Capabilities : describing what services can do

The ability of agents and services to automatically locate and interact with unknown partners is a goal for both the semantic web and web services. This, \serendipitous interoperability", is hindered by the lack of an explicit means of describing what services (or agents) are able to do, that is, their capabilities. At present, informal descriptions of what services can do are found in \documentation" elements; or they are somehow encoded in operation names and signatures. We show, by ref- erence to existing service examples, how ambiguous and imprecise capa- bility descriptions hamper the attainment of automated interoperability goals in the open, global web environment. In this paper we propose a structured, machine readable description of capabilities, which may help to increase the recall and precision of service discovery mechanisms. Our capability description draws on previous work in capability and process modeling and allows the incorporation of external classi¯cation schemes. The capability description is presented as a conceptual meta model. The model supports conceptual queries and can be used as an extension to the DAML-S Service Pro¯le.

语义Web规则标记语言OWLRule+的设计与实现

语义Web是对未来Web体系结构的一个伟大设想 ,其研究分层次进行 目前足够成熟的最高层是以OWL语言为代表的ontology层 但它的语义仅限于描述逻辑 ,该逻辑主要表示对象和类的层次结构 ,而规则的表达能力弱 因此在其之上需要一种表达力更丰富的逻辑语言 设计了一种新的语义Web规则标记语言OWLRule+:其语法扩展了OWL ;语义基于CARIN ,一种结合描述逻辑和Horn规则的表示语言 ;实现基于Jess规则推理机 实例学习展示了它对目前的Webontology语言在规则表示和推理能力上的扩展

Ontology-based metadata for e-learning content

Nowadays, the popularity of the Web encourages the development of Hypermedia Systems dedicated to e-learning. Nevertheless, most of the available Web teaching systems apply the traditional paper-based learning resources presented as HTML pages making no use of the new capabilities provided by the Web. There is a challenge to develop educative systems that adapt the educative content to the style of learning, context and background of each student. Another research issue is the capacity to interoperate on the Web reusing learning objects. This work presents an approach to address these two issues by using the technologies of the Semantic Web. The approach presented here models the knowledge of the educative content and the learner’s profile with ontologies whose vocabularies are a refinement of those defined on standards situated on the Web as reference points to provide semantics. Ontologies enable the representation of metadata concerning simple learning objects and the rules that define the way that they can feasibly be assembled to configure more complex ones. These complex learning objects could be created dynamically according to the learners’ profile by intelligent agents that use the ontologies as the source of their beliefs. Interoperability issues were addressed by using an application profile of the IEEE LOM- Learning Object Metadata standard.

Ontologias e consulta semântica : uma aplicação ao caso Lattes

A quantidade e diversidade dos dados disponíveis na Web aumentam constantemente. Os motores de busca disponíveis, que usam palavras-chave, fornecem ao usuário resultados inexatos. Atualmente, os sistemas convencionais de consultas utilizam técnicas de base sintática. As pesquisas voltam-se para o estudo de abordagens de consultas através de conceitos, permitindo a recuperação semântica. Neste sentido, algumas propostas envolvem a criação de metadados que seguem modelos de ontologias.O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar, avaliar e permitir uma melhor compreensão de um conjunto de conceitos, linguagens e ferramentas que são usadas na Web Semântica. Dentre elas, linguagens para construção de ontologias e linguagens para consultas; além das ferramentas associadas que objetivam o armazenamento, manutenção e anotação em ontologias. Para atingir este propósito, estas linguagens e ferramentas são aplicadas a um caso de dimensão e complexidade realistas, o Currículo Lattes. O trabalho apresenta um modelo de metadados com semântica para o Currículo Lattes. Este modelo é baseado numa ontologia especificada na linguagem DAML+OIL. Além disso, é apresentada uma avaliação dos métodos de instanciação desta ontologia. Uma avaliação dos métodos e/ou linguagens de consulta mais adequadas para a consulta semântica das informações também é apresentada.

Alf sakhar ve sakhar: yani, Mengdah ber sakhar

bū Mengdah ber sakhar kitābīnī Rūsīyadākī Muslumānlar Tūrkī talīnah taṣnīf qīldim Qāzānliq mahdum Muḥammad Fātiḥ Damlā Ḥammād Ughlī Khālidī.

al-Kāmil /

Mode of access: Internet.

ImageSpace: An Environment for Image Ontology Management

More and more researchers have realized that ontologies will play a critical role in the development of the Semantic Web, the next generation Web in which content is not only consumable by humans, but also by software agents. The development of tools to support ontology management including creation, visualization, annotation, database storage, and retrieval is thus extremely important. We have developed ImageSpace, an image ontology creation and annotation tool that features (1) full support for the standard web ontology language DAML+OIL; (2) image ontology creation, visualization, image annotation and display in one integrated framework; (3) ontology consistency assurance; and (4) storing ontologies and annotations in relational databases. It is expected that the availability of such a tool will greatly facilitate the creation of image repositories as islands of the Semantic Web.