Cor e desempenho escolar : o papel da escola, do professor e dos colegas na proficiência dos alunos negros no Brasil

O desempenho dos alunos negros nos exames de proficiência realizados pelo MEC é cerca de 10% menor do que o dos alunos brancos. Esta diferença se observa tanto na 4ª e 8ª séries do ensino fundamental como no 3º ano do ensino médio e tem se mantido ao longo dos anos. Cerca de 75% do hiato é explicado por características familiares, principalmente a educação dos pais. Estas são variáveis difíceis de serem alteradas no curto e médio prazo enquanto as conseqüências, o acesso a universidade e aos bons postos de trabalho, são imediatas. Este trabalho procura investigar como a escola pode compensar esta desvantagem inicial dos alunos negros, buscando identificar quais variáveis têm maior impacto no seu desempenho.

Interação de um aluno com paralisia cerebral com colegas de classe durante atividades ludicas

The study aimed to examine the quality of interpersonal relationships developed between a child with cerebral palsy (CP) and his classmates during group play activities carried out in the classroom and during recess. The participants of the study were a boy with clinical diagnosis of quadriplegic CP, his teacher and classmates. Data collection was carried out by means of a structured interview with the teacher and of video recording the child with CP interacting with his classmates in play activities. The interview data analysis was carried out using qualitative procedures and the video recording was analyzed using a category system. The results showed that the teacher perceived the child with CP to be interested; he participated in play activities and interacted successfully both with familiar partners and with all classmates in general. On the other hand, the analysis of the video recorded activities showed that even though interaction did in fact occur positively, the child with CP remained mostly an observer of the activities rather than an active participant, possibly due to the gap between the child's possibilities and the requirements imposed by the activities underway in the school setting.