Arsenic speciation in Japanese rice drinks and condiments

Rice has been demonstrated to be one of the major contributors to inorganic arsenic (i-As) intake in humans. However, little is known about rice products as additional source of i-As exposure. In this study, misos, syrups and amazake (a fermented sweet rice drink) produced from rice, barley and millet were analysed for total arsenic (t-As) and a subset of samples were also analyzed for As speciation. Rice based products displayed a higher i-As content than those derived from barley and millet. Most of the t-As in the rice products studied was inorganic (63-83%), the remainder being dimethylarsinic acid. Those who regularly consume rice drinks and condiments, such as the Japanese population and those who follow health conscious diets based on the Japanese cuisine, could reach up to 23% of the World Health Organization's Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake of i-As, by only consuming these kinds of products. This study provides a wide appreciation of how i-As derived from rice based products enters the human diet and how this may be of concern to populations who are already exposed to high levels of i-As through consumption of foods such as rice and seaweed.

Survey of arsenic and its speciation in rice products such as breakfast cereals, rice crackers and Japanese rice condiments

Rice has been demonstrated to be one of the major contributors to arsenic (As) in human diets in addition to drinking water, but little is known about rice products as an additional source of As exposure. Rice products were analyzed for total As and a subset of samples were measured for arsenic speciation using high performance liquid chromatography interfaced with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). A wide range of rice products had total and inorganic arsenic levels that typified those found in rice grain including, crisped rice, puffed rice, rice crackers, rice noodles and a range of Japanese rice condiments as well as rice products targeted at the macrobiotic, vegan, lactose intolerant and gluten intolerance food market. Most As in rice products are inorganic As (75.2-90.1%). This study provides a wider appreciation of how inorganic arsenic derived from rice products enters the human diet. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Condiments before Claudius: new plant foods at the Late Iron Age oppidum at Silchester, UK

Our understanding of the introduction and adoption of new plant foods in Roman Britain is currently limited by a lack of data from a group of Late Iron Age settlements commonly referred to as oppida (large pre-Roman towns). This paper presents the first evidence of several imported plant foods from Late Iron Age Britain in the form of waterlogged plant remains from the oppidum at Silchester. These were recovered from the basal contexts of two wells, dated to the early first century a.d. One olive stone and several seeds of celery, coriander and dill were identified. The results are compared to archaeobotanical data from elsewhere in Britain and northwestern Europe, demonstrating that Silchester is part of the wider phenomenon of the adoption of new flavourings and fruits in Late Iron Age Europe.

Spices and condiments / by James B. McNair, Asst. Curator of Economic Botany.

no.15(1930)

Traité de toxicologie médicale, chimique et légale et de la falsification des aliments, boissons, condiments /

Mode of access: Internet.

Traité de toxicologie médicale, chimique et légale et de la falsification des aliments, boissons, condiments /

Mode of access: Internet.

K. N. Pepper, and other condiments; put up for general use,

Mode of access: Internet.

Herstellung und Zusammensetzung von asiatischen Fischsaucen

Abstract Fish sauce belongs to the most important condiments in Southeast Asian cuisine. It is a clear, amber to reddish liquid with an intensive smell. Fish sauce is used instead of salt for nearly each meal. Asian fish sauce is made from anchovies and other small fish. For the traditional process whole fresh fish are mixed with salt in the ratio 1:1 to 6:1 in wooden, clay or concrete tanks at tropical temperatures for 6 to 18 months. The liquefaction of the fish tissue is due to the action of endogenous enzymes in fish and exogenous enzymes from bacteria. During the fermentation amino acids, peptides and a lot of other substances are built, which are responsible for the characteristic aroma and flavour of these sauces. You can buy pure fish sauce, diluted fish sauce and fish sauce made from other types of animals like mussels, prawns and squids. In single Asian countries there are different national standards for the quality of fish sauces. In order to get a general idea of these products we have bought 16 fish and two oyster sauces from the retail trade in Hamburg and analyzed them with physical, chemical, sensory and microbiological methods. Kurzfassung Fischsauce gehört zu den wichtigsten Würzsaucen in der südostasiatischen Küche. Es ist eine klare, bernsteinfarbene bis rötlichbraune, sehr intensiv riechende Flüssigkeit. Sie wird anstelle von Salz verwendet und daher fast zu jedem Essen gereicht. Zur Herstellung von Fischsaucen werden hauptsächlich Anchovis und ähnliche kleine Fische verwendet. Bei der traditionellen Herstellung werden die ganzen Fische mit Meersalz in einem Holzfass, Tongefäß oder Betontank im Verhältnis 1:1 bis 6:1 gemischt. Während der anschließenden 6 – 18 Monate dauernden Lagerung bei tropischen Temperaturen bauen sich die Gewebeproteine durch fischeigene Enzyme und Mikroorganismen ab. Bei diesem mehrmonatigen Fermentationsprozess entstehen die für den Geschmack wichtigen Aminosäuren, Peptide und Aromastoffe. Es gibt neben reiner Fischsauce, auch verdünnte Fischsauce und Fischsaucen aus anderen Tieren wie Muscheln, Garnelen und Tintenfische. In den einzelnen asiatischen Ländern gibt es unterschiedliche nationale Qualitätsstandards. Um diese Produktgruppe näher kennen zu lernen, haben wir 16 Fisch- und 2 Austernsaucen aus dem Einzelhandel (Hamburg) mit physikalischen, chemischen, sensorischen und mikrobiologischen Verfahren untersucht.

Alimentos marcadores da qualidade da dieta no Brasil

A tese descreve o consumo de alimentos marcadores da qualidade da dieta no Brasil e identifica os alimentos que mais contribuem com a ingestão de açúcar e sódio no país. Foram utilizados para este fim os dados do Sistema Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL) realizado nos anos de 2007, 2008 e 2009 e os dados provenientes do primeiro Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA) realizado nos anos de 2008-2009 no Brasil. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de quatro artigos. O primeiro artigo avaliou as questões marcadoras de consumo alimentar do Sistema VIGITEL e sua evolução temporal e inclui 135.249 indivíduos de 27 cidades brasileiras, entrevistados nos anos de 2007 2009. Para os demais artigos, utilizou-se os dados obtidos no INA, para descrever os alimentos mais consumidos no país segundo sexo, grupo etário, região e faixa de renda familiar per capita (artigo 2) e identificar os alimentos que mais contribuem para o consumo de sódio (artigo 3) e de açúcar na população brasileira (artigo 4). As análises do INA baseiam-se em informações do primeiro de dois dias não consecutivos de registro alimentar de 34.003 indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade. Os resultados apresentados indicam que a alimentação dos brasileiros vem se caracterizando pela introdução de alimentos processados de alta densidade energética e bebidas com adição de açúcar, embora os hábitos tradicionais de alimentação, como o consumo de arroz e feijão, ainda sejam mantidos. Entre as bebidas açucaradas os refrigerantes aparecem como importante marcador da qualidade da dieta na população brasileira. Os dados do VIGITEL evidenciaram aumento no consumo deste item de 7% e dentre os itens avaliados no inquérito, foi o que mais discriminou o consumo alimentar na população. De acordo com os dados do INA, o refrigerante foi um dos itens mais consumidos pelos brasileiros, e constitui-se também como marcador do consumo de açúcar total, de adição e livre, juntamente com sucos, café e biscoitos doces. Adolescentes apresentaram o maior consumo de açúcar, comparados aos adultos e idosos e este resultado pode ser explicado pelo alto consumo de bebidas açucaradas e biscoitos doces observado nesta faixa etária. Quanto ao consumo de sódio, alimentos processados, como carne salgada, carnes processadas, queijos, biscoitos salgados, molhos e condimentos, sanduíches, pizzas e pães figuraram entre as principais fontes de sódio na dieta do brasileiro. Nossos achados reafirmam a importância de políticas de alimentação e nutrição, que estimulem o consumo de alimentos saudáveis, como frutas, verduras e grãos integrais, e a manutenção do consumo de alimentos básicos tradicionais, como o feijão. O sistema VIGITEL deve contemplar itens do consumo alimentar que possam ter impacto na redução das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.

COMTEMP: Financing expansion through private equity?

COMTEMP – Companhia de Temperos, Lda. is a Portuguese company that produces vinegars (e.g. CRISTAL vinegars), sauces and condiments. This case study aims to analyze its attractiveness to receive a venture capital investment. The main covered topics are arranged into the following sections: foundation, company, industry, competition, industrial kitchen opportunity, financial strategy and decision.

天工開物Tian gong kai wu.Traités des industries diverses.

Par Song Ying xing, de Feng xin ; préface de l'auteur (1637). Texte avec figures nombreuses : nourriture, vêtement, condiments, terre cuite, fer, voitures et bateaux, métaux, armes, pierres précieuses, etc.18 livres en 3 sections.

Plan de negocios Condimentos Natusazón

El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar el plan de empresa para Condimentos Natusazón en el ámbito de mercadeo, producción y calidad, organización y gestión, jurídico tributario y financiero. Natusazón es una fábrica de condimentos y especias naturales sin conservantes ni aditivos artificiales que centrará sus operaciones en el municipio de Barbosa ubicado en la provincia de Vélez en el departamento de Santander, la cual se encuentra compuesta por 20 municipios. Los productos se distribuirán en las plazas de mercado de los principales 12 municipios de la provincia, teniendo en cuenta que el 100% de estos cuenta con al menos una plaza de mercado y actualmente no hay ninguna empresa que distribuya productos similares y haga presencia en estos lugares. El tamaño de mercado para el rubro otros condimentos dentro del pocket share colombiano para el mes de junio de 2012 en el departamento de Santander fue de $3.389.902.790 lo cual equivale al 3% del total consumido mensual a nivel nacional, de los cuales Condimentos Natusazón quiere llegar a abarcar a lo largo de su actividad comercial cerca del 1% del tamaño de mercado, lo cual equivale a $33.899.027 mensuales. Por último, teniendo en cuenta algunos estudios realizados por el Centro de Innovación de Alimentos y la Cámara de Comercio sobre las tendencias de consumo en Colombia, así como la investigación realizada por el equipo emprendedor, se puede decir que Condimentos Natusazón tiene una potencial oportunidad de negocio en el mercado santandereano.