Ethics in nursing

This chapter will :
- define nursing ethics
- outline the development of mainstream bioethics
- explore a range of 'everyday' ethical issues that nurses might face in the course of providing nursing care to clients/patients; and
- discuss five areas in which a re-examination of the ethical issues faced by the nursing profession is warranted

Key milestones in the operationalisation of professional nursing ethics in Australia: a brief historical overview

Objective To provide a brief historical overview of the achievement of key milestones in the development of mechanisms for operationalising professional nursing ethics in Australia; examples of such milestones include: the publication of the first Australian text on nursing ethics (1989), the provision of the first Australian national distance education course on nursing ethics for registered nurses (1990), the adoption of the first code of ethics for Australian nurses (1993), and the commissioning of the first regular column on nursing ethics by the Australian Nurses Journal (2008).

Setting Australian nursing ethics.

Primary argument An historical perspective on the achievement of key milestones in the development of mechanisms for operationalising professional nursing ethics in Australia has been poorly documented. As a consequence an authentic ‘Australian voice’ is missing in global discourses on the history and development of nursing ethics as a field of inquiry. Compared with other countries, the achievement of key milestones pertinent to the operationalisation of nursing ethics in Australia has been relatively slow. Even so, over the past three decades an Australian perspective on nursing ethics has gained a notable voice in the international arena with Australian nursing scholars now making a significant contribution to the field.

Conclusion Nursing ethics in Australia remains a ‘work in progress’. Although significant achievements have been made in the last three decades, the ongoing development of mechanisms for advancing nursing ethics in Australia would benefit from the development and implementation of a strategic agenda of collaborative, internationally comparative, cross disciplinary scholarship, research and critique.

Medical ethics

Mode of access: Internet.

'Moral distress'-time to abandon a flawed nursing construct?

Moral distress has been characterised in the nursing literature as a major problem affecting nurses in all healthcare systems. It has been portrayed as threatening the integrity of nurses and ultimately the quality of patient care. However, nursing discourse on moral distress is not without controversy. The notion itself is conceptually flawed and suffers from both theoretical and practical difficulties. Nursing research investigating moral distress is also problematic on account of being methodologically weak and disparate. Moreover, the ultimate purpose and significance of the research is unclear. In light of these considerations, it is contended that the notion of moral distress ought to be abandoned and that concerted attention be given to advancing inquiries that are more conducive to improving the quality and safety of moral decision-making, moral conduct and moral outcomes in nursing and healthcare domains.

Företagshälsovårdare

ÅBO AKADEMI UNIVERSITY Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies Author: Helena Nyman Supervisor: D.Sc. (Health Care), RN Jessica Hemberg Master´s Thesis The vision of caring – Occupational healthcare nurses experiences of fulfilling their ethical values CARING SCIENCE Keywords: Ethics, nursing, nursing ethics, healthcare, values April 2016 Number of pages: 53 Appendices: 5 The purpose of this study is to reach an understanding of what ethos is in an occupational healthcare context. The study seeks answer to the following questions: 1. What is ethos in an occupational healthcare context? 2. What does it mean for occupational healthcare nurses to fulfill their inner ethos in a healthcare context controlled by economic demands of gain and efficiency? The main concept in this study is ethos as Eriksson describes it in her caritative theory of caring. Ethos is associated with ethics and reflects the fundamental assumptions that we have about the human being´s holiness and dignity and about the inviolability of life. The empirical part of the study consists of focus interviews with four occupational healthcare nurses. The study uses hermeneutical reading as an interpretation method, and presents the results of the study in six theses reflecting these against both recent research and the theoretical background. The results of the study show that ethos in occupational healthcare has to do with justice, honesty and faithfulness. These concepts are common to nurses in different nursing contexts. Ethos is not primarily profession-bound but is something universal, and eternal in the human being´s way of being and becoming. The study shows that ethos is a way of being, openness and a way of existing in love. To fulfill ethos in an occupational health context means to choose ethos continuously and courageously for the sake of the patient and the good, even if it involves a struggle or a sacrifice.

Dignidade no cuidado: como prosseguir nos estudos e na pesquisa sobre ética em enfermagem?

A Dignidade é reconhecida como valor central e, também, controverso no discurso bioético. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar algumas das vertentes principais da extensa produção acadêmica e de literatura sobre o tema, na ética e prática da enfermagem. O método é a avaliação crítica de uma seleção de artigos publicados na Nursing Ethics e de outros manuscritos e textos identificados como influentes por pesquisadores do Reino Unido e Brasil. Os resultados sugerem um leque amplo e confuso de perspectivas e achados, embora haja temas gerais relacionados às características objetivas e subjetivas da dignidade. Em conclusão, os autores apontam para a necessidade de sólidos estudos filosóficos para contextualizar a dignidade humana dentro da pluralidade de valores profissionais. Pesquisas empíricas futuras devem explorar o que importa para pacientes, familiares, profissionais e cidadãos em diferentes contextos culturais, em vez de seguir desenvolvendo pesquisas qualitativas embasadas em um conceito impreciso e contestado.

Más allá de las “indiciones”. Reflexión sobre la comunicación a partir de una vivencia

El propósito de este trabajo es describir una reflexión originada a partir de una vivencia. En ella, la interpretación del mensaje fue indispensable. El primer paso de la asistencia sanitaria es la entrevista con el paciente. Tras ello, podemos detectar sus necesidades y empezar a actuar adecuadamente. La interpretación inadecuada de los datos obtenidos mediante la entrevista puede conducir a resultados diferentes de los esperados. Con cierta frecuencia, los pacientes reinterpretan o incluso reinventan los nombres de los fármacos, de las enfermedades, etc. En ocasiones puede suceder también con la descripción de la patología subyacente. Estos hechos suelen estar influenciados por diversos factores (culturales, geográficos, etc.). Descifrar su verdadero significado puede llegar a suponer un verdadero reto en algunas ocasiones. Una conversación reciente con mi abuela me condujo a la reflexión sobre la relación profesional sanitario-paciente presentada en este trabajo.

Opiniões sobre a visita de enfermagem em unidades de cirurgia: tradução, adaptação e validação de questionários

Enquadramento: Apesar da visita de enfermagem ou passagem de turno junto dos doentes garantir a continuidade dos cuidados de enfermagem, origina diversas questões éticas. Objetivos: Traduzir, adaptar e validar 2 questionários de colheita de dados sobre a visita de enfermagem em unidades cirúrgicas para a cultura portuguesa; identificar a opinião dos doentes e dos enfermeiros sobre a visita de enfermagem. Metodologia: Tradução, retroversão e adaptação dos questionários aplicados em 7 unidades cirúrgicas de um hospital central em Portugal de 22/08/2008 a 28/06/2009. A amostragem não probabilística acidental foi constituída por 137 enfermeiros e 96 doentes. Resultados: A visita de enfermagem promove a relação empática e de ajuda; a observação do doente e o planeamento de cuidados, no entanto é necessário clarificar o seu objetivo; incentivar à participação e ao envolvimento dos doentes; utilizar um discurso compreensível e garantir a privacidade da informação. Conclusão: Os questionários revelaram-se fidedignos e válidos na identificação das opiniões dos doentes e dos enfermeiros sobre a visita de enfermagem nas unidades de cirurgia em estudo.

Decisional Considerations in Left Ventricular Assist Device for Destination Therapy

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06