O fenômeno recente da migração de brasileiros para o exterior e o âmbito de aplicação da Lei Mendes Junior

O processo de globalização e o grande fluxo de mão de obra levaram à edição da lei 7064/1982 (“Mendes Junior”) responsável por regular os direitos dos trabalhadores transferidos temporariamente para o exterior. De acordo com essa norma, àqueles empregados transferidos para outros países é assegurado o recolhimento de FGTS e INSS, além do pagamento de outras verbas trabalhistas dispostas na lei. Contudo, a essa legislação editada em 1982 se tornou inócua e desatualizada diante das novas relações de trabalho que lhe foram apresentadas. O presente trabalho pretende analisar o âmbito de aplicação da Lei Mendes Junior através do estudo de caso, onde o empregado é transferido para o exterior sem animus de volta e em caráter definitivo e, em virtude dessa transferência, tem o seu contrato de trabalho rescindido com a empresa brasileira e é admitido por uma empresa estrangeira, integrante do mesmo grupo econômico da sua empregadora original. Através de uma análise sistemática dos dispositivos da lei, é possível observar que a Lei Mendes Junior foi proposta com o objetivo principal de proteger os empregados que foram transferidos para o exterior com a expectativa de retorno para o Brasil. A interpretação da lei confirma a assertiva acima de que a legislação não foi criada para as transferências definitivas. Por fim, o trabalho em epígrafe oferece uma proposta legislativa para dirimir a lacuna da lei.

Financial and Economic Report of a Specific Business Group

As a result of the natural evolution of the economy, ever-changing, unpredictable and cyclical, companies must adapt as far as possible to the changes that have taken place in order to continue with their normal operating activities. Likewise, they should also try to maintain a structure for long-term growth, trying at all times to generate the maximum value. The main objective of this project is to provide financial advisory services to a business group, trying to forward solutions and measures that according to the author can be effective. For this end, the situation of the group in question is analysed from early 2008 to the present day, examining its evolution, what steps have been taken together with their corresponding results and the economic-financial situation of the company at the end of last year. Contact with the company was kept throughout the process of analysis and assessment trying to take advantage of the feedback generated so that the appropriate measures can be adopted if the management considers it to be adequate.

Growing research where economies grow: essays on strategy and international expansion of companies from emerging countries

In recent years, emerging countries have assumed an increasingly prominent position in the world economy, as growth has picked up in these countries and slowed in developed economies. Two related phenomena, among others, can be associated with this growth: emerging countries were less affected by the 2008-2009 global economic recession; and they increased their participation in foreign direct investment, both inflows and outflows. This doctoral dissertation contributes to research on firms from emerging countries through four independent papers. The first group of two papers examines firm strategy in recessionary moments and uses Brazil, one of the largest emerging countries, as setting for the investigation. Data were collected through a survey on Brazilian firms referring to the 2008-2009 global recession, and 17 hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling based on partial least squares. Paper 1 offered an integrative model linking RBV to literatures on entrepreneurship, improvisation, and flexibility to indicate the characteristics and capabilities that allow a firm to have superior performance in recessions. We found that firms that pre-recession have a propensity to recognize opportunities and improvisation capabilities for fast and creative actions have superior performance in recessions. We also found that entrepreneurial orientation and flexibility have indirect effects. Paper 2 built on business cycle literature to study which strategies - pro-cyclical or counter-cyclical – enable superior performance in recessions. We found that while most firms pro-cyclically reduce costs and investments during recessions, a counter-cyclical strategy of investing in opportunities created by changes in the environment enables superior performance. Most successful are firms with a propensity to recognize opportunities, entrepreneurial orientation to invest, and flexibility to efficiently implement these investments. The second group of two papers investigated international expansion of multinational enterprises, particularly the use of distance for their location decisions. Paper 3 proposed a conceptual framework to examine circumstances under which distance is less important for international location decisions, taking the new perspective of economic institutional distance as theoretical foundation. The framework indicated that the general preference for low-distance countries is lower: (1) when the company is state owned, rather than private owned; (2) when its internationalization motives are asset, resource, or efficiency seeking, as opposed to market seeking; and (3) when internationalization occurred after globalization and the advent of new technologies. Paper 4 compared five concurrent perspectives of distance and indicated their suitability to the study of various issues based on industry, ownership, and type, motive, and timing of internationalization. The paper also proposed that distance represents the disadvantages of host countries for international location decisions; as such, it should be used in conjunction with factors that represent host country attractiveness, or advantages as international locations. In conjunction, papers 3 and 4 provided additional, alternative explanations for the mixed empirical results of current research on distance. Moreover, the studies shed light into the discussion of differences between multinational enterprises from emerging countries versus those from advanced countries.