Dielectric properties of certain biological materials at microwave frequencies.

In the medical field, microwaves play a larger role for treatment than diagnosis. For the detection of diseases by microwave methods, it is essential to know the dielectric properties of biological materials. For the present study, a cavity perturbation technique was employed to determine the dielectric properties of these materials. Rectangular cavity resonators were used to measure the complex permittivity of human bile, bile stones, gastric juice and saliva. The measurements were carried out in the S and J bands. It is observed that normal and infected bile have different dielectric constant and loss tangent. Dielectric constant of infected bile and gastric juice varies from patient to patient. Detection and extraction of bile stone with possible method of treatment is also discussed.

Diseño y validación de políticas de transmisión de datos en redes inalámbricas de sensores de bajo consumo

El envejecimiento de la poblaci on, el sobrepeso, y el aumento de enfermedades cr onicas, tales como: afecciones cardiacas, diabetes e hipertensi on, plantean nuevos retos al sistema de salud p ublica. En este contexto, las redes de sensores inal ambricas corporales (Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN)/Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSN)) tienen gran potencial para revolucionar el sistema de salud ya que facilitan el seguimiento, la monitorizaci on y el diagn ostico de pacientes en casa, mejorando as su calidad de vida y reduciendo los costes asociados la asistencia sanitaria. Las redes WBAN/WBSN est an constituidas por nodos sensores que miden diferentes variables siol ogicas y cin eticas y disponen de interfaces inal ambricas de bajo coste para transmitir en tiempo real la informaci on a dispositivos en otros niveles de la red. En este tipo de redes, la transmisi on inal ambrica de datos es probablemente la tarea que presenta mayor consumo de energ a, por lo que dicho consumo debe ser reducido para maximizar su vida util. Adicionalmente, en escenarios WBAN/WBSN, el cuerpo humano juega un papel muy importante en la calidad de la comunicaci on. El cuerpo act ua como un canal de comunicaci on para la propagaci on de ondas electromagn eticas, por lo que el comportamiento de este tipo de canal representa un conjunto unico de desaf os para la transferencia able de datos...

Photoacoustic tomography: principles and advances.

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an emerging imaging modality that shows great potential for preclinical research and clinical practice. As a hybrid technique, PAT is based on the acoustic detection of optical absorption from either endogenous chromophores, such as oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin, or exogenous contrast agents, such as organic dyes and nanoparticles. Because ultrasound scatters much less than light in tissue, PAT generates high-resolution images in both the optical ballistic and diffusive regimes. Over the past decade, the photoacoustic technique has been evolving rapidly, leading to a variety of exciting discoveries and applications. This review covers the basic principles of PAT and its different implementations. Strengths of PAT are highlighted, along with the most recent imaging results.