996 resultados para Controle de inundação
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O núcleo urbano de Belmonte localizado no litoral Sul do estado da Bahia se desenvolveu em 1764, a partir do porto fluvial no rio Jequitinhonha. As cheias do rio eram muito comuns entre os meses de dezembro e fevereiro e o risco de inundações sempre foi por muito tempo um problema para os gestores municipais, diante da ameaça à população com perda de residências e de parte da cidade pelas enxurradas. Desta maneira este trabalho teve por objetivo mapear as transformações ocorridas no canal do rio Jequitinhonha após a intervenção na sua calha, com a abertura e desvio do canal, em 1989. Adotou-se para o mapeamento as fotografias aéreas verticais de 1960, 1965 e 1974 na escala de 1: 25.000 e a imagem de satélite CBERS – 2, de 2005 com o trabalho de campo realizado entre 2005 e 2007. O desvio do canal do rio contribuiu para que Belmonte ficasse protegida das cheias dos anos subseqüentes. Por outro lado, alterou a morfologia do canal do rio, com diferentes formas deposicionais, com o adensamento de ilhas fluviais a oeste da cidade e com o assoreamento e estreitamento do antigo leito do rio, transformado em canal secundário, colmatado.
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Slugging is a well-known slugging phenomenon in multiphase flow, which may cause problems such as vibration in pipeline and high liquid level in the separator. It can be classified according to the place of its occurrence. The most severe, known as slugging in the riser, occurs in the vertical pipe which feeds the platform. Also known as severe slugging, it is capable of causing severe pressure fluctuations in the flow of the process, excessive vibration, flooding in separator tanks, limited production, nonscheduled stop of production, among other negative aspects that motivated the production of this work . A feasible solution to deal with this problem would be to design an effective method for the removal or reduction of the system, a controller. According to the literature, a conventional PID controller did not produce good results due to the high degree of nonlinearity of the process, fueling the development of advanced control techniques. Among these, the model predictive controller (MPC), where the control action results from the solution of an optimization problem, it is robust, can incorporate physical and /or security constraints. The objective of this work is to apply a non-conventional non-linear model predictive control technique to severe slugging, where the amount of liquid mass in the riser is controlled by the production valve and, indirectly, the oscillation of flow and pressure is suppressed, while looking for environmental and economic benefits. The proposed strategy is based on the use of the model linear approximations and repeatedly solving of a quadratic optimization problem, providing solutions that improve at each iteration. In the event where the convergence of this algorithm is satisfied, the predicted values of the process variables are the same as to those obtained by the original nonlinear model, ensuring that the constraints are satisfied for them along the prediction horizon. A mathematical model recently published in the literature, capable of representing characteristics of severe slugging in a real oil well, is used both for simulation and for the project of the proposed controller, whose performance is compared to a linear MPC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The distribution of diagenetic alterations in Late Cenomanian siliciclastic reservoirs from Potiguar Basin was influenced by the stratigraphic framework and the depositional system. Seismic sections and geophysical logs of two wells drilled in the SW portion of the mentioned basin above register regional stratigraphic surfaces representing maximum floods related to a transgressive event. The sequential analysis of 80 m of drill core (~450 m deep) recognized nine depositional facies with an upwards granodecrescent standard piling that limits cycles with an erosional conglomeratic base (lag) overlain by intercalations of medium to very fine sandstones showing cross bedding (channel, planar and low angled) and horizontal bedding (plane-parallel , wave and flaser). The top of the cycles is marked by the deposition of pelites and the development of paleosoils and lagoons. The correlation of genetically related facies reveals associations of channel fillings, crevasse, and flood plains deposited in a transgressive system. Detailed descriptions of seventy nine thin sections aided by MEV-EBSD/EDS, DRX and stable isotope analyses in sandstones revealed an arcosian composition and complex textural arrays with abundant smectite fringes continuously covering primary components, mechanically infiltrated cuticles and moldic and intragrain pores. K-feldspar epitaxial overgrowth covers microcline and orthoclase grains before any other phase. Abundant pseudomatrix due to the compactation of mud intraclasts concentrate along the stratification planes, locally replaced by macrocristalline calcite and microcrystalline and framboidal pyrite. Kaolinite (booklets and vermicular), microcrystalline smectite, microcrystalline titanium minerals and pyrite replace the primary components. The intergrain porosity prevails over the moldic, intragrain and contraction porosities. The pores are poorly connected due to the presence of intergranular smectite, k-feldspar overgrowth, infiltrated mud and pseudomatrix. The sandstones were subjected to eodiagenetic conditions next to the surface and shallow burial mesodiagenetic conditions. The diagenetic alterations reduced the porosity and the permeability mainly due to the precipitation of smectite fringes, compactation of mud intraclasts onto the pseudomatrix and cementing by poikilotopic calcite characterizing different reservoir petrofacies. These diagenetic products acted as barriers and detours to the flow of fluids thus reducing the quality of the reservoir.
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Objetivou-se determinar o efeito do alagamento do solo na produção de massa seca de 16 progênies de cupuaçuzeiro visando, posteriormente, incorporá-las no programa de melhoramento genético da espécie. O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegetação da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém-PA, no período de março a setembro de 2015. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, arranjados em esquema fatorial 16x2 com quatro repetições e uma planta por unidade amostral. Os tratamentos foram 16 progênies de cupuaçuzeiro e dois regimes hídricos (alagado e controle). Após 45 dias de aplicação do alagamento foi avaliada a produção de biomassa seca das plantas. No geral, o tratamento alagado proporcionou as maiores médias para todas as variáveis analisadas. Para as variáveis biomassa seca foliar (BF) e biomassa seca radicular (BR) as progênies que mais se destacaram foram a 46 e 57, já para a biomassa seca caulinar (BC), biomassa seca parte aérea (BPA) e biomassa seca total (BT) os materiais mais promissores foram 32, 46, 57 e 215. Por outro lado, a progênie 48 não obteve bom comportamento. Diferença significativa na razão biomassa seca radicular por biomassa seca da parte aérea (BR/BPA) foi observada para as progênies 47, 56 e 64. Pela avaliação global, as progênies 46 e 57 foram as mais tolerantes ao alagamento. Os materiais 47, 48 e 56 mostram ser menos favoráveis a esse estresse. O padrão de crescimento das progênies 46 e 57 sugere boa plasticidade fenotípica, o que indica boa potencialidade para seleção.
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Autonomous navigation and locomotion of a mobile robot in natural environments remain a rather open issue. Several functionalities are required to complete the usual perception/decision/action cycle. They can be divided in two main categories : navigation (perception and decision about the movement) and locomotion (movement execution). In order to be able to face the large range of possible situations in natural environments, it is essential to make use of various kinds of complementary functionalities, defining various navigation and locomotion modes. Indeed, a number of navigation and locomotion approaches have been proposed in the literature for the last years, but none can pretend being able to achieve autonomous navigation and locomotion in every situation. Thus, it seems relevant to endow an outdoor mobile robot with several complementary navigation and locomotion modes. Accordingly, the robot must also have means to select the most appropriate mode to apply. This thesis proposes the development of such a navigation/locomotion mode selection system, based on two types of data: an observation of the context to determine in what kind of situation the robot has to achieve its movement and an evaluation of the behavior of the current mode, made by monitors which influence the transitions towards other modes when the behavior of the current one is considered as non satisfying. Hence, this document introduces a probabilistic framework for the estimation of the mode to be applied, some navigation and locomotion modes used, a qualitative terrain representation method (based on the evaluation of a difficulty computed from the placement of the robot's structure on a digital elevation map), and monitors that check the behavior of the modes used (evaluation of rolling locomotion efficiency, robot's attitude and configuration watching. . .). Some experimental results obtained with those elements integrated on board two different outdoor robots are presented and discussed.
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This paper sets out to contribute to the literature on the design and the implementation of management control systems. To this end, we question what is discussed when a management control system is to be chosen and on what decision-making eventually rests. This study rests upon an ethnomethodology of the Salvation Army’s French branch. Operating in the dual capacity of a researcher and a counsellor to management, between 2000 and 2007, we have unrestricted access to internal data revealing the backstage of management control: discussions and interactions surrounding the choosing of control devices. We contribute to understanding the arising of a need for control, the steps and process followed to decide upon a management control system, and controls in nonprofits. [Cet article vise à contribuer à la littérature sur la mise en place des systèmes de contrôle de gestion. À cette fin, nous questionnons ce qui est discuté lors du choix d’un système de contrôle et sur quoi repose in fine la décision. Cet article est fondé sur une approche ethnométhodologique de l’Armée du Salut en France permise par notre double qualité de chercheurs mais également de conseiller auprès de la direction de l’organisation entre 2000 et 2007. Un accès illimité à des données internes nous permet ainsi de mettre en lumière les aspects méconnus et invisibles du contrôle de gestion : les discussions et interactions entourant le choix d’outils. Nous contribuons à la compréhension de l’émergence du besoin de contrôle, des étapes et du processus de choix d’outils et enfin du contrôle de gestion dans une organisation à but non lucratif.]
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Traz os debates ocorridos durante a 1ª Reunião de Audiência Pública, realizada em abril de 2012, na Câmara dos Deputados, que discutiu o tema "Parlamento Aberto: Transparência e Controle Social para um Congresso mais Colaborativo".
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Analisa o fluxo do processo de retroalimentação da CGU para órgãos centrais do Sistema de Planejamento e Orçamento Federal, bem como as possibilidades de retroalimentação da CGU a esses órgãos. Propõe a previsão na legislação de um Comitê Operacional e de um Comitê Estratégico do Ciclo de Gestão.
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Consultoria Legislativa - Área XI - Meio Ambiente e Direito Ambiental, Organização Territorial, Desenvolvimento Urbano e Regional.
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Consultoria Legislativa - Área I - Direito Constitucional, Eleitoral, Municipal, Administrativo Processo Legislativo e Poder Judiciário.
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Consultoria Legislativa - Área I - Direito Constitucional, Eleitoral, Municipal, Direito Administrativo, Processo Legislativo e Poder Judiciário.
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Consultoria Legislativa - Área VIII - Área de Direito Administrativo e de Administração Pública.