Avaliação de drogas antifúngicas no tratamento de camundongos BALB/c inoculados com o Lacazia loboi

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Avaliação clínica e microbiológica das condições de saúde oral dos receptores de transplante renal do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Natal RN

Introduction: The chronic immunosuppression promotes the development of changes in the oral cavity of the kidney transplant recipients (KTR), however with the exception of gingival overgrowth, little is known regarding the prevalence of oral lesions in this population. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of clinical and microbiological conditions of the oral cavity of the recipients of kidney transplantation and the associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which examined 96 clinical KTR and experimental where collected saliva stimulated them to identify Candida sp. Data collection consisted of evaluation stomatologic, socio-demographic, clinical aspects of transplantation, condition of oral hygiene and dental caries, yonder to questions about knowledge of oral alteration after transplantation. Results: Of the total, 66.7% of KTR had some type of oral manifestation. The most common was saburral tongue, followed by gingival overgrowth, with both oral manifestations related to gender and concomitant use of cyclosporine and nifedipine (p <0.05). Tacrolimus showed a protective effect for gingival overgrowth (OR = 0.13). The oral hygiene was associated with saburral tongue(p = 0.03) and severity of gingival overgrowth (p = 0.0001). Oral candidiasis was diagnosed in 17.7% of patients and Candida albicans was isolated most frequently in the saliva of RTR with a colonization of 58.3%. The average DMF-T increased with age. The method of oral hygiene was most used brush and toothpaste to 61.5%. Changes in the oral cavity was seen in 54.2% of KTR, citing as the main growth and gingival ulcers. Instructions for oral hygiene after transplantation were neglected for 61.5% of RTR. Dry mouth and halitosis were reported in 30.2% and 36.5% respectively. Conclusions: More the half of the KTR had at least one injury of the mouth, the immunosuppressive drugs and oral hygiene are associated with these alterations. Prospective cohort studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between oral manifestations and levels of drug and risk of oral manifestations occur over time. The kidney transplant recipients showed to be aware of oral alterations occurred after transplantation and uninformed about the oral hygiene instructions. With regard to hygiene, the incidence of caries was considered high, conditions of risk were identified and improvements in primary attention should be encouraged and reflected in the monitoring of renal transplant

Avaliação clínica do crescimento gengival em pacientes sob terapia com nifedipina

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Avaliação clínica, microbiológica e radiográfica de lesões de cárie de molares decíduos, após remoção parcial da dentina cariada

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as alterações clínicas, microbiológicas e radiográficas de lesões profundas de cárie, após a remoção parcial do tecido cariado e o selamento das cavidades. Vinte pacientes com idade entre quatro e sete anos participaram do estudo, totalizando uma amostra de quarenta e dois dentes com lesões profundas de cárie, distribuída em dezenove cavidades oclusais, doze ocluso-proximais, nove ocluso-linguais e duas ocluso-mésio-distais. O tratamento consistiu na escavação completa do tecido cariado localizado nas paredes laterais e marginais das cavidades, além da remoção superficial da dentina cariada localizada na parede pulpar. Após o término do preparo cavitário, a dentina remanescente foi avaliada quanto à sua coloração e à sua consistência, obtendo-se coletas deste tecido para análise bacteriológica. A seguir, os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com o material forrador aplicado sobre o tecido cariado (cimento de hidróxido de cálcio ou lâmina de guta-percha), sendo, então, restaurados com resina composta. Imediatamente depois da intervenção clínica, utilizaram-se dispositivos padronizados para a execução da tomada radiográfica inicial. Ao longo do estudo, um dente de cada grupo apresentou necrose pulpar e perdeu-se uma amostra do grupo guta-percha. Após o período experimental, compreendido entre quatro e sete meses, os dentes (n=39) foram novamente radiografados e reabertos para avaliação clínica e para a execução de nova coleta microbiológica. Alterações significativas foram encontradas quanto à coloração e consistência, em que o tecido, inicialmente castanho-claro e amolecido, mostrou-se predominantemente castanho-escuro e endurecido. Em relação à quantidade de unidades formadoras de colônias, observou-se uma redução significativa no número de lactobacilos, estreptococos do grupo mutans e do total de bactérias viáveis em aerobiose e em anaerobiose. Ao exame radiográfico, onde avaliou-se a diferença de densidade radiográfica, através do método de subtração de imagem, não se encontraram alterações significativas. Portanto, estes resultados sugeriram a possibilidade de inativação do processo carioso, através do selamento de lesões profundas de cárie com material adesivo, independente da utilização do cimento de hidróxido de cálcio como material forrador.

Avaliação clínica e histológica da resposta periodontal a procedimentos restauradores subgengivais em cães com peridontite

Foram avaliadas a resposta periodontal, clínica e histologicamente, a procedimentos restauradores subgengivais com amálgama de prata (Am), cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV) e sítios controle não restaurados (CT), em um período de 120 dias, em 3 cães suscetíveis à doença periodontal. Após 4 meses de uma raspagem e alisamento supragengival, foram realizados retalhos totais seguidos de raspagem e alisamento radicular em pré-molares apresentando perda de inserção e sinais inflamatórios. Cavidades radiculares experimentais foram restauradas com Am ou CIV. Durante os 3 meses do pós-operatório os quadrantes 2 e 3 receberam controle mecânico de placa (c/ct). Previamente às restaurações e ao final do período experimental, foram anotados os índices de placa visível (IPV), sangramento gengival (ISG), sangramento à sondagem (SS), profundidade de sondagem (PS), perda de inserção (PI) e distância da margem gengival à uma marca referência na coroa (DMM). Nove dentes foram restaurados com Am, 11 com CIV, e 10 serviram como controles. Após processamento, em espécimes representativos, foram avaliados histologicamente o grau de inflamação no conjuntivo, integridade e posição do epitélio em relação à face cervical das restaurações e da crista óssea (epit/co), e a altura da crista óssea em relação ao preparo cavitário (cav/co). Todos os locais apresentavam inicialmente 100% de IPV, ISG e SS. Foram restaurados dez dentes com cada material e outros 10 locais foram utilizados como controle (CT). O IPV apresentou-se reduzido nos quadrantes 2 e 3 enquanto que o ISG apresentou reduções também nos locais sem controle de placa (s/ct). A redução no SS ocorreu somente em um cão. A PS apresentou alterações variadas, com as maiores reduções (-0,5mm) associadas ao CIV c/ct e os maiores aumentos com Am s/ct e CT s/ct (1,00mm). Aumentos da PI foram também variados, sendo os menores associados com áreas CT c/ct (1,00mm) e os maiores com Am s/ct. As diferenças entre DMM final e inicial variaram de –1,00mm (Am c/ct e CT c/ct) a 1,50mm (CIV c/ct). Alterações epiteliais foram mais freqüentemente observadas em sitos Am s/ct e c/ct. As médias das distâncias cav/co variaram de 1,77mm (CIV c/ct) a 2,51mm (CIV s/ct). As médias das distâncias epit/co variaram de 1,49mm (CIV c/ct) a 2,09mm (CT c/ct). Quanto ao infiltrado inflamatório, sítios Am s/ct e c/ct , e CIV s/ct estiveram mais associados a escores Severo. Pode-se concluir que quadros clínicos e histológicos de maior inflamação e destruição periodontal foram associados a locais restaurados em relação a locais não restaurados, sendo que a resposta inflamatória parece estar na dependência do controle da placa bacteriana supragengival.

Avaliação clínica da infecção experimental de bezerros com Salmonella Typhimurium

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação clínica da infecção experimental de bezerros com Salmonella Dublin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação clínica do efeito da irradiação pós-opratória do laser de baixa intensidade na cicatrização de gengivoplastias em humanos

Many studies have been made to understand the process of tissular cicatrization, as well as the possible effects of laser therapy in the wound healing. However, the influence of low frequency laser irradiation in the repairing process is not completely understood. Our study has the purpose to assess clinically the effect of postoperative irradiation of the low frequency laser in humans, and the gingival repairing process postgingivoplasty performed with the extern bevel technique. Twenty-four patients with inflammatory gingival hyperplasia were enrolled in this study, which did not reduce with basic periodontal procedures, and patients with melanin pigmentation, with esthetic indications. After surgery the test group, randomly selected by a drawing, received laser application with energy density of 4 J/cm2, immediately after surgery and each 48 hours, during a week, with a total of 4 sections. The control group did not receive irradiation. The visual clinical analyses were performed by a single blind examiner, in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 15th and 21st days post surgery. For statistic analyses of the data was used a Q-square test. Concerning the color, the results showed a better wound healing during days 6 to 8. when assessed the degree of progress of surgical wound, the results showed that the test group had a better cicatrization compared with the control group in the 2nd, 6th, 8th and 15th days post surgery, and at the 21st day both groups had the same results. Our results confirm that the laser had clinical influence in the repairing process after gingivoplasty surgery during days 2 to 15 post surgery

Avaliação clínica e comparativa da oclusão balanceada bilateral e desoclusão com guia canino sobre a função mastigatória de usuários de prótese total removível

The maintenance of masticatory function is especially important for patients who wear complete dentures due to the limitations of this type of prosthesis. Thus, the bilateral balanced occlusion (BBO) is used to achieve, besides other advantages, greater masticatory efficiency. However, analyzing critically the literature, it is observed that there is not enough scientific evidence that support the BBO as the most appropriate occlusal concept in complete dentures. This way, the purpose of the present study was to verify if complete dentures wearers with BBO present better masticatory efficiency and capacity than those with canine guidance (CG). A double-blind controlled crossover clinical trial was conducted. The sample was made of 24 completely edentulous patients. The subjects wore sets of complete dentures with both occlusal concepts for equal periods of 3 months. Objective data were collected through the masticatory efficiency test, performed by the colorimetric method, in which capsules of a synthetic material enclosing fuchsine- containing granules were used. Subjective data were recorded by patient´s ratings of their chewing function, which is the masticatory ability. No significant statistical difference was found for masticatory efficiency (p=0,0952) and masticatory ability (x2=0,5711/ p=0,4498) between the two occlusal concepts studied, as well as there was no correlation between these two variables (p=0,2985). Based on these results, it seems reasonable to use CG for the setup of complete dentures, since it is an easier and quicker technical procedure, until that future researches can come to complement this question

Avaliação clínica da relação entre o índice de placa, índice gengival, alinhamento dental, mucosa ceratinizada, tipo de periodonto e distúrbios oclusais com a ocorrência de recessão gengival

This study clinically evaluated the relationship of gingival recessions with the periodontal index of gingival and plaque, dental alignment, keratinized mocous, type of periodontal, and occlusal disorders. Study participants were individuals aged between 19 and 33 years. The evaluations were performed by using questionnaires and clinical examinations. In subjects examined, the teeth were assessed and divided into groups (Molars, premolars, canines and incisors). The gingival recession were measured in the central region of the teeth and individuals were subject to disclosure to the plate and observing the poll of plaque and gingival index, respectively. 558 teeth were examined, with 24.1%, 135 had gingival recession greater than or equal to 1mm. Through the combination of tests used to evaluate the average of the recession and its relationship with the variables studied, we observed that the degree of recession of the elements assessed dental showed, almost for the most part, when higher values associated with the index plaque (p = 0.101), Gingival Index (p = 0.053), dental alignment (p = 0.962), width of keratinized mocous (p = 0.004) and type of periodontium (p = 0.033), however statistically significant difference could only be considered when related the recessions in the keratinized mocous and the type of the periodontium. Although we identify, when we evaluate the whole set of teeth that occlusal disturbances (p = 0.002) were more strongly associated with cases of gum recession that the gingival index (p = 0.006), however, these two conditions were correlated with the cases of recession, contributing to its occurrence

Avaliação clínica longitudinal do periodonto de dentes pilares e não pilares de próteses parciais removíveis

The literature has shown a relation between periodontics and the removable partial denture (RPD), with progressive destruction observed in the support structures. The aim of this study was to clinically assess periodontal condition in users of removal partial denture (RPD), and compare right abutments teeth, indirect abutments and controls before installation and after 1 year, in addition to comparing tooth-supported and tooth mucosa-supported abutments. A total of 50 patients, 32 women and 18 men, mean age of 45 years, took part in the study. The patients were examined by a single examiner at prosthesis installation and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The following were verified at each examination: Probe Depth (PD), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), the amount of Keratinized Mucosa (KM), Gingival Recession (GR) and Dental Mobility (DM); in addition patients received oral hygiene orientation, accompanied by prophylaxis, periodontal scaling and root planing (PSRP), when necessary. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Tukey-Kramer post test was used to assess the dependent variables (PD, PI, KM, GR) of the three groups over time while Friedman s test was used for GI. To assess the outcomes of prosthesis type in the right abutment group, a confidence interval-based analysis was performed. The results showed that the control group was the least compromised in all the variables studied. With respect to development of the groups over time, it was verified that the measures for GR, PD, GI and KM increased from initial examination to 1 year of use in all the groups, but only PI showed a significant increase. There was a non-discriminatory low prevalence of dental mobility. The tooth mucosa-supported prosthesis had significantly higher values for GR, GI and PI and significantly lower ones for KM when compared to tooth-supported. Over time, both types of prostheses showed no significant differences from initial to final examination for the variables GR, PD, KM and GI, with PI significant only for tooth-supported. The results showed that the teeth most involved in RPD design had greater potential of periodontal damage, probably because of greater dental biofilm accumulation. Abutments elements adjacent to the free extremities had less favorable periodontal condition than those adjacent to interpolated spaces, but the use of RPD did not worsen the initial condition