presents population dynamics models that can be applied to predict the rate of spread of the Neolithic transition (change from hunter-gathering to farming economics) across the European continent, which took place about 9000 to 5000 years ago. The first models in this thesis provide predictions at a continental scale. We develop population dynamics models with explicit kernels and apply realistic data. We also derive a new time-delayed reaction-diffusion equation which yields speeds about a 10% slower than previous models. We also deal with a regional variability: the slowdown of the Neolithic front when reaching the North of Europe. We develop simple reaction-diffusion models that can predict the measured speeds in terms of the non-homogeneous distribution of pre-Neolithic (Mesolithic) population in Europe, which were present in higher densities at the North of the continent. Such models can explain the observed speeds.

Completeness for coherent states in a magnetic-solenoid field

This paper completes our study of coherent states in the so-called magnetic-solenoid field (a collinear combination of a constant uniform magnetic field and Aharonov-Bohm solenoid field) presented in Bagrov et al (2010 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43 354016, 2011 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 44 055301). Here, we succeeded in proving nontrivial completeness relations for non-relativistic and relativistic coherent states in such a field. In addition, we solve here the relevant Stieltjes moment problem and present a comparative analysis of our coherent states and the well-known, in the case of pure uniform magnetic field, Malkin-Man'ko coherent states.

Coherent states and related quantizations for unbounded motions

We discuss the construction of coherent states (CS) for systems with continuous spectra. First, we propose to adopt the Malkin-Manko approach, developed for systems with discrete spectra, to the case under consideration. Following this approach, we consider two examples, a free particle and a particle in a linear potential. Second, we generalize the approach of action-angle CS to systems with continuous spectra. In the first approach we start with a well-defined quantum formulation (canonical quantization) of a physical system and the construction of CS follows from such a quantization. In the second approach, the quantization procedure is inherent to the CS construction itself.

Observation of Direct-Photon Collective Flow in Au plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV

The second Fourier component v(2) of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to the reaction plane is measured for direct photons at midrapidity and transverse momentum (p(T)) of 1-12 GeV/c in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with p(T) < 6 GeV/c indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for p(T) > 6 GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for p(T) > 4 GeV/c the anisotropy for direct photons is consistent with zero, which is as expected if the dominant source of direct photons is initial hard scattering. However, in the p(T) < 4 GeV/c region dominated by thermal photons, we find a substantial direct-photon v(2) comparable to that of hadrons, whereas model calculations for thermal photons in this kinematic region underpredict the observed v(2).

On the Origin of the Trigger-Angle Dependence of the Ridge Structure

The origin of the trigger-angle dependence of the ridge structure in two-hadron long-range correlations, as observed at RHIC, is discussed as due to an interplay between the elliptic flow caused by the initial state global geometry and flow produced by fluctuations.

STRUCTURE OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ALLOWING EXACT SOLUTION OF THE SCHRODINGER EQUATION IN SUPERPOSITION WITH AN AHARONOV-BOHM FIELD

A charged particle is considered in a complex external electromagnetic field. The field is a superposition of an Aharonov-Bohm field and some additional field. Here we describe all additional fields known up to the present time that allow exact solution of the Schrodinger equation in a complex field.

Cold-Nuclear-Matter Effects on Heavy-Quark Production in d+Au Collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV

The PHENIX experiment has measured electrons and positrons at midrapidity from the decays of hadrons containing charm and bottom quarks produced in d + Au and p + p collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV in the transverse-momentum range 0.85 <= p(T)(e) <= 8.5 GeV/c. In central d + Au collisions, the nuclear modification factor R-dA at 1.5 < p(T) < 5 GeV/c displays evidence of enhancement of these electrons, relative to those produced in p + p collisions, and shows that the mass-dependent Cronin enhancement observed at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider extends to the heavy D meson family. A comparison with the neutral-pion data suggests that the difference in cold-nuclear-matter effects on light- and heavy-flavor mesons could contribute to the observed differences between the pi(0) and heavy-flavor-electron nuclear modification factors R-AA. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.242301

Anisotropic Flow in Event-by-Event Ideal Hydrodynamic Simulations of root s(NN) 200 GeV Au+Au Collisions

We simulate top-energy Au + Au collisions using ideal hydrodynamics in order to make the first comparison to the complete set of midrapidity flow measurements made by the PHENIX Collaboration. A simultaneous calculation of nu(2), nu(3), nu(4), and the first event-by-event calculation of quadrangular flow defined with respect to the nu(2) event plane (nu(4){Psi(2)}) gives good agreement with measured values, including the dependence on both transverse momentum and centrality. This provides confirmation that the collision system is indeed well described as a quark-gluon plasma with an extremely small viscosity and that correlations are dominantly generated from collective effects. In addition, we present a prediction for nu(5).

Temporal evolution of tubular initial conditions and their influence on two-particle correlations in relativistic nuclear collisions

Relativistic nuclear collisions data on two-particle correlations exhibit structures as function of relative azimuthal angle and rapidity. A unified description of these near-side and away-side structures is proposed for low to moderate transverse momentum. It is based on the combined effect of tubular initial conditions and hydrodynamical expansion. Contrary to expectations, the hydrodynamics solution shows that the high-energy density tubes (leftover from the initial particle interactions) give rise to particle emission in two directions and this is what leads to the various structures. This description is sensitive to some of the initial tube parameters and may provide a probe of the strong interaction. This explanation is compared with an alternative one where some triangularity in the initial conditions is assumed. A possible experimental test is suggested. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Medicina Física e de Reabilitação no Tratamento Multidisciplinar da Fibrose Quística

A Fibrose Quística (FQ), é a doença hereditária mais comum na população caucasiana. Há uma grande variedade na apresentação e na gravidade clínicas. Os orgãos mais afectados são o pulmão e o pâncreas. Na maioria dos pacientes, a doença apresenta-se, na infância, como infecções recorrentes ou persistentes do tracto respiratório, malabsorção intestinal e má progressão ponderal. A maioria da morbilidade e mais de 90% da mortalidade correlaciona-se com doença pulmonar crónica e suas complicações. O papel da MFR no tratamento desta doença, está relacionado com a redução da obstrução das vias aéreas, melhorando a drenagem de secreções no sentido de melhorar a função pulmonar e tolerância ao exercício, manutenção/ melhoria da massa óssea, manutenção das amplitudes articulares e promoção do exercício aeróbio. A reabilitação respiratória, essencial no tratamento desta patologia, utiliza técnicas de limpeza das vias aéreas, de drenagem postural, drenagem autogénica, percussão torácica, pode auxiliar-se de dispositivos de pressão expiratória positiva. A utilização de técnicas com o objectivo de colheita de expectoração é de extrema importância, especialmente na criança mais pequena, porque o tratamento deve ser direccionado no sentido de identificar e erradicar as bactérias das vias aéreas. Nenhuma das técnicas é melhor que a anterior. As sessões de cinesiterapia respiratória devem ser frequentes e é importante também realçar a necessidade da realização de exercícios no domicílio. Nos periodos perioperatórios a cinesiterapia respiratória deve ser mandatória. Este trabalho pretende alertar para o papel essencial da MFR no tratamento das crianças com esta doença, integrada numa equipa multidisciplinar. A melhoria no tratamento da FQ e sobretudo das complicações respiratórias, conduziu a um aumento da esperança de vida.

Activitat física per a gent gran : una perspectiva multidisciplinar. 'Actividad física para personas mayores : una perspectiva multidisciplinar'.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Recreação hospitalar: o papel do profissional de educação física na equipe multidisciplinar

This qualitative study aimed to investigate the methodological perspective, the contents, possible outcomes and the role of Physical Education professionals in multidisciplinary staff of Recreation in hospitals. The study consisted of a survey applied to 20 adults of both sexes, volunteers, working in multidisciplinary team at a hospital in Leme, SP. Data were descriptively analyzed through content analysis technique, indicating that the time of engagement of that professional in that team was on average 12.8 months. Physical Education Professionals act mainly with joy faced the patients, making them well accepted. In relation to the contents used by these professionals, toys were the most mentioned, followed by books, puppets, role play and music. The team noticed some positive changes in patients after Physical Education Professional performances, and his engagement in the health team was considered very important, highlighting the urgency of new shares to enlarge this Professional participation in health multidisciplinary teams.

Programa multidisciplinar para promoção da saúde envolvendo atividade física supervisionada: ações do PAFIPNES na atenção à saúde de mulheres em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de São José do Rio Pardo-SP

The Physical Activity Program for Persons with Special Needs (PAFIPNES) is a extension project developed since 2002, and operates in secondary care to the health of obese, diabetic and hypertensive women. This offer exercise programs supervised by physical education professionals, together with a multidisciplinary health team that works in a Health Basic Unit of São José do Rio Pardo/SP. Their actions included interventions to improve general health status and stimulate the adoption of a more active lifestyle. In addition, the PAFIPNES serves as an internship site for scholars of Physical Education can acquire knowledge and skills that enable them to act on basic health care of patients with Non Communicable Diseases, as mentioned above.

Determinação do teor alcoólico de vodcas: uma abordagem multidisciplinar no ensino da física, química e matemática

In this paper, it is proposed an experimental activity to be developed with high school students, addressing the concepts of density and surface tension from a multidisciplinary approach among Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics. In this proposal, students are challenged to determine the alcohol content of vodkas from intensive physical properties of liquids. Two calibration curves were obtained, one for density and another for surface tension as a function of ethanol concentration in water. The alcohol levels obtained from these properties were very close to the values given by manufacturers, due the similarity of these beverages with ethanol-water binary mixtures.

A Paralisia Cerebral em contexto de Educação Física

O estudo seguinte tem em atenção a opinião da vertente médica, vertente de reabilitação e fisioterapia e de psicólogos sobre os factores mais importantes a trabalhar com crianças com paralisia cerebral na educação Física, apresentando algumas estratégias e benefícios da actividade física para essas crianças, não esquecendo nunca que cada caso é um caso e a avaliação inicial por uma equipa multidisciplinar do aluno é fundamental para a adequação de todo o processo. Retrata ainda o modo de trabalho de alguns profissionais de educação física com alunos com Paralisia cerebral e as suas opiniões e experiencias que tornaram o trabalho mais enriquecedor. Por último propõe algumas estratégias de actividades mais enriquecedoras para os alunos com PC dependendo sempre de cada aluno, pois cada caso é um caso.